Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- Review ArticleAçık Erişim2025A comprehensive review of fermentation technologies in food processing: from traditional to cutting edge
Singh, Pragati; Arya, Niharika; Sharma, Shalini; Sharma, Ankita; Rasane, Prasad; Gaur, Supriya Singh; Kaur, Sawinder; Gunjal, Mahendra; Kiliçgün, Hasan; Singh, Jyoti
Fermentation technologies play crucial roles in food processing, offering various advantages, including enhanced flavor profiles, extended shelf life, and improved nutritional qualities. This paper provides a comprehensive overview on the major types of fermentation as well as effects of various factors such as substrate composition, temperature, pH, oxygen availability, and microbial strain selection on the process. Despite its widespread application, traditional fermentation processes face limitations related to yield optimization, contamination risks, and process consistency. Recent advancements have significantly enhanced fermentation efficiency, product quality, and scalability, ultimately expanding the applications beyond food and beverage production into pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, biofuels, and waste valorization. Furthermore, the emerging role of fermentation in health—such as its neuroprotective functions—is also discussed. This review critically examines the current state, challenges, and future of fermentation technologies, offering insights into their potential impact across health, industrial, and environmental sectors.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Impact of particle size on physical and functional characteristics of baby corn powder
Akbar, Ubaida; Rasane, Prasad; Mondol, Md Sabir Ahmed; Singh, Jyoti; Nanda, Vikas; Kiliçgün, Hasan; Kaur, Sawinder
This study’s objective is to explore the influence of particle size on the characteristics and functionalities of baby corn powder. In food product development and application, particle properties are crucial. Sieve analysis using a series of standardized sieves determined the particle size distribution, ranging from >500 µm to 53 µm. The particles exhibited stability, with an average size of 208.8 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.133, and a zeta potential of –20 mV. Bulk density (BD) and true density (TD) showed an inverse relationship with particle size, with BD ranging from 0.552 to 0.238 gcm–3 for particle sizes >500 to 53 µm, respectively. The Carr index and Hausner ratio indicated better flowability in particles up to 300 µm. Principal component analysis revealed that the first principal component accounted for 90.1% of the variance, highlighting phenolic content as a key factor. Parameters clustered into four groups: Group I (emulsion stability, fiber %, moisture %, and fat %), Group II (BD, foaming stability (FS), carbohydrate %, and oil absorption capacity (OAC)), Group III (protein %, ferric reducing antioxidant power, flavonoid content, and total soluble sugars), and Group IV (iron, calcium, phenol, magnesium, phosphorus, and 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activity). Correlation analysis showed strong positive relationships between antioxidant activities and phenolic (+0.99) and flavonoid content (+0.93), with negative correlations to carbohydrates (–0.89). Additionally, FS positively correlated with OAC (+0.78), while BD and TD correlated positively with the angle of repose (+ 0.97) and negatively with the Carr index and Hausner ratio (–0.98). Clustering identified three distinct particle size groups: Group I (>500 µm, 500 µm, and 420 µm), Group II (300 µm), and Group III (150 µm, 75 µm, and 53 µm), with Group II showing unique biochemical and technofunctional properties.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Physicochemical, bioactive, microbial, and sensory characteristics of homemade vinegar produced with a local apple variety using a traditional method
Kiliçgün, Hasan; Yangilar, Filiz
Apple is one of the most widely grown fruits in the world and can be found fresh in the market throughout the whole year due to its excellent storage ability. In addition to fresh consumption, apples are processed into a variety of products including fruit juice, vinegar, jams, and pies. In this study, the bioactive contents and microbial, physicochemical, and sensory properties of seven vinegars traditionally produced using a local apple variety, Kara Sakı, with different yeast materials (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, chickpea, buckwheat, barley, whey, natural home apple vinegar, and commercial apple cider vinegar) were assessed. The results indicated significant differences among vinegar samples for dry matter, ash, pH, total acidity, degrees Brix, alcohol, viscosity, total sugar, and color values. The total antioxidant capacity (DPPH assay as %), total polyphenolic contents, and total flavonoid contents of the seven apple vinegars were in range of 29.17%–82.64%, 44.45–470.30 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 mL, and 34.82–81.02 mg quercetin equivalent/100 mL, respectively. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, mold and yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria counts ranged from 2.62 to 5.53 log CFU/mL, 1.0 to 3.4 log CFU/mL, 1.01 to 3.85 log CFU/mL, and 1.35 to 4.48 log CFU/mL, respectively. The sensory evaluation results showed that the panelists preferred the commercial, natural, and chickpea vinegars the most. The findings suggest that the use of traditional processes for the production of fruit vinegars is promising in terms of producing differentiated vinegars and obtaining high levels of human health-promoting contents.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2019A possible interaction o TIMP-1 and TSP-1 with familial mediterranean fever
Yildirim, Malik Ejder; Kurtulgan, Hande Kucuk; Kiliçgün, Hasan; Bakir, Deniz; Ersan, Sepil
Aim: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may influence many biological and pathological processes including inflammatory responses. Thrombospondins (TSP) are a glycoprotein group of the extracellular matrix. In this study, we aimed to investigate a possible association of TIMP-1 (an inhibitor of metalloproteinases) and TSP-1 (an adhesive protein involved in cell-matrix interactions) with familial Mediterranean fever. Material and Method: Thirty FMF patients who had compound heterozygous or homozygous MEFV mutations and thirty healthy controls were included in this study. The patients were selected after screening by reverse hybridization procedure. TIMP-1 and TSP-1 levels of the patients and controls were measured by ELIZA. Results: TIMP-1 and TSP-1 levels of the patients who had homozygous or compound heterozygous MEFV mutation were compared with 30 healthy controls. The levels of TIMP-1 in the patients were statistically higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the patients and controls in terms of TSP-1 levels (p = 0.84). Discussion: IL-1 beta has an important role in FMF disease and it may stimulate expression of TIMP-1. TIMP-1 levels are increased in FMF patients on the basis of inflammation and higher TIMP-1 levels in patients may be associated with the self-limited nature of FMF. TSP-1 level can be modulated by proinflammatory cytokines but there was no any significant difference between TSP-1 levels of FMF patients and the control group in our study. It can be thought that there is no interaction between TSP-1 and the pathogenesis of FMF.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2018A case of weill-marchesani syndrome with a novel mutation and vitamin d deficiency
Yildirim, Malik Ejder; Vural, Ayse; Kurtulgan, Hande Kucuk; Kiliçgün, Hasan; Baser, Burak
Weill-Marchesani syndrome is an inherited connective tissue disorder. It is characterized by various ocular abnormalities and some skeletal problems. It is rarely seen in the world, but the clinical complications are significant and may require some interventions such as eye surgery, physical therapy or orthopedic procedures. Here we report on an eleven year old female with glaucoma, ectopia lentis, microspherophakia, brachydactyly and vitamin D deficiency from Sivas, Turkey. She was suffering from Weill-Marchesani syndrome with ADAMTS10 mutation.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2016Xanthine oxidase, adenosine deaminase and vitamin e levels in patients with schizophrenia; [Şizofreni hastalarında ksantin oksidaz, adenozin deaminaz ve E vitamini düzeyleri]
Kiliçgün, Hasan; Erşan, Etem Erdal; Bakir, Sevtap; Erşan, Serpil; Koç, Derya; Demirpençe, Özlem; Doğan, Kübra
Objective: Neuronal damage caused by free radicals is believed to be effective in pathogenesis of several psychi-atric disorders. This belief is due to the toxic effects of free radicals that play a role in oxidative stress. Considering that the brain is one of the most sensitive organs to the oxidative damage, the importance of oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders will become more apparent. Additionally, high oxygen use in the brain, and its structure rich in lipid, which is one of the most sensitive molecules to the free radical damage, and its having the average antioxi-dant system yield support oxidative stress theory in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to determine xanthine oxidase (XO), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and vitamins E levels in patients with schizophrenia and control groups, and to investigate the relationship between schizophrenia and the parameters by comparing the measured parameters with each other. Methods: Our study sample included 30 patients diagnosed with schizo-phrenia. The control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers matched by sex with similar age and smoking habits. In the patient group and the control group, adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, and vitamin E were measured manually using spectrophotometric methods. Results: Serum xanthine oxidase levels in the schizophrenic group were significantly higher than the control group levels. Serum vitamin E and adenosine deaminase levels in the schizophrenia group were significantly lower than the levels of the control group. Discussion and Conclusion: The fact that mechanism of schizophrenia pathogenesis which has a wide variety of clinical symptoms and a dis-ease process is yet to be elucidated reveals the importance of this kind of studies. In this study, low levels of antioxidant vitamin E and adenosine deaminase, and high levels of xanthine oxidase suggest that oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Therefore, we believe that further research with larger sample groups should be conducted.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2016Role of MTHFR gene polymorphisms, serum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, thymus chemokine-1 and thrombospondin-1 in endometrial cancer
