Pharmacological Modulation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Experimental Models of Hepatic Injury

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, ranging from drug-induced liver damage to steatotic liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. This review synthesizes recent advances in pharmacological strategies targeting mitochondrial quality control mechanisms. The shift from non-specific antioxidants to mitochondria-targeted agents is highlighted, as are the emerging roles of cardiolipin stabilizers (SS-31), next-generation cyclophilin inhibitors (Rencofilstat, C105SR), and modulation of immunometabolic pathways such as cGAS-STING and NLRP3. The transition of these promising experimental agents to clinical applications is also presented.