Erzincan Binali Yıldırım ÜniversitesiErzincan Binali Yıldırım ÜniversitesiAçık Erişim Arşivi · RDL Open

Characterizing the initial state and dynamical evolution in XeXe and PbPb collisions using multiparticle cumulants

ArticleAçık Erişim

Özet

For the first time, correlations among mixed-order moments of two or three flow harmonics —(vnk,vml) and (vnk,vml,vpq), with k, l , and q denoting the respective orders—are measured in xenon–xenon (XeXe) collisions and compared with lead–lead (PbPb) results, providing a novel probe of collective behavior in heavy ion collisions. These measurements compare a nearly spherical, doubly-magic 208Pb nucleus to a triaxially deformed 129Xe nucleus, emphasizing the sensitivity to initial-state geometry fluctuations arising from nuclear deformation. The dependence of these results (vn , n=2,3,4) on the shape and size of the nuclear overlap region is studied. Comparisons between v 2, v 3, and v 4 demonstrate the importance of v 3 and v 4 in exploring the nonlinear hydrodynamic response of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) to the initial spatial anisotropy. The results constrain initial-state model parameters that influence the evolution of the QGP. The CMS detector was used to collect XeXe and PbPb data at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of SNN=5.44 and 5.36 TeV, respectively. Correlations are extracted using multiparticle mixed-harmonic cumulants (up to eight-particle cumulants) with charged particles in the pseudorapidity range | η | ' 2.4 and transverse momentum range 0.5 ' pT ' 3 GeV/c. © 2026 The Authors.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CMSFlowHeavy ionQGPSystem size
RDL Kalıcı Bağlantı (PID)
https://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/ebyu/10184Resmi atıflarda kullanılan kalıcı adres
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AlanDeğerDil
dc.contributor.authorHayrapetyan, A.
dc.contributor.authorMakarenko, V.
dc.contributor.authorTumasyan, A.
dc.contributor.authorAdam, W.
dc.contributor.authorAndrejkovic, J.W.
dc.contributor.authorBenato, L.
dc.contributor.authorBergauer, T.
dc.contributor.authorDragicevic, M.
dc.contributor.authorGiordano, C.
dc.contributor.authorHussain, P.S.
dc.contributor.authorJeitler, M.
dc.contributor.authorKrammer, N.
dc.contributor.authorLi, A.
dc.contributor.authorLiko, D.
dc.contributor.authorMikulec, I.
dc.contributor.authorSchieck, J.
dc.contributor.authorSchöfbeck, R.
dc.contributor.authorSchwarz, D.
dc.contributor.authorShooshtari, M.
dc.contributor.authorSonawane, M.
dc.contributor.authorWaltenberger, W.
dc.contributor.authorWulz, C.-E.
dc.contributor.authorJanssen, T.
dc.contributor.authorKwon, H.
dc.contributor.authorOcampo Henao, D.
dc.contributor.authorVan Laer, T.
dc.contributor.authorVan Mechelen, P.
dc.contributor.authorBierkens, J.
dc.contributor.authorBreugelmans, N.
dc.contributor.authorD’Hondt, J.
dc.contributor.authorDansana, S.
dc.contributor.authorDe Moor, A.
dc.contributor.authorDelcourt, M.
dc.contributor.authorHeyen, F.
dc.contributor.authorHong, Y.
dc.contributor.authorKashko, P.
dc.contributor.authorLowette, S.
dc.contributor.authorMakarenko, I.
dc.contributor.authorMüller, D.
dc.contributor.authorSong, J.
dc.contributor.authorTavernier, S.
dc.contributor.authorTytgat, M.
dc.contributor.authorVan Onsem, G.P.
dc.contributor.authorVan Putte, S.
dc.contributor.authorVannerom, D.
dc.contributor.authorBilin, B.
dc.contributor.authorClerbaux, B.
dc.contributor.authorDas, A.K.
dc.contributor.authorDe Bruyn, I.
dc.contributor.authorDe Lentdecker, G.
dc.date.accessioned2026-10-18T20:25:26.551735654Z
dc.date.available2026-10-18T20:25:26.551735654Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractFor the first time, correlations among mixed-order moments of two or three flow harmonics —(vnk,vml) and (vnk,vml,vpq), with k, l , and q denoting the respective orders—are measured in xenon–xenon (XeXe) collisions and compared with lead–lead (PbPb) results, providing a novel probe of collective behavior in heavy ion collisions. These measurements compare a nearly spherical, doubly-magic 208Pb nucleus to a triaxially deformed 129Xe nucleus, emphasizing the sensitivity to initial-state geometry fluctuations arising from nuclear deformation. The dependence of these results (vn , n=2,3,4) on the shape and size of the nuclear overlap region is studied. Comparisons between v 2, v 3, and v 4 demonstrate the importance of v 3 and v 4 in exploring the nonlinear hydrodynamic response of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) to the initial spatial anisotropy. The results constrain initial-state model parameters that influence the evolution of the QGP. The CMS detector was used to collect XeXe and PbPb data at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of SNN=5.44 and 5.36 TeV, respectively. Correlations are extracted using multiparticle mixed-harmonic cumulants (up to eight-particle cumulants) with charged particles in the pseudorapidity range | η | ' 2.4 and transverse momentum range 0.5 ' pT ' 3 GeV/c. © 2026 The Authors.