Yildirim, Malik Ejder; Kiliçgün, Hasan; Kurtulgan, Hande Küçük; Karakus, Savas; Ersan, Serpil; Bakir, Sevtap; Sezgin, Ilhan
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the MTHFR gene variants (677 C→T and 1298 A→C), serum tissue metalloproteinases inhibitor (TIMP-1), thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), thymus chemokine-1 (TCK-1) levels and endometrial cancer. Sixty women were chosen from endometrial cancer patients and fifty-six women without any systemic disease were included as the control group. MTHFR C677T and A1298C MTHFR polymorphisms and their allele frequencies were evaluated with strip assay (Reverse hybridization method). Serum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, thymus chemokine-1, and thrombospondin-1 levels were measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of MTHFR C677T polymorphism were not associated with endometrial cancer (P > 0.05). But, genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism were strongly associated with endometrial cancer (P = 0.047 and P = 0.024). On the other hand, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, thrombospondin-1, and thymus chemokine-1 levels were strongly associated with endometrial cancer (P = 0.001, P = 0.02, and P = 0.001 respectively). These results indicate that genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, thrombospondin-1 and thymus chemokine-1 may be the prognostic markers in endometrial carcinoma.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2016Dose-dependent Medicinal Effects of Thymus haussknechtii Velen Grown Wild in Turkey
Kiliçgün, Hasan; Korkmaz, Mustafa
In this study, it was aimed to determine dose-dependent interactions between phenolic contents and antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal effect mechanisms of the infusions of Thymus haussknechtii Velen, naturally grown in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Therefore, the infusions of Thymus haussknechtii were tested and the interactions between phenolic contents and antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal effect mechanisms were determined by way of different antioxidant, antibacterial and antioxidant test systems. The concentrations of Thymus haussknechtii showed strong hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and free radical scavenging activity [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) % inhibition]. Also, it was seen that Thymus haussknechtii infusions possessed strong antibacterial and antifungal activity against different gram negative and positive bacteria and fungi. In this study, positive correlations between antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal potency and the total phenolic content of Thymus haussknechtii were found. When the concentration differences were examined, it was seen that concentrations of 4% had the most strong antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activity. As a result, Thymus haussknechtii can be reliable antioxidant, antibacterial antifungal substance at concentrations of 4% when it is used as a supplement to therapeutic regimens and for medicinal purposes.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2015Identification of longevity, fertility and growth-promoting properties of pomegranate in Caenorhabditis elegans
Kiliçgün, Hasan; Arda, Nazli; Uçar, Evren
Background: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is commonly consumed as fresh fruit and fruit juice. It is also used in the production of jam, wine, food coloring agent, and flavor enhancer. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the possible longevity, fertility and growth promoting properties of different ethanolic extract concentrations of pomegranate in Caenorhabditis elegans, which is increasingly popular and has proven to be a very useful experimental model organism for aging studies as well as for testing antioxidants and other compounds for effects on longevity. Materials and Methods: In this study, five experimental groups (20, 10, 5, 2.5 and 1.25 mg pomegranate extract/mL and one control group) were used to determine the most effective dose of pomegranate in terms of longevity, fertility and growth parameters. Results: It was seen that, pomegranate extracts up to the concentration of 5 mg/mL, had the potential to promote for the longevity, formation of new generations, fertility of new generations and growth properties of C. elegans although higher concentrations significantly reduced these parameters. Conclusion: these findings indicated that pomegranate could be used as a supplement to enhance longevity, fertility and growth rate for the other living organisms and human beings, but the dose should be carefully adjusted to avoid adverse effects.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2013The comparative effects of genetically modified maize and conventional maize on rats; [Genetik olarak deǧiştirilmiş mısır ve konvensiyonel mısırın sıçanlardaki etkilerinin karşılaştırılması]
