Evaluation of risk factors for osteoporosis and osteopenia in male patients aged over 60 years of age; [Altmiş yaş üzeri erkek hastalarda osteoporoz ve osteopeni risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi]

Introduction: Osteoporosis in men is often underdiagnosed and neglected compared to postmenopausal women. Major risk factors should be determined to prevent this disease, which has potential risk of mortality and morbidity for elder men. This study’s purpose was to determine the risk factors for osteoporosis and osteopenia in male patients aged >60 years. Materials and Method: Between January 2015 and June 2017, male patients aged >60 years admitted to our centers who underwent dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were included in this retrospective study. Patients’ age, body mass index, site of residence (village/ city), smoking status, and systemic diseases were examined through our records. Patients were divided into control, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups according to DXA measurements. Serum vitamin D measurements also were evaluated. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine major risk factors for osteoporosis and osteopenia. Results: Compared with the control group, patients in the group categorized as having osteoporosis or osteopenia had a significantly lower body mass index and more commonly resided in the city (p<0.001 and p<0.005, respectively). Serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the osteoporosis and osteopenia groups than in the control group (p=0.001). According to multivariate analysis, insufficient or deficient serum vitamin D levels were determined to be a major risk factor for osteoporosis and osteopenia (p=0.001). Conclusion: According to our results, men aged >60 years with deficient serum vitamin D levels (<20 ng/mL) were six times more likely to have osteopenia and 80 times more likely to have osteoporosis. © 2018 Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved.