A Liberal Portrait in the Early Republic Period: Ahmet Ağaoğlu

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the biography of Ahmet Ağaoğlu, an intellectual figure from the transitional period between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey, within the framework of his advocated concept of individualism. Design/Methodology: The research has examined the transformation in Ahmet Ağaoğlu's thought by focusing on his works. In addition to primary sources, secondary sources such as memoirs, books, and articles about Ağaoğlu have also been utilized. Findings: Ahmet Ağaoğlu was influenced by various political ideas throughout different periods of his life. In his youth, he was influenced by Orientalist thoughts, later identifying as a Turkish nationalist. During the process of nation-state building, he portrayed a profile of a liberal intellectual. However, despite these transformations, individualism remained a prominent element in his ideology. Ağaoğlu, who was an early Republican liberal intellectual, came to be perceived as a dissident and estranged intellectual after the 1930s. Limitations: The study is focusing on Ağaoğlu's ideological transformation and his liberal identity. The thoughts during his nationalist and orientalist periods have not been detailed. Originality/Value: The main value of the study lies in presenting Ahmet Ağaoğlu's biography along with highlighting the trajectory of his liberal ideology.