Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- ArticleAçık Erişim2026Aircraft sequencing and passenger flow optimization: Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen Airport; [Uçuş sıralaması ve yolcu akışı optimizasyonu: İstanbul Sabiha Gökçen havalimanı]
Demirel, Soner
This study presents a model that combines aircraft sequencing and passenger transfer dynamics to analyze the transfer process in terms of delay and how air-to-air and air-to-train transfer passengers reach stations and gates. The model considers real-world factors such as distances inside the terminal, walking times depending on baggage and gender, and waiting times at bus/metro stations. The research includes identifying the flights with the highest number of transfer passengers and conducting the analysis by giving priority to the busiest five aircraft. Individual behaviors of passengers, such as baggage and walking times, are also included in the optimization framework. When the differences between the models are analyzed, passengers' early arrival times at transfer points vary 0-5 minutes. Although this is important, no statistical difference was found. The analysis shows that Model 3 (43%) is superior to the others. While Model 2 reached an average delay of 1,066 seconds, Model 3 produced a delay of 185 seconds. Model 1 and 3 have similar performance. The combination of aircraft sequencing and transfer dynamics is the original contribution of the model. In addition, by including passenger-specific factors and operational constraints in the model, it becomes possible to offer more realistic and practical solutions.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - Conference ObjectYalnız künye2026Traffic Flow Optimization in TMAs: Modeling and User Interface Implementation
Demirel, Soner; Socha, V.; Hanakova, L.
This study aims to manage air traffic flow in the terminal maneuvering area (TMA) of Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen Airport by generating delay-based solutions. For this purpose, a mixed-integer mathematical modeling technique is used. The model is integrated into a graphical user interface that includes two modules: Generic Data and Real Data. In this way, planning air traffic controllers can gain foresight into the traffic flow within the TMA by using parameters derived from the traffic outside the TMA. Through the Generic Data module, preliminary runs with different traffic mixes allow researchers to observe the outcomes of various scenarios, while the Real Data module provides both planning support and delay-based recommendations for controllers. The interface includes a Gantt chart, a heatmap visualizing delays between waypoints, the frequency of radio usage by air traffic controllers for solutions, emission-related graphs and tables presenting statistics such as flight durations of aircraft within the TMA. By using the model and the interface, traffic flow can be managed optimally with the objective of minimizing delays. At the same time, the user-friendly interface offers visual references and can serve as an easy-To-use assistant for planning controllers.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - Conference ObjectYalnız künye2026Hotspot Capacity-Driven Scheduling Strategies for Reducing Airborne Delays in TMAs
Demirel, Soner; Socha, V.; Hanakova, L.
This paper investigates the reduction of airborne delays in Terminal Maneuvering Areas (TMAs) through departure time adjustments based on hotspot levels at origin airports. While existing studies primarily focus on reducing airborne delays to support environmentally sustainable airport operations, this research proposes shifting such delays to the ground within the predefined capacity limits of critical areas (hotspots) at destination airports. Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen International Airport (LTFJ), its associated TMA routes and Point Merge System (PMS) were selected as the case study. Four virtual origin airports were defined for analysis. The proposed model represents hotspot locations (gates, taxiways, and runway holding positions) as virtual nodes with predefined congestion levels (low, medium, and high). The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming model and solved using the CPLEX solver. The model achieves computational efficiency within reasonable solution times. Under the implementability bound in Eq. (31), the model reduces average airborne delay from 1552 s to 931.2 s and it corresponds to a 40 percent reduction within the prescribed acceptability band. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the proposed methods align with existing literature by enhancing delay management through realistic modeling at hotspot points.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Optimizing Aircraft Operations in Case of Increasing Demand for Limited Airport Capacity
Demirel, Soner; Çınar, Ertan
The purpose of this paper is to minimize the total difference between the requested and assigned departure time of aircraft to enhance the efficiency of using limited airport capacity. The mathematical model was formed by employing mixed integer linear programming. The parameters, decision variables, and constraints were defined to cover the problem. The baseline and alternative scenarios were compared to present the improved results. Sensitivity analysis was performed to test the ability of the model with different parameters. Also, in order to test the mathematical model, distinct from both the baseline and alternative scenarios, CHQ airport was based by using its number of parking positions and taxi-in/out durations in the sensitivity analysis. The proposed model reduced the total difference by 20.78% for 30 aircraft for 5 parking positions in the alternative scenario. The results showed that it may well serve to improve the imbalance regarding operational conditions.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2023Determining the Key Factors Affecting Pseudo-Pilot Workload Based on Real-Time Simulations
Özdemir, Mustafa; Dönmez, Kadir; Demirel, Soner
Pseudo-pilots work in real-time simulations in air traffic control training and carry out an important task to ensure appropriate training for the trainee controllers. They are in constant communication with controllers during the training and are responsible for fulfilling the instructions given by the controllers. Unlike real operations, pseudo-pilots are required to monitor many aircraft simultaneously on the simulator’s radar screen and perform various interventions. This situation can be challenging, and the impact of such situations on their workload is usually neglected. In the literature, various studies have revealed the factors affecting controller workload; however, the factors affecting the workload of pseudo-pilots have not been emphasized. In this study, statistical analyses were carried out using the data obtained from real-time simulations and NASA-TLX surveys. As a result, the number of aircraft, controller performance, and the interruption duration were determined as the key factors that affect the overall workload of pseudo-pilots.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2022The omnidirectional runway with infinite heading as a futuristic runway concept for future free route airspace operations
Aydoğan, Emre; Demirel, Soner
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to create and analyze the effectiveness of a new runway system, which is totally created for the future free route operations. Design/methodology/approach: This paper researches and analyses the new generated runway concept with the fast time simulation method. Fuel consumption and environmental effect of the new runway system are calculated based on simulation results. Findings: According to different traffic density analyses the Omnidirectional Runway with Infinite Heading (ORIH) reduced fuel consumption and CO2 emissions up to 46.97%. Also the total emissions of the ORIH concept, for the hydro carbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) pollutants were lower than the total emissions with the conventional runway up to 83.13, 74.36 and 51.49%, respectively. Practical implications: Free route airspaces bring many advantages to air traffic management and airline operations. Direct routes become available from airport to airport thanks to free route airspace concept. However, conventional single runway structure does not allow aircraft operations for every direction. The landing and take-off operations of a conventional airport with a single runway must be executed with only two heading direction. This limitation brings a bottleneck direct approach and departure route usage as convenient with free route airspace concept. This paper suggests and analyzes the omnidirectional runway with infinite heading (ORIH) as a solution for free route airspace. Originality/value: This paper suggests a new and futuristic runway design and operation for the free route operations. This paper has its originality from the suggested and newly created runway system.
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