2026-10-18T23:56:47Zhttps://ebyu-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/oai/requestoai:ebyu-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net:ebyu/122272026-10-18T21:13:21Zopenairedrivercom_ebyu_10000col_ebyu_10001The Novel 5-Fluorouracil Loaded Ruthenium-based Nanocarriers Enhanced Anticancer and Apoptotic Efficiency while Reducing Multidrug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer CellsDanişman-Kalindemirtaş, FerdaneÖzerkan, DilşadKariper, İshak AfşinBulut, Huri5FUApoptosisColorectal cancerCytotoxicityRuthenium-based nanoparticlesAntineoplastic AgentsATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2Cell Line, TumorColorectal NeoplasmsFluorouracilHCT116 CellsHumansNeoplasm ProteinsRutheniumCancer cellsCell cultureDiseasesGene expressionantineoplastic agentbreast cancer resistance proteintumor protein5-fluorouracilCell-beCell/B.ECell/BEColorectal cancer cellCytotoxic effectsMultidrug resistanceNanocarriersRuthenium-based nanoparticleRecently, nanocarriers have been made to eliminate the disadvantages of chemotherapeutic agents by nanocarriers. Nanocarriers show their efficacy through their targeted and controlled release. In this study, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was loaded into ruthenium (Ru)-based nanocarrier (5FU-RuNPs) for the first time to eliminate the disadvantages of 5FU, and its cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on HCT116 colorectal cancer cells were compared with free 5FU. 5FU-RuNPs with a size of approximately 100 nm showed a 2.61-fold higher cytotoxic effect compared to free 5FU. Apoptotic cells were detected by Hoechst/propidium iodide double staining, and the expression levels of BAX/Bcl-2 and p53 proteins, in which apoptosis occurred intrinsically, were revealed. In addition, 5FU-RuNPs was also found to reduce multidrug resistance (MDR) according to BCRP/ABCG2 gene expression levels. When all the results were evaluated, the fact that Ru-based nanocarriers alone did not cause cytotoxicity proved that they were ideal nanocarriers. Moreover, 5FU-RuNPs did not show any significant effect on the cell viability of normal human epithelial cell lines BEAS-2B. Consequently, the 5FU-RuNPs synthesized for the first time may be ideal candidates for cancer treatment because they can minimize the potential drawbacks of free 5FU. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Springer2023Articlehttps://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/ebyu/12227https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-023-03180-91053-0509enJournal of Fluorescenceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://ebyu-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/tr/items/ebyu/12227