Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- ArticleAçık Erişim2026Enhancing pepper resilience to tebucanozole stress: role of copper and Bacillus subtilis microorganisms
Elveren, Müjgan; Osma, Etem; Varol, Tuğçe; Yaman, Mehmet; Öztürk, Halil İbrahim
Background: In this study, 75 and 100 ppm tebuconazole was applied to pepper seedlings and stress was created. Applications containing Bacillus subtilis, copper and Bacillus subtilis-copper combination were made to reduce the effect of stress on plants. Results: In both tebuconazole doses, significant decreases were observed in plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area and dry and fresh weights of plants and roots (63%, 37%, 40%, 45%, 27% and 26% respectively). However, bacteria, copper, and combination applications significantly reduced these negative effects; especially, copper-bacteria combination at 75 ppm (K4) and bacteria-only application at 100 ppm (K6) were the most effective in reducing stress. Tebuconazole applications increased oxidative stress and significant increases were detected in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities. The highest CAT activity was recorded in the group treated with bacteria (K6) under 100 ppm stress, indicating that antioxidant defenses were strengthened. Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids) were decreased by tebuconazole stress but were significantly preserved by bacterial and copper treatments. While EC (electrolyte conductivity) value increased due to stress, bacteria and copper applications had a positive effect by decreasing EC values. While tebuconazole stress disrupted the balance of some elements, mineral levels were rebalanced after ameliorative applications, and increases were determined in important elements such as Mn, Mg and B. According to the correlation analysis, significant positive correlations were determined between growth parameters, pigment contents and antioxidant enzyme activities. Conclusions: As a result, Bacillus subtilis and copper applications provided a decrease in toxicity due to stress and increased antioxidant enzyme activity. In addition, ameliorative applications provided protection in photosynthetic pigments and increased cell membrane integrity. These findings indicate that the use of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and micronutrients such as copper (Cu) at appropriate concentrations may be beneficial as sustainable solutions against fungicide stress.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Understanding genetic diversity and population structure in forage pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.) using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon marker
Işık, Muhammet İslam; Türkoğlu, Aras; Yaman, Mehmet; Haliloğlu, Kamil; Öztürk, Halil İbrahim; Erkol, Şerife; Tan, Mustafa; Bocianowski, Jan
Forage peas are widely utilized as a source of animal feed, and their fresh shoots, fruits, and pods exhibit considerable potential for human consumption. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of 61 Turkish forage pea genotypes using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon markers. A total of 37 highly polymorphic iPBS primers were employed, producing an average of 69 bands per primer and a cumulative total of 2529 bands. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was determined to be 0.345. The results revealed significant genetic diversity within the germplasm, as indicated by diversity indices such as the average effective number of alleles (0.704) and a Shannon’s information index (0.299). Molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) indicated that 74% of the total genetic variation occurred within populations. Population structure analysis identified four distinct subpopulations among the genotypes, with expected heterozygosity values ranging from 0.2404 in the fourth subpopulation to 0.3094 in the second subpopulation, with an overall average of 0.2702. This study represents the first comprehensive investigation of genetic diversity and population structure in forage pea germplasm using the iPBS retrotransposon marker system. The findings highlight the effectiveness of iPBS markers in genetic diversity research and underscore their potential for broader application in the characterization of diverse forage pea collections across different geographic regions.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Influence of nitrate levels on plant growth and carbon and nitrogen metabolism in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under low light stress
Shah, Syed Aizaz Ali; Shi, Yuzi; Nie, Jing; Yao, Xuehui; Guo, Yicong; Ahmad, Muhammad; Shah, Syed Atizaz Ali; Hayat, Faisal; Niamat, Yasmin; Öztürk, Halil İbrahim
Photosynthesis is critically dependent on both adequate light and nitrogen availability. In controlled agricultural environments with limited natural light, cucumber faces substantial challenges, including reduced photosynthetic efficiency and biomass accumulation. Nitrogen (N) is a vital component for the synthesis of various macromolecules, metabolites, and signaling molecules in plants. This study assessed the impact of different nitrate levels (LL-N, LL-1/2N, and LL-2N) on the physiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses of cucumber under low light conditions (80–100 µmol m–2 s–1 photosynthetic photon flux density) in comparison to standard light (400–500 µmol m–2 s–1 photosynthetic photon flux density) and unchanged nitrate. We observed that increasing nitrate levels to twice the standard concentration (LL-2N) significantly enhanced shoot morphology, including weight and size, and improved photosynthetic performance, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rates. In contrast, lower nitrate levels (LL-1/2N) exacerbated stress, leading to diminished photosynthesis and biomass. Biochemical analyses indicated that elevated nitrate concentrations activated