Ergul, Ozlem; Huyut, Mehmet Tahir

Each year, nearly 18 million deaths occur due to cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as hypertension are recognized as major underlying risk factors. The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of ghrelin on the blood lipid profile, LDH, serum and hepatic S100A4 levels, and liver and cardiac histology in a high-fat diet-HFD/ streptozotocin-induced animal model of type 2 DM (T2DM). HbA1c, LDL, cholesterol and triglyceride lev els were significantly increased in the untreated T2DM group compared to controls, whereas HDL and LDH levels were decreased. In the T2DM+Metformin group, LDL, cholesterol, triglyceride and HbA1c levels were reduced, while HDL and LDH levels were increased compared to the T2DM group. In the T2DM+Ghrelin group, LDL levels were significantly increased whereas HDL, cholesterol, triglyceride and HbA1c levels were decreased relative to untreated diabetic animals. Serum and hepatic S100A4 levels were significantly increased in T2DM group, however ghrelin treatmen t significantly reduced hepatic S100A4 levels. Histological evaluation of cardiac tissue in untreated diabetic rats revealed structural irregularities, cardiomyocyte degeneration, reduced cell size, myocardial damage, and lymphatic infiltration. These diab etes-induced myocardial alterations were markedly improved by ghrelin or metformin treatment. In liver tissue, extensive hepatocyte damage, necrosis, and cellular degeneration were observed in the T2DM group, whereas both treatments reduced lymphocytic infiltration and hepatocellular damage. In conclusion, the results indicate that ghrelin may represent a potential therapeutic candidate for attenuating T2DM-related structural cardiac and hepatic damage; however, additional investigations are required to confirm these effects.

Yanmis, Safiye; Turan, Gülcan Bahçecioğlu; Özer, Zülfünaz

The aim of this case-control study is to evaluate whether there is a difference between individuals with hypertension and healthy individuals in terms of orthorexia nervosa and eating attitudes. This case-control study was conducted with hypertension patients (n=218) and healthy individuals (n=226) who met the research criteria in an internal medicine clinic and outpatient clinics of a university hospital between April and June 2021. The data were collected with face-to-face interview method by using ―Descriptive Information Form‖, ―Orthorexia Nervosa-11 (ORTO-11) Scale‖ and ―Eating Attitude Scale (EAT-26)‖. ORTO-11 score of HT patients was found as 26.39±4.96, while ORTO-11 score of healthy individuals was found as 27.58±4.26. EAT-26 score of HT patients was found as 9.87±7.88, while EAT-26 score of healthy individuals was found as 8.31±7.31. Statistically significant difference was found between me an ORTO-11 and EAT-26 scores of groups (p<0.05). Mean scores of 59% of HT patients and 41% of healthy individuals were found to be below ORTO-11 ≤ 27. Mean scores of 14.2% of HT patients and 10.1% of healthy individuals were found to be above EAT-26 ≥20. In the regression analysis, EAT-26 (β=-0.401, p<0.05) variable was found to have a negative and significant effect on ORTO-11. Higher orthorexia and eating disorder risk was found in hypertension patients when compared with healthy individuals. In addition, it was found that abnormal eat ing behaviour caused individuals to show more orthorexia behaviour.

Demir, Murat; Huyut, Zübeyir; Huyut, Mehmet Tahir; Ertaş, Kasım; Aslan, Rahmi; Eryılmaz, Recep; Körpe, Kadir; Kotan, Muhammed; Taken, Kerem

This study aimed whether S100A4 would be useful in predicting Erectile Dysfunction (ED) and ED severity. This prospective study included 88 male volunteers aged 18-80 years. The control group consisted of 44 healthy patients and the diabetic group consisted of 44 patients with type-2 diabetes (T2DM). Age, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension status, International Index of Erectile Function 1-5 scores of all the volunteers were evaluated, and also glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol, testosterone, prolactin and S100A4 levels were measured in the serum samples. The relationships between S100A4 and erectile functions were investigated with appropriate statistical analyzes. The mean age of the T2DM group was 51.98 ±10.91 years, while the control group’s mean age was 53.77 ±12.46 years and there was no significant difference between them (p=0.31). Glucose, HbA1c, mean ED severity and S100A4 levels in the T2DM group were higher than in the control group, while testosterone level was lower than in the control (p≤0.05). In addition, it was found that S100A4 levels increased due to the increase in ED severity in both groups (p<0.001). In addition to ED severity, smoking and hypertension were seen as the factors that most affected S100A4. The results indicated that S100A4 may be a useful biomarker in determining ED and ED severity.

