Cytotoxic Effects of Cisplatin and Carboplatin Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles on Breast Cancer Cells

Objective: This study aims to investigate and compare the anticancer effects of carboplatin and cisplatin, frequently used in cancer treatment, by loading them on albumin nanocarrier. Materials and Methods: Carboplatin (CP) and Cisplatin (Cis) loaded albumin nanoparticles were synthesized using ultrasonication as CP-NPs and Cis-NPs, respectively. Nanoparticle size and distribution were evaluated by Dynamic light scattering (DLS). Cytotoxicities of NPs were evaluated in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells and HUVEC using MTT test and their morphological images were compared. Results: While the average size of CP-NPs was around 2-3 nm, Cis-NPs was 7-8 nm. It was observed that both NPs groups were homogeneously dispersed. According to the cytotoxicity results, both CP-NPs and Cis-NPs were more cytotoxic on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In addition, CP-NPs and Cis-NPs showed significant cytotoxicity on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, while low cytotoxicity was detected in normal HUVEC cells. The NPs treated MCF-7 was compared with the untreated MCF-7 and statistical significance was calculated as P<0.01 for CP-NPs and Cis-NPs. Conclusions: Abumin-based CP-NPs and Cis-NPs showed high cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells, they have low cytotoxicity in healthy cells, making them promising for breast cancer treatment.