dc.description.sponsorshipFunding text 1: We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, TARISTU24-TK10 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMFTR, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIT and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES, NSC, and NAWA (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MICIU/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (T\u00FCrkiye); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, 101001205, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Fonds pour la Formation \u00E0 la Recherche dans l\u2019Industrie et dans l\u2019Agriculture (FRIA) and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek contract No. 1228724N (Belgium); the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under Grant No. 2023YFA1605804, the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 12061141002, 12535004, and USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative No. YD2030002017 (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy \u2013 EXC 2121 \u201CQuantum Universe\u201D \u2013 390833306, and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program - \u00DANKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, and 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-2024-00036 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC \u2013 National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing, FAIR \u2013 Future Artificial Intelligence Research, and CUP I53D23001070006 (Mission 4 Component 1), funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552, 2023/49/B/ST2/03273, and the NAWA contract BPN/PPO/2021/1/00011 (Poland); the Funda\u00E7\u00E3o para a Ci\u00EAncia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF/EU, \u201DEuropean Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR\u201D, and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund program IND_FF_68_369_2300_097, and the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G680009 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).; Funding text 2: We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, TARISTU24-TK10 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMFTR, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIT and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES, NSC, and NAWA (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MICIU/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (T\u00FCrkiye); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). ; Funding text 3: Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, 101001205, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Fonds pour la Formation \u00E0 la Recherche dans l\u2019Industrie et dans l\u2019Agriculture (FRIA) and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek contract No. 1228724N (Belgium); the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under Grant No. 2023YFA1605804, the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 12061141002, 12535004, and USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative No. YD2030002017 (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy \u2013 EXC 2121 \u201CQuantum Universe\u201D \u2013 390833306, and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program - \u00DANKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, and 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-2024-00036 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC \u2013 National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing, FAIR \u2013 Future Artificial Intelligence Research, and CUP I53D23001070006 (Mission 4 Component 1), funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552, 2023/49/B/ST2/03273, and the NAWA contract BPN/PPO/2021/1/00011 (Poland); the Funda\u00E7\u00E3o para a Ci\u00EAncia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF/EU, \u201DEuropean Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR\u201D, and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund program IND_FF_68_369_2300_097, and the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G680009 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140359
dc.identifier.issn0370-2693
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105036006648
dc.identifier.startpage140359
dc.identifier.urihttps://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/ebyu/10184
dc.identifier.volume876
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.relation.ispartofPhysics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectCMS
dc.subjectFlow
dc.subjectHeavy ion
dc.subjectQGP
dc.subjectSystem size
dc.titleCharacterizing the initial state and dynamical evolution in XeXe and PbPb collisions using multiparticle cumulants
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
rdl.citation.scopus1
rdl.oa.statusgold
rdl.source.indexSCOPUS