Huyut, Mehmet Tahir; Velichko, Andrei; Belyaev, Maksim; Karaoğlanoğlu, Şebnem; Sertogullarindan, Bunyamin; Demir, Abdussamed Yasin

The high association of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) with mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) remains an important health problem. In this respect, rapid, economical and highly-accurate detection of risk factors for early diagnosis of RVD in patients with PE is expected to greatly benefit the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and contribute significantly to the reduction of mortality. The aim of this study is to identify the most effective features from the PE dataset for RVD diagnosis, using a special-algorithm for the LogNNet reservoir neural-network. The cohort of patients diagnosed with acute PE in the last five years in our hospital was retrospectively analyzed and the data in accordance with our criteria were recorded. A total of 163 patients' data were acces sed and the patients had 20 characteristics. RVD was diagnosed in 27 of these patients. 78-79 years of age was found to be an important threshold for the diagnosis of RVD. The LogNNet model revealed that older age, comorbidities and coronary-heart disease greatly increased the risk of RVD. The model also found that individuals with diabetes and COPD were at higher risk of RVD, while individuals with malignancies were at lower risk of RVD. However, the model found that unilateral-thrombus increased the risk of RVD more than bilateral-thrombus. The risk of RVD is high in PE patients with unilateral-thrombus. In addition, PE patients with comorbidities such as coronary heart disease, diabetes and COPD are at high-risk for RVD and should be followed closely.

Huyut, Mehmet Tahir; Soygüder, Süleyman

The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) epidemic and the measures taken to combat it have adver sely affected the psychological health of societies and individuals. In this study, it was aimed to examine the mult i-relationship structure between some symptoms, demographic characteristics during the infection period of individuals treated for COVID-19 infection and their anxiety/depression levels after discharge. One hundred individuals (n=100) who were treated with the diagnosis of COVID-19 participated in the study. Some symptoms and socio-demographic characteristics of the participants during the infection period were recorded and the Beck anxiety/depression scale was administered to the participants after discharge. Firstly, variables that create multicollinearity were removed from the data set via Explanatory Factor Analysis and the variable was reduced. Then, the independent principal components were determined and their attributes were found. The relationship structure between the features and the anxiety/depression levels of the patients was analyzed by reducing them to two dimensions via Multiple Correspondence Analysis. In this study, patients with chronic renal failure who received oxygen support during the infection process were positively associated with mild/moderate post-infection anxiety. Patients with chronic renal failure were found to have higher depression than those without. Patients with COPD who experienced loss of appetite and fever during the infection were positively associated with moderate to high levels of anxiety and moderate depression. In addition, these i ndividuals received more oxygen support during the treatment process and the depression level of these individual s was higher than the other patients. Our study revealed the multi-relationships structure between some symptoms and features seen during COVID-19 infection and the levels of anxiety/depression post-COVID.

Binici, Orhan; Akyol, Fethi

New techniques for the regional administration of anesthesia are being developed every day. Peripheral nerve blocks affect only minimally a patient’s hemodynamics, and may be the ideal choice in high-risk patients who may be intolerant to even a minor decrease in hemodynamic response. In this case report, the use of a combined sciatic-psoas compartment nerve block for a lower extremity surgery in a high-risk patient with multiple myeloma, acute renal failure and ASA III risk is addressed.

Bayram, Yasemin; Parlak, Mehmet; Aypak, Cenk; Bayram, İrfan; Yılmaz, Deniz; Çıkman, Aytekin

Although the IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase test (IgA anti-tTG) has been recommended as the first step in the diagnosis of celiac disease (CD), there are controversial data about the real accuracy of the test in clinical practice. Therefore we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the IgA anti-tTG in a group of patients who were suspected of having CD. The study was performed at Van Training and Research Hospital, Van-Turkey. Details of patients in whom the IgA anti-tTG was requested from January 2009 to April 2012 were obtained from databases. Duplicate requests were excluded. Histopathologic examination of duodenal biopsies and serologic evaluations were compared. A total of 1614 IgA anti-tTG were requested from different patients. In all, 49.6% of requests were in females and 29.8% from children under the age of sixteen. A total of 192 (11.9%) requests were found to be positive. Duodenal biopsies were performed to 61 (31.8%) of seropositive patients. The overall sensitivity and specificity of IgA antitTG were 93.3% and 9.5%. Our data have revealed that clinicians should be aware of solely relying on the results of the IgA anti-tTG test could result in unnecessary diagnostic procedures and treatments.