2026-10-19T00:27:34Zhttps://ebyu-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/oai/request

oai:ebyu-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net:ebyu/101522026-10-18T20:31:18Zopenairedrivercom_ebyu_10000col_ebyu_10001

From extraction to ocular delivery: An integrated approach using apigenin and apigenin 7-O-glucoside nanosuspensions to treat corneal neovascularizationAytekin, ErenGözcü, SefaPolat, Heybet KeremAkşit, HüseyinKarakuyu, Nasıf FatihKurt, NihatSofu, Gülşah UstaAkkaya, Züleyha YalnızTebrizi, BehzatÇalış, SemaPehlivan, Sibel BozdağApigeninCorneal neovascularizationFactorial designNanosuspensionOcular drug deliveryVEGFapigetrininterleukin 6nanocarrierpolyvinyl alcoholsorbitan oleatevasculotropin Aangiogenesisanimal cellanimal experimentanimal modelanimal tissueantiangiogenic activityArticlecaustic burncomparative effectivenessconcentration (parameter)controlled studycornea edemacornea neovascularizationcornea permeabilitycornea stromadown regulationdrug bioavailabilitydrug delivery systemCorneal neovascularization (CV) is a vision-threatening condition characterized by the pathological ingrowth of blood vessels. While corticosteroids and anti-VEGF agents are standard treatments, their prolonged use is associated with significant ocular side effects. This study aimed to develop and optimize nanosuspensions of Apigenin (APG) and Apigenin-7-O-glucoside (APG 7) to enhance their ocular bioavailability and evaluate their efficacy in the treatment of CV. APG and APG 7 were isolated from Petroselinum crispum . Nanosuspensions were formulated using an anti-solvent precipitation method, optimized via a 23 factorial design considering PVA concentration, Span 80 concentration, and homogenization speed. The physical properties, including particle size, PDI, and zeta potential, were characterized. In vivo efficacy was assessed over a 7-day treatment period in an alkali-burn induced rat CV model through clinical scoring, histopathology, and immunohistochemical analysis of VEGFA and IL-6 expression. The optimized APG nanosuspensions exhibited a mean particle size of ∼166.9 nm with high stability. In vivo studies demonstrated that 0.05% APG nanosuspension significantly inhibited corneal angiogenesis, reduced stromal edema, and downregulated VEGFA and IL-6 expression compared to the untreated injury group (p < 0.05). Conversely, APG 7 formulations failed to show significant therapeutic efficacy, likely due to limited corneal permeability attributed to the glycoside moiety. The 0.05% APG nanosuspension presents a promising, non-invasive therapeutic alternative for CV management, offering effective anti-angiogenic activity with improved ocular delivery characteristics. © 2026 Elsevier B.V.Editions de Sante2027Articlehttps://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/ebyu/10152https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2026.1090011773-2247enJournal of Drug Delivery Science and Technologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://ebyu-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/tr/items/ebyu/10152