Akbas, Emin Murat; Güngör, Adem; Timuroglu, Aysu; Akbaş, Nergis; Ağgül, Hünkar

Hypercalcemia is a common medical problem which has many causes. The most common causes of hypercalcemia are malignant diseases and primary hyperparathyroidism. Additionally granulomatous diseases, medications, endocrinological diseases may cause hypercalcemia. The clinical presentation and prognosis of hypercalcemia is related to the speed of development of hypercalcemia, underlying diseases and the severity of hypercalcemia. Most patients apply with constitutional, gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms or signs and symptoms of renal disorders. In patients with severe hypercalcemia, fast and effective therapy is essential. In this report, we aimed to discuss literature and management of a patient with hypercalcemia who has numerous etiologic factors for hypercalcemia as malign disease, hyperparathyroidism, hypocalciuria, usage of thiazide diuretic and active-inactive vitamin D.

Yılmaz, Mehmet Tuğrul; Delibasi, Ilhan Bahri; Uluğ, Paşa; İsaoğlu, Ünal; Gözükara, İlay; Bilici, Ahmet Erkan; Kabalar, Eşref

Objective : To evaluate hysterectomy procedures performedfor benign conditions in terms of indications and histopath ological results.Method : Retrospective analysis of 258 hysterectomy cases,which were performed between January 2011 and Dece mber 2012, was conducted to review indications and histopathological diagnoses. Results : The most frequent indications for hysterectomywere abnormal uterine bleeding 87, (33,72%), myoma uteri73, (28,29%) and endometrial hyperplasia 67, ( 25,96%),respectively. Other clinical indications were adenomyosis 25,( 9,68%) and uterine prolapse 6, (2,32%). The most commonhistopathological diagnoses reported for hysterectomyspecimens were leiomyoma 83, (32,17%), adenomyosis 78,(30,23%) and endometrial hyperplasia 77 (29,84%), respectively. Endometrial polyp was diagnosed in specimens of 13patients (5,04%). Endometrial atrophy was reported in 7patients ( 2,71%). Cervical histopathology of hysterectomymaterials revealed chronic cervicitis in 54,26% of the patients. Conclusion : Due to the high coincidence of myoma uteri andendometrial hyperplasia, endometrial sampling should beperformed in patients who are being considered for hysterectomy for myoma uteri and also have menometrorrhagia.