key enzymes involved in the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen, including glutamine synthetase, sucrose phosphate synthase, nitrate reductase, and glutamate synthase. This led to improvement in the amounts of sucrose, fructose, soluble sugars, free amino acids, and soluble proteins. Additionally, the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were considerably greater under conditions of increased nitrate, which reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and H2 O2 as oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, enhanced nitrate levels upregulated critical photosynthetic genes (rbcL, rbcS, FBPase, and SBPase mRNA), supporting the RuBisCO contents and overall photosynthetic capacity. These findings underscore the effectiveness of strategic nitrate enrichment in mitigating low light stress, providing essential insights for optimizing cucumber cultivation in controlled environments and improving productivity.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Effects of mammalian sex hormones on in vitro organogenesis of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Haliloğlu, Kamil; Türkoğlu, Aras; Balpınar, Özge; Öztürk, Halil İbrahim; Özkan, Güller; Poczai, Peter
Beans are an important plant species and are one of the most consumed legumes in human nutrition, especially as a protein, vitamin, mineral, and fiber source. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a plant that also has an important role in natural nitrogen fixation. Currently, in vitro regeneration and micropropagation applications are limited in relation to genetic factors in bean Accordingly, there is great need to optimize micropropagation and tissue culture methods of the bean plant. To date, the effect of mammalian sex hormones (MSH) on in vitro conditions in P. vulgaris L. is poorly understood. This study examined the effects of different types of explants (embryo, hypocotyl, plumule, and radicle), MSH type (progesterone, 17 β-estradiol, estrone, and testosterone), and MSH concentration (10−4, 10−6, 10−8 and 10−10 mmol L−1) on the responding explants induction rate (REI), viability of plantlets rate (VPR), shoot proliferation rate (SPR), root proliferation rate (RPR), and callus induction rate (CIR). The effects of mammalian sex hormones, concentrations, explant type, and their interactions were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.01) in all examined parameters. The best explants were embryo and plumule. Our results showed that the highest REI rate (100%) was recorded when 10−10 mmol L−1 of all MSH was applied to MS medium using the plumule explant. The highest VPR (100%) was obtained when 10−10 mmol L−1 of all MSH was applied to MS medium using the plumule explant. The highest root proliferation rates (77.5%) were recorded in MS medium supplemented with 10−8 mmol L−1 17β-estradiol using embryo explant. The highest percentage of shoot-forming explants (100%) generally was obtained from embryo and plumule cultured in the MS culture medium with low MSH concentration. In addition, the highest CIR (100%) was obtained from embryo and plumule explant cultured in MS medium containing 10−10 mmol L−1 of all MSH types. In conclusion, we observed that mammalian sex hormones may be used in bean in vitro culture.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2022Morphological and molecular characterization of some Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes collected from Erzincan Province of Turkey
Öztürk, Halil İbrahim
Background: Turkey is a country with different geographical features and therefore it is extremely diverse in plant diversity. Tomato is one of the most important vegetables produced both in the world and in Turkey. In this study, it was aimed to determine the genetic diversity of 24 tomato genotypes collected from local farmers from “Center villages” and “Üzümlü” district in Erzincan province. Methods and Results: Morphological (qualitative and quantitative) and ISSR(Inter Simple Sequence Repeat)were used to determine genetic diversity among genotypes. Contribution rates of morphological properties to the first three main components differed. Genotype 24 was found to be higher than other genotypes with important quantitative morphological features such as fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight and soluble solid content (SSC). Considering the overall morphological traits, a wide variation was detected between genotypes. Genotypes were divided into 2 main groups according to the evaluation with molecular markers. According to the molecular findings obtained. The polymorphism rate ranged from 0 to 100% and the average polymorphism rate was calculated as 80%. Conclusions: Present findings revealed the diversity in tomato genotypes collected from Erzincan province and may constitute the bases for further breeding studies in tomato and will bring an integrity in tomato identification studies.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2022Morphological and molecular characterization of some pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) genotypes collected from Erzincan province of Turkey
Öztürk, Halil İbrahim; Dönderalp, Veysel; Bulut, Hüseyin; Korkut, Recep