Kiliçgün, Hasan; Gürsul, Cebrail; Sunar, Mukadder; Gökşen, Gülden
Aim: Genetically modified crops have a potential to solve many of the world's nutrition problems. On the other hand, the impact of these novel crops on environmental, animal and human health should be tested and their risk assessment is required. In this study, the aim of this study was to investigate the positive or possible negative effects of genetically modified maize on offspring rats which were between the start of dry food feeding and the time interval until they reached puberty. Material and Method: Thirty Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The rats were fed with transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis maize and conventional maize during 40 days. After the experimental period, the length, height and weight of organs and serum chemistry and hematology values were measured. Results: The length, height and weight of liver, spleen, lung and kidneys in Bacillus thuringiensis maize group of rats were different from those in control and conventional groups. When mean values of serum chemistry and hematology parameters, which were glucose, urea, total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chlorine were examined, some obvious differences were found between the rats fed with transgenic maize and its conventional counterpart and control groups. Discussion: The results of this study showed that Bacillus thuringiensis maize may not only have an effect on the length, height and weight of organs of the maturing term of rats but also lead to alterations in serum chemistry and hematology values.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2012Life span effects of Hypericum perforatum extracts on Caenorhabditis elegans under heat stress
Kiliçgün, Hasan; Göksen, Gülden
Background: The beneficial effects of antioxidants in plants are mainly extrapolated from in vitro studies or short-term dietary supplementation studies. Due to cost and duration, relatively little is known about whether dietary antioxidants are beneficial in whole animals′ life span or not. Materials and Methods: To address this question, under heat stress (35°C), Hypericum perforatum was extracted with petroleum ether and the nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to three different extract concentrations (1mg/mL, 0.1mg/mL, 0.01mg/mL) of H. perforatum. Results: We report that Hypericum perforatum extracts did not increase life span and slow aging related increase in C. elegans. Moreover, one fraction (1mg/mL) increased declines of C. elegans life span and thermotolerance. Conclusion: Given this mounting evidence for life span role of H. perforatum in the presence of heat stress in vivo, the question whether H. perforatum acts as a prooxidant or an antioxidant in vivo under heat stress arises.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2011Investigation of the protective effects of vitamin C, Iron and desferrioxamine on heat stress resistance in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans
Kiliçgün, Hasan; Olgun, Abdullah; Köksal, Zeynep
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Vitamin C (Vit. C), iron, the iron chelating agent desferrioxamine (DF) and their most effective dose combinations on thermotolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Due to the fact that studies on aging and lifespan take long time, thermotolerance was used as a first step analysis for using the time more effectively. The data of this study showed that when compared with the control group, the use of vitamin C, DF and iron alone or their combinations were associated with an increase in the survival of C. elegans under heat shock. However, the treatment with DF and its combinations resulted in a survival rate significantly higher than the other combinations. The results of our study suggested that under conditions of heat stress, treatment of DF has the most significant beneficial effect on survival of C. elegans, suggesting some possible pleiotropic mechanisms other than iron chelation.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2009In vitro Antioxidant Effect of Rosa canina in Different Antioxidant Test Systems
Kiliçgün, Hasan; Dehen, Altiner
Rosa canina L. has been used since ancient times as a natural product and believed to be safe and almost without side effects. It can be administered easily for some diseases. The actual dose of Rosa canina being consumed is often variable, unpredictable or simply unknown. Therefore, in this study, five different (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 8%) concentrations of Rosa canina infusions were used to determine the optimum antioxidant dose of Rosa canina by using different in vitro test systems. Our results suggest that Rosa canina has the potential to be used as an antioxidant substance at 3% concentration. Therefore, it can be suitable to achieve this concentration at tissue level when used as a supplement to therapeutic regimens and for healthy living.
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