Diagnosis and preoperative evaluation in endometrial cancers

Endometrial cancer is a gynecological malignancy that accounts for approximately 7% of new cancer cases and 4% of cancer-related deaths in women. Accurate preoperative evaluation helps surgeons to plan the type and size of the operation. Several studies have shown the prognostic significance of different parameters including lymph node status, histological type of carcinoma (serous carcinoma and clear cell carcinomas are poor prognostic types), histological grade, stage of disease, depth of myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space, and cervical involvement. Knowing the depth of myometrial invasion and the histological grade of endometrial cancer before the operation affects the surgical approach which will be performed. While these data allow patient selection for pelvic or paraaortic lymph node sampling, they may obviate the need for radical surgery in patients at low risk of recurrent disease or comorbidity. This chapter dicusses ultrasonography, endometrial sampling, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, serum cancer antigen 125. © 2022 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.