Erdogan, Abdullah; Keskin, Ercument; Sambel, Murat; Mertoglu, Cuma

Objective: To evaluate nitric oxide (NO) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in men with premature ejaculation (PE), which is a common condition that adversely affects quality of life. Material and method: Of the 20–50-year old men presenting to the urology clinic, who were married or had regular sexual intercourse, 40 that were diagnosed with lifelong PE according to the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) and intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) measured by a stopwatch were included in the study. The results of the PE group were compared to those of the control group formed with 40 healthy hospital personnel. Venous blood samples were centrifuged and stored at −80 °C. The NO and ADMA values were compared between the individuals with and without PE. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), and The International Erectile Dysfunction Index-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire scores. The NO and ADMA values were significantly lower in the PE group than in the control group (29.76 ±13.26 μmol/L vs. 48.27 ± 22.71 μmol/L; p < 0.001 and 1.01 ± 0.49 nmol/ml vs. 1.83 ± 1.06 nmol/ml; p < 0.001, respectively). There was a significant correlation between IELT and NO levels (r = 0.407, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Our study can contribute to the explanation of the pathophysiology of PE having unclear etiology and treatment. Further studies on these molecules with larger case series are required for the diagnosis and treatment of PE.

Bedir, Fevzi; Kocaturk, Huseyin; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Yazici, Gulce Naz; Suleyman, Zeynep; Suleyman, Halis

Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the protective effect of taxifolin (3,5,7,3,4-pentahydroxy flavanone), a strong antioxidant, against testicular I/R injury in rats biochemically and histopathologically. Materials and methods: 50 mg/kg taxifolin was administered to taxifolin + testicular torsion–detorsion (TTTD, n-10) group of Albino Wistar male rats by oral gavage. Distilled water .5 ml as a solvent was administered to testicular torsion–detorsion (TTD, n-10) and Healthy Control (SG, n-10) groups using the same method. An hour after the administration of taxifolin and distilled water, anaesthesia (ketamine 60 mg/kg) was administered to all animal groups. TTD and TTTD group animals were subjected to testicular torsion at 720 degrees for four hours during anaesthesia. At the end of this period, testicular detorsion was applied and perfusion was allowed for four hours. Sham operation was applied to SG group. Results: Our biochemical experiment results showed that the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) in testicular tissue of TTD group presented a significant increase compared to SG and TTTD groups whereas total glutathione (tGSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels decreased. In addition, while TTD group presented severe histopathological damage in germinal epithelium cell and seminiferous tubule, mild damage was observed in TTTD group. Conclusions: The results of our experiment indicate that taxifolin could be useful in the treatment of testicular I/R damage.

Keskin, Ercument; Erdogan, Abdullah; Suleyman, Halis; Yazici, Gulce Naz; Sunar, Mukadder; Gul, Mehmet Ali

Introduction: This study aimed to biochemically and histopathologically investigate the effect of sunitinib on oxidative testicular damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Material-method: Experimental animals were divided into three groups of six rats each: testicular torsion–detorsion (TTD), sunitinib + testicular torsion–detorsion (STD), and sham control (SC). Sunitinib (25 mg/kg) was administered orally to the STD group by gavage. Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) was administered orally to the TTD and control groups as the solvent. One hour after administration of sunitinib and 0.9% NaCl, all animal groups were done torsion–detorsion. Then, all the rats were killed by high-dose anesthesia, and their testicles were removed. Biochemical and histopathological examinations were performed on the removed testicular tissues. Results: Malondialdehyde; it was observed that the results in the STD group were close to those of the SC group and statistically significant lower compared to the TTD group (p = 0.001). The glutathione values were statistically significantly higher in the STD group compared to the TTD group (p < 0.001). Nuclear factor kappa B values, revealing a statistically significant difference between the TTD and STD groups (p < 0.001). The TNF-α levels were measured and indicating that the results of the STD group were statistically significantly lower than those of the TTD group (p < 0.001). Histopathologically, animal tissues given sunitinib were observed to resemble normal tissues. Conclusion: Sunitinib was shown to prevent histopathological changes in testicular tissue against ischemia/reperfusion damage.

Erdogan, Abdullah; Keskin, Ercument; Sambel, Murat

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) has increased prevalence by age and significantly affects the quality of life of men and their partners. To investigate the relationship between ED and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) values. Materials and method: Between September 2019 and December 2019, a total of 192 individuals comprising those that were admitted to the urology outpatient clinic with ED complaints and healthy volunteers from among hospital staff were prospectively included in the study. The participants were divided into two groups according to the international erectile function index (IIEF-5) as ED group (n = 148) and control group (n = 44). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, smoking status, presence of hypertension, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, total prostate-specific antigen and haematocrit values. Body mass index, fasting blood sugar, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were significantly higher in the ED group (28.5 ± 27.4 kg/m2 vs 26.8 ± 26.5 kg/m2, p = .021, 109.05 ± 49.7 mg/dl vs 93.39 ± 10.2 mg/dl, p < .001, 2.18 ± 1.3 vs 1.74 ± 0.3, p = .031, and 113.7 ± 47 vs 92.4 ± 24.1, p = .004, respectively). The mean RDW values were 13.7 ± 1.1 in the ED group and 13 ± 0.5 in the control group (p < .001). The multivariate analysis revealed PLR [1.02 OR (1–1.04), p = .007] and RDW [2.75 OR (1.56–4.85), p < .001] as independent predictors for an ED diagnosis. Conclusion: Based on the strong relationship between RDW and ED, we consider that RDW may be a new indicator in the diagnosis of ED.

