Aldemir, M.N.; Kara, A.V.; Mammadov, R.; Yazici, G.N.; Cicek, B.; Yavuzer, B.; Coskun, R.; Sakin, A.; Gulaboglu, M.; Suleyman, H.

Doxorubicin is a widely used anthracycline-derived broad-spectrum antitumoral antibiotic drug. However, cardiotoxicity due to doxorubicin treatment has warranted dose reduction or complete discontinuation in certain cases. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity has been previously demonstrated. Against this background, this study aimed to investigate the protective effect of the potent antioxidant flavone taxifolin against possible oxidative heart damage biochemically and histopathologically induced by doxorubicin. Albino Wistar male rats were divided into three groups: healthy controls (HG), a group given doxorubicin alone (DG), and a group given taxifolin + doxorubicin (TDG). Taxifolin was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg via gavage. Doxorubicin was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg/kg. This procedure was repeated for 7 days. The results of the biochemical experiment showed that taxifolin significantly inhibited doxorubicin-induced malondialdehyde increases and glutathion decreases in heart tissues. In addition, taxifolin significantly suppressed the increases in cardiac damage markers, such as serum troponin I, creatine kinase, and creatine kinase-MB, induced by doxorubicin. Taxifolin treatment has also been histopathologically shown to alleviate doxorubicin-induced heart tissue damage. Accordingly, the results of the present study suggest that taxifolin may be useful in the treatment of doxorubicin-induced oxidative heart damage.

Cebi, K.; Ozyurek, S.

The present study aims to determine the seasonal change of fatty acid composition in pasture period, especially CLA (Conjugated linoleic acid), in the milk of Akkaraman ewe and Hair goat. During the pasture period, 10 Akkaraman ewe and 10 Hair goats were grazed only on pasture without additional feeding. Individual milk samples were obtained from each animal once a month from May to October. Plant samples were again obtained from the pasture once a month. The pasture period displayed effects on the CLA ratio in total milk fat acid in both species. CLA had the highest level of total milk fat acid in both species in May when pasture had the highest PUFA, especially linoleic acid (C18:2n6) and α-linolenic acid (C18:3n3). SFA: UFA ratio reached the highest level in June for Akkaraman sheep and Hair goat. Although the atherogenic index was at the lowest level in September (P≤0.01) in Akkaraman sheep milk, Hair goat milk had the lowest atherogenic index in May (p ≤0.001). All Δ9 desaturase activities in Akkaraman sheep milk (14:1/14, 16:1/16 and 18:1/18) were affected by the pasture period. The findings of the present study indicated a relationship between CLA ratio in the total milk fatty acid and C18:3n3ratio in pasture.

Keskin, A.; Keleş, Ş.

In this study, the formation of and the factors influencing social capital, the link between the rural lifestyle and the social capital were investigated. The levels of the social capital by their dimensions in rural areas were determined. The main material of the study is comprised of the cross sectional data, obtained from surveys conducted with random sampling method in 2016 from the counties and villages outside the Erzurum City Center. In the study, which utilized the Structural Equation Model, LISREL 8.72 software packages were used. The results of the study show that the elements that can be considered as the sources of social capital have become subjects that restrict social mobility and the cooperation instead of having a capitalistic value due to the fact that such elements are not supported by a sufficient and effective tradition of the society. The social capital, with its dimensions can only be realized in rural areas in a strong manner to the extent that the norms as well as ethnic and religion based strong social bonds play a unifying and infusive role instead of being a source of discrimination and marginalization in the society.

Ekinci-Akdemir, F.N.; Gülçin, İ.; Gürsul, C.; Alwasel, S.H.; Bayir, Y.

The antioxidant effect of p-Coumaric acid was evaluated against brain damage induced by cisplatin in rats. In this experimental study, twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups; control, p-Coumaric acid, cisplatin, and p-coumaric acid+cisplatin. Cisplatin was administered intraperitoneally (i.p) in a single dose of 10 mg kg-1. p- Coumaric acid was given in a doses of 100 mg kg−1i.p. for three days. In the cisplatin group, rats were sacrificed under anesthesia after 72 hours administration of cisplatin and brain tissues were removed. To assess the changes in biochemical aspects, activities of superoxide dismutase and level of malondialdehyde, glutathione were measured. An increase on activities of superoxide dismutase and level of glutathione has been observed in the group applied pcoumaric acid+cisplatin when compared with the cisplatin group. Moreover, the p-coumaric acid+cisplatin group had lower level of malondialdehyde compared to that of the cisplatin group. In conclusion, our results indicated that pcoumaric acid can mitigate cisplatin-induced oxidative damage in brain tissue.