Sormaz, Ümit; Varol, Emre; Özer, Osman; Şimşek, Güntekin

Tourism events play a key role in destination marketing, enhancing regional promotion and increasing visitor inflows. This study investigates the extent to which gastronomy enterprises in Bishkek engage with tourism events. A survey was conducted with 851 enterprise managers. Results reveal strong interest in events abroad and in Bishkek, but limited engagement with other domestic events. Strengthening the quality and frequency of tourism events and fostering sectoral involvement are recommended. This study aims to examine the impact of gastronomy enterprises (GE) managers’ participation in tourism activities on their job satisfaction (JS) and professional expectations (PE), focusing on GE operating in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. A quantitative survey was conducted with 851 GE managers in Bishkek. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from validated scales, and analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multiple regression. Findings revealed that GE managers actively follow tourism events held abroad and in Bishkek but show limited engagement in events across Kyrgyzstan. Regression results indicated that participation in tourism activities significantly affects JS and PE (R² = 0.725, p < 0.001), with a positive correlation between JS and PE (r = 0.221, p < 0.05). This underscores the role of tourism events in enhancing managerial motivation and engagement. Participation in tourism activities contributes positively to GE managers’ JS and PE, highlighting the importance of encouraging greater sectoral involvement in domestic and international events. Integrating tourism activities into human resource and professional development strategies may foster more sustainable and competitive enterprises.

Orhan, Fatih

Eastern Black Sea region, in which Artvin province is located, is one of the areas where transhumance activities are most prevalent. Besides, the activities mentioned in this region have been performed for very long years and have become traditional. One of the indispensable characteristics of transhumance activities is plateau residences with their construction techniques and architectures unique to the region. Although plateau settlements are temporary settlements that are used seasonally, plateau residences are permanent. These residences which widely reflect the cultural and socio-economical structure of the region have been constructed in a plain and natural style probably due to temporary usage. In the research field where forest cover is dense, although wood is mostly used as residence construction material, stone usage is in forefront in some regions. On the other hand there are also many residences where both materials are used together. While wooden shingle usage was widespread before as roof cover, today sheet metal usage is common. Recently the ease of transportation to plateaus and the increase in economic levels of families caused structural change in plateau residences and number of concrete structures increased gradually. This situation which was also triggered by usage for recreation purpose, constitutes a danger threatening traditional transhumance activities as well as future of rural tourism potential of plateaus. Yet the sustainability of transhumance activities which have been continuing for centuries can only be achieved by preservation of traditional structure of plateau residences.