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Bias-Aware Detection Limits, Calibration Transfer and Matched-Control Robustness Assessment in Dual-Parameter Photonic Refractive-Index and Temperature Sensing: A Coupled Interface-Mode Multilayer Case StudyErtay, Agah OktayErtay, Muhammed Mustafabias-aware detection limitcalibration transferdual-parameter sensingfabrication tolerancematched controlsnonlinear parameter retrievaloptical sensorsprobability of detectionrefractive-index sensingthermo-optic sensingCalibrationMultilayersNonlinear opticsOne dimensionalPhotonic crystalsPhotonic devicesPhotonicsSignal detectionTemperature sensorssilicon dioxideDetection limitsFabrication tolerancesNon-linear parametersOptical-Parameter retrievalRefractive index sensingThermoopticsarticlecase studycontrolled studyDual-parameter photonic sensors are usually reported through a nominal sensitivity and one detection limit, without stating which statistic that limit is or whether it survives transfer between devices. This computational study supplies that evaluation for one structure, a 36-layer one-dimensional multilayer read in transmission, whose Zak-phase-distinct TiO2/SiO2 photonic-crystal sections enclose a 600 nm analyte cavity and a 500 nm thermo-optic reference cavity, each carrying a 5 nm ITO/5 nm TiO2 nanolaminate insert. Two coupled interface resonances at 1517 and 1651 nm, with loaded Q of 232 and 208 and refractive-index (RI) sensitivities of 90.71 and 329.41 nm/RIU, are inverted by a bounded nonlinear calibration to (Formula presented.) RIU and (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) ; the temperature channel reports the device temperature. Probability-of-detection limits at 1% false alarm and 95% detection are (Formula presented.) RIU and (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) ; they are set by the calibration standards and the wavelength reference, not by the linewidth. Transferring one calibration between devices worsens them 81-fold and 203-fold; a three-point per-device correction removes 84–93% of that loss. A trivial control matched on wavelength, Q, transmission, thickness and RI sensitivity shows no topological robustness advantage. Applied to the design itself, the same evaluation shows that the modes are cavity-selected, that hyperbolicity brings no benefit, and that the nanolaminate-free stack is preferred. © 2026 by the authors.Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)2026Articlehttps://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/ebyu/10273https://doi.org/10.3390/s261859551424-8220enSensorsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://ebyu-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/tr/items/ebyu/10273