National Education Movements in Gümüşhane According to Official Statistics (1923-1960)

Although several modernization movements in education started in the last period of the Ottoman State, many problems that awaited solution were transferred to the new Turkish State. After the declaration of the Republic, the change that took place in every field also affected education, and a number of innovations and developments were made in both cities and rural areas on behalf of the modernization and development of education all over the country. The educational policies of the Republican Period were shaped again with a secular and national approach in educational field. The first activity of the new state in education was enacting the Unity of the Education Law on March 3, 1924. The alphabet was changed with a law that was enacted on November 1, 1928; and educational campaign was started, and in the same year, Nation Schools were opened all over the country. The Community Centers were opened in 1930s, and public courses were opened to contribute to the educational and cultural life of the country. For the purpose of spreading the education for rural areas and to cover the growing need for teachers, the Village Instructor Project was started. The National Education Activities that were started under the harsh conditions of Single-Party Period were transferred to the DP Government. National Education Policies were dealt with the short and long terms precautions in the specific conditions of the CHP and DP governments. The purpose of this study was to reveal the importance of Gümüşhane as an educational center in the period in question. It was also aimed to examine the numerical development of the primary and secondary schools, high schools and technical schools, student-teacher status, and the contributions of these schools to the educational life of Gümüşhane. The Document Review Method, which is a data collection method, was used in the study. The statistics of the National Education and various copyright works were also made use of in the course of the study.