DanışmanKalindemi̇rtaş, Ferdane; Kari̇per, İshak Afşin; Özerkan, Dilşad; Kuruca, Dürdane Serap

Objective: The term "triple-negative breast cancer" (TNBC) is used to describe tumours that do not express oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TNBC tends to be more aggressive than other types of breast cancer. Current antineoplastic drugs have limited treatment options for malignant breast cancer owing to their narrow therapeutic index, toxicity, resistance, and nonselectivity. Therefore, there is a need for the prompt development of new medicinal drugs for TNBC. Here, we investigated the growth inhibition potential of carmofur-bonded silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-Car) on two TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and 4T1, and compared the effects with non-cancerous Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Material and Methods: AgNPs-Car were synthesised and characterised by FTIR, DLS, SEM, and EDX. The anticancer effect was evaluated using a 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay. Results: AgNPs-Car was determined to be predominantly more effective than Car alone. Mainly, 4T1 cells were 5.7-fold more sensitive to AgNPs-Car than Car alone. While AgNPs showed no considerable toxicity on HUVECs, they significantly induced the cytotoxicity of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells. Conclusion: Our results showed that AgNPs-Car is a promising anticancer agent due to its highly potent and selective growth inhibitory effect on TNBC cells.

Ergül, Elif; Altinkurt, Emre; Uğurlu, Adem; Çakmak, Semih; Gözüm, Nilüfer

Objective: Comparison of the accuracy of six biometric formulas based on refractive findings using patients' biometric and refractive data before phacoemulsification surgery. Material and Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the data of 65 eyes of 43 patients who underwent phacoemulsification at the Ophthalmology Department of Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine between January 2016 and July 2019. The intraocular lens (IOL) power corresponding to the target refraction value in patients was calculated using the SRK/T formula. The patients' final refraction values were obtained by examinations conducted after the third postoperative month. After implanting IOLs with the same refractive power, target refraction values were calculated using the optical biometry measurements of the patients and the Hoffer Q, T2, Ladas Super Formula (Ladas), Barrett Universal II (BU II), and Hill-RBF formulas. The refractive refraction deviation values between the formulas were compared, as well as the difference between the target refraction values determined by the formulas and the spherical equivalents of the patients' result refractions. Result: The normal age of the 43 patients in the study was 64.65±8.23 (47-86) years. The mean axial length was 23.5±0.7mm (22.01-24.5). The refractive deviation was 0.29±0.29 D with SRK/T, 0.27±0.27 D with T2, 0.3±0.24 D with Hoffer Q, 0.3±0.26 D with Ladas, and 0.33±0.28 D with BU II, and 0.27±0.29 D with Hill-RBF. The refractive deviation percentages of the formulas in the range of -1.00 D to +1.00 D were as follows: 98.5% Hoffer Q and Hill-RBF; 96.9% T2, Ladas, BU II, and SRK/T. In terms of refractive deviation values, there was no statistically significant difference between the formulas (p>0.05). Conclusion: The probability of obtaining the target refractive value with a refractive deviation within ±1 D of the six biometry formulas included in the study is 96.9% and higher. Any of these formulas can be employed safely to compute preoperative IOL power in the eyes of normal length.

Kazgan Kiliçaslan, Aslı; Yildiz, Sevler; Sirlier Emir, Burcu; Kurt, Osman

Objective: This study aimed to examine internalized stigma, perceived social support, and the quality of life and its associations among patients admitted to a forensic psychiatry unit. Material and Method: A total of 97 patients treated at a High Security Forensic Psychiatry Unit were included. A Sociodemographic Data Form, the Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Short Form (WHOQOL) were administered to all patients. Results: The mean ISMI, MSPSS, and WHOQL scores were 74.3±8.4, 38.3±8.4, and 75.9±10.5, respectively. A negative correlation between the total MSPSS and total ISMI scores as well as between total the ISMI and total WHOQOL scores was found; on the other hand, a positive and significant association was determined between the total MSPSS and total WHOQOL scores (p<0.001, r=-0.367; p<0.001, r=-0.550; p<0.001, and r=0.496, respectively). The MSPSS total and sub-scale scores, age, alienation, stereotype endorsement, and perceived discrimination predicted the total WHOQOL score (R2=0.613; Model F=12.242; p<0.001). Conclusion: Forensic psychiatry patients experience internalized stigma and reduced social support. Increasing levels of internalized stigma were associated with progressively lower levels of perceived social support and life quality. Predictors of the quality of life include the perceived social support, stereotype endorsement, discrimination, and alienation. This study sheds some light on factors affecting the quality of life in this relatively under examined group of forensic psychiatry patients.

Kozanoǧlu, Erol; Akalin, Bora Edim; Berköz, Hayri Ömer; Karaali˙, Soner; Mammadova, Nermin; Ak, Erman; Yücel, Ahmet Faruk; Emekli˙, Ufuk

Objective: Patient safety and low complication rates are indispensable in surgical training and models are among the main educational tools. The aim of this study is to assess the efficiency of a novel model for orthognathic mandibular osteotomy. Material and Methods: A template and seventeen partial mandibular models (MM-17) were manufactured with air dried clay. The dimensions of the models were feasible for sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). Model surgery was performed by surgeons with a minimum of three years' experience in orthognathic surgery. Each surgeon operated four separate models and the following data were recorded: corticotomy and SSRO completion time, MM-17 fracture type, similarity value of MM-17 with native mandible, representation value of MM-17, and the training compatibility value of MM-17. Results: The cost was 0.6 American Dollars. The mean corticotomy time was 126.75 seconds (110-150). Mean cortical resistance similarity value was 8.75 (8-10). The mean SSRO time was 288 seconds (205-401). Sixty percent of the fractures were seen in the outer cortex. The mean medullary resistance similarity value was 5 (4-6) and mean mandibular representation value was 5.25 (4-7). The training compatibility value was 8.25 (7-10). Conclusion: Air dried clay demonstrated mechanical similarities with bone cortex and it was used for mandibular modelling for the first time. MM-17 cost less than other devices. Corticotomy and SSRO completion times were short due to the lack of dissection and bleeding. Despite its drawbacks in SSRO, MM- 17 is a versatile and low cost alternative in orthognathic mandibular corticotomy training. High power drill utilization skills may be gained with MM-17 before clinical practice.

Ugurlu, Adem; Altinkurt, Emre; Gözüm, Nilufer; Mumcu Tasli, Nurdan Gamze

Objective: To evaluate the target refractive value before and after surgery in patients who underwent phacoemulsification surgery. Material and Method: Patients diagnosed with cataracts who underwent surgery between January 2015 and March 2017 in the Department of Ophthalmology in Istanbul University's Faculty of Medicine were accepted in this study. The difference between the target refractive value and the resulting refractive value was recorded as a refractive error. Results: 150 eyes of 107 patients were accepted and used in this study. The SRK-T formula was applied to 100 eyes and the SRK-2 formula were applied to 50 eyes. The mean targeted refractive value was -0.21 +/- 0.17 Din the SRK-T formula group and -022 +/- 0.29 D in the SRK-2 formula group. The mean resulting refractive value was -0.19 +/- 0.37 D in the SRK-T formula group and -0.12 +/- 0.77 D in the SRK-2 formula group. The mean refractive error was 0.2 +/- 0.25 D in the SRK-T formula group and 0.51 +/- 0.59 D in the SRK-2 formula group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: The SRK-T formula gave results which were significantly closer to the refractive target than the SRK-2 formula.