In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of Zingiber officinale Roscoe ethanolic extract on A2780 ovarian cancer cells

Aim: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of the ethanol extract obtained from Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes (ZRE) against the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial activity was assessed using disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. Anticancer effects were investigated via the XTT cell viability assay. Results: The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus (16,67±0,57 mm, MIC 64 μg/mL) and Candida albicans (18,67±0,57 mm, MIC 64 μg/mL). Strong, concentration-dependent antioxidant activity was detected in both DPPH and ABTS assays. The IC₅₀ values in the A2780 cell line were determined to be 185±12 μg/mL at 24h and 92±8 μg/mL at 48h. Conclusion: ZRE exhibited notable antimicrobial activity, potent antioxidant capacity, and cytotoxic effects. The originality of this study lies in the simultaneous investigation of ZRE’s multifaceted biological activities.