Plant genetic resources constitute the most valuable assets of countries. It is of great importance to determine the genetic variation among these resources and to use the data in breeding studies. To determine the genetic diversity among genotypes of Cucurbita pepo L. species of pumpkin, which is widely grown in Erzincan, 29 different pumpkin genotypes collected were examined based on the morphological parameters and molecular characteristics. SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers were used to determine genetic diversity at the molecular level. The analysis of morphological characterization within genotypes showed a wide variability in morphological traits of plant, flower, fruit, and leaf. In the evaluation performed using SSR markers, all primers exhibited polymorphism rate of %100. Seven SSR markers yielded a total of 15 polymorphic bands, the number of alleles per marker ranged from 2 to 3, and the mean number of alleles was 2.14. Polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.06 (GMT-M61) to 0.247 (GMT-P41), and the mean PIC value per marker was 0.152. Cluster analysis using Nei's genetic distance determined that 29 genotypes were divided into 4 major groups. The present findings have revealed the genetic diversity among pumpkin genotypes collected from Erzincan province and may form the basis for further breeding studies in pumpkin.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2022Investigation of genetic diversity of squash (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne) genotypes collected from Erzincan in Turkey
Bulut, Hüseyin; Öztürk, Halil İbrahim; Dönderalp, Veysel; Korkut, Recep; Dursun, Atilla
Plant genetic resources constitute the most valuable assets of countries. It is of great importance to determine the genetic variation among these resources and to use the data in breeding studies. Cucurbita maxima species in the Cucurbitaceae family have high genetic diversity, but molecular genetic diversity studies of this species are insufficient in Turkey. To determine the genetic diversity among genotypes of Cucurbita maxima species of squash, which is widely grown in Erzincan, 14 different squash genotypes collected were examined based on the morphological parameters and molecular characteristics. According to the evaluated morphological characteristics, we can say that genotype 5 should be evaluated in breeding programs. In addition, in crossbreeding studies, the heterosis feature is more successful in types with a long genetic distance. In the study, the longest genetic distance was found between genotypes 5 and 48. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to determine genetic diversity at the molecular level. The analysis of morphological characterization within genotypes showed a wide variability in morphological traits of plant, flower, fruit, and leaf. Seven SSR markers yielded a total of 23 polymorphic bands, the number of alleles per marker ranged from 2 to 5, and the mean number of alleles was 3.286. Polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.00 (GMT-M61) to 0.202 (GMT-P25), and the mean PIC value per marker was 0.130. Cluster analysis using Nei's genetic distance determined that 14 genotypes were divided into 3 major groups.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2022Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) and copper (II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticle ameliorates DNA damage and DNA Methylation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to NaCl stress
Hosseinpour, Arash; Ilhan, Emre; Özkan, Güller; Öztürk, Halil İbrahim; Haliloglu, Kamil; Cinisli, Kağan Tolga
Wheat is the second important cereal crop worldwide due to nutritional composition and role in meeting daily energy needs. Salinity is an abiotic stress factor that restricts crop productivity through influencing plant growth and development in arid and semi-arid regions. Nanomaterials and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPBs) can be used in many different areas of agriculture for different purposes. In this study, changes in cytosine methylation and DNA damage levels in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to salt stress (250 mM NaCl) were determined and possible preventive effects of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (0, 50 and 100 mg/L; CuO-Nps > 100 nm) and plant growth promoting bacteria (no bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei, Bacillus pumilis; PGPBs) treatments were investigated. Changes in cytosine methylation were analyzed by Coupled Restriction Enzyme Digestion-iPBS (CRED-iPBS) and genotoxic influences and genomic stability was analyzed with the aid of inter-primer binding site (iPBS) primers. Application of 250 mM NaCl remarkably increased polymorphism rate of iPBS profile. Besides, relieve effect of PGPBs with CuO-NPs was observed against adverse effect of 250 mM NaCl stress. The genomic template stability values clearly increased with PGPBs with CuO-NPs treatments, particularly Lactobacillus casei with 100 mg/L of CuO-Nps. In addition, DNA hypo-methylation was observed in all treatments. As a conclusion, PGPBs with CuO-NPs treatments showed a strong anti-genotoxic effect against NaCl stress and they could be used as an alternative molecule to alleviate genetic impairment in wheat under NaCl stress.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2020Genetic diversity of pinto and fresh bean (Phaseolus vulgaris l.) germplasm collected from erzincan province of Turkey by inter-primer binding site (ipbs) retrotransposon markers
Öztürk, Halil İbrahim; Dursun, Atilla; Hosseinpour, Arash; Haliloğlu, Kamil
In this study, genetic diversity among 71 bean genotypes (41 pinto beans and 30 fresh bean genotypes) and 4 commercial cultivars (Aleyna, Gina, Perolar, and Serra) commonly grown at Erzincan province in Turkey were investigated. The iPBS (inter-primer binding site) markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity of the genotypes. Polymorphism ratio was identified as 100% in all primers. Twenty-seven primers were studied and number of alleles in primers varied between 13–69 (with an average value of 37.14). According to cluster analysis based on iPBS data, genotypes were divided into 2 groups. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values varied between 0.19 (iPBS 2077) and 0.42 (iPBS 2381, iPBS 2385, and iPBS 2389) with an average PIC value of 0.33. According to genetic structure analysis, genotypes were divided into 2 subpopulations. Majority of the genotypes of the regions from where beans were collected were placed in the same groups.
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