Polat, Eyüp Can; Bozkurt, Ali Seydi; Keskin Cimen, Ferda; Gulaboglu, Mine; Altuner, Durdu

Introduction and objectives: Testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury develops after torsion and following detorsion of the testis. Reactive oxygen species were produced and oxidative damage begins to occur due to I/R process. Nimesulide, which is a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor drug, have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, analgesics and antipyretic effects. We aimed to investigate biochemically and histopathologically effect of nimesulide on testis I/R injury in rats induced by the testicular torsion–detorsion. Material and methods: In this study, 24 albino Wistar male rats were divided into four groups (6 rats in each group): ischemia/reperfusion applied + 50 mg/kg nimesulide administrated (NIM-50), ischemia/reperfusion applied + 100 mg/kg nimesulide administrated (NIM-100), ischemia/reperfusion applied (IR) and Sham surgery (SS) groups. Nimesulide was administered to NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups at the 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses before 2 h applied I/R procedures. The IR group were applied only I/R procedures, no drug treatment was applied. Animals were sacrificed under high dose anesthesia and left testes were extracted. Testes were examined biochemically and histopathologically. Results: Total glutathione (tGSH) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) levels were increased in the NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups compared to IR group. The levels of COX-2, malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were lower in the NIM-50 and NIM-100 groups than in the IR group. Some histopathological changes seen in IR group. This findings were decreased in NIM-50 group and prevented in NIM-100 group. Conclusion: Nimesulide prevented inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that nimesulide may be have a protective effect on testicular I/R injury.

Hirik, Erkan; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Yapanoglu, Turgut; Cimen, Ferda Keskin; Cetin, Nihal; Kurt, Nezahat

Background: It has been reported in the literature that proinflammatory interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is increased in cases of testicular ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage. This information suggests that anakinra, an IL-1β antagonist, may be effective in testicular I/R damage. Objective: In our study, we investigated the effect of anakinra on testicular I/R damage induced in rats with torsion/detorsion. Methods: The 50 mg/kg anakinra + testicular torsion/detorsion (KTD-50) and 100 mg/kg anakinra + testicular torsion/detorsion (KTD-100) groups received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of anakinra, respectively. In turn, the testicular torsion/detorsion (TTD) and sham operation (SOG) groups received a single dose of distilled water as a solvent 1 h before ketamine anaesthesia. After the testes of the TTD, KTD-50 and KTD-100 groups were subjected to torsion and detorsion for 4 h each, the rats were killed with a high-dose anaesthesia, and their testicles were removed and evaluated through biochemical, gene expression and histopathological examinations. The results were evaluated in comparison with those of the SOG group. Results: The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and IL-1β showed significant increases in the TTD group, which underwent torsion/detorsion, compared to the KTD-50, KTD-100 and SOG groups. Conversely, the levels of glutathione (tGSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPO) and glutathione s-transferase (GST) were found to be significantly higher in the KTD-50, KTD-100 and SOG groups than in the TTD group. Conclusion: Anakinra at a 100 mg/kg dose histologically suppressed better oxidative stress and tunica albuginea, germ cell, seminiferous tubule and interstitial damage in the testicular tissue compared to a 50 mg/kg dose. Experimental results indicate that anakinra might be beneficial in the attenuation of testicular I/R damage. © 2017 Asociación Española de Andrología, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva; Antecedentes: Se ha reportado en la literatura que citoquinas interleuquina-1 beta (IL-1β) es mayor en el daño de la isquemia reperfusión testicular (I/R). Esta información sugiere que la anakinra, que es un antagonista IL-1β puede ser eficaz en daño testicular I/R. Objetivo: En nuestro estudio se investigó el efecto de este medicamento en daño testicular I/R inducida en ratas con detorsion/torsión. Métodos: KTD-50 grupo recibido intraperitonealmente (i.p.) inyección de 50 mg/kg y KTD-100 Grupo 100 mg/kg de anakinra, mientras TTD (control) y SOG (sham grupo operación) recibieron una dosis única de agua destilada como solvente, una hora antes de ketamina anestesia. Después de que los testículos de TTD, KTD-50 y KTD-100 grupos fueron sometidas a torsión y detorsion para cuatro por cuatro horas, las ratas fueron asesinados con altas dosis de anestesia, sus testículos fueron extraídos y evaluados a través de la expresión génica, bioquímicas e histopatológicas de exámenes. Los resultados fueron evaluado en comparación con la de SCG grupo. Resultados: Los niveles de MDA, MPO y IL- 1β mostraron incrementos significativos en el grupo TTD/torsión detorsion administrados frente a-50, KTD KTD-100 y SOG grupos. Por el contrario, los niveles de tGSH, GPO y GST resultaron significativamente más altas en KTD-50 KTD-100 y grupos SOG de TTD en grupo. Conclusión: La anakinra en 100 mg/kg dosis mejor histológicamente suprime el estrés oxidativo y la túnica albuginea, células germinales, túbulos seminíferos apretadamente enrollados intersticial y daño en el tejido testicular en comparación con la dosis de 50 mg/kg. Los resultados experimentales indican que la anakinra puede ser beneficiosa en la atenuación de los daños I/R testicular.