Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-b1) in the pathophysiology of nasal polyp

Objectives: This study aims to use immunohistochemistry to compare histopathological findings and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-b1) levels in polyp tissue in cases of nasal polyp with histopathological findings and TGF-b1 levels in the nasal mucosa inpatients with obstructive nasal deformity.Patients and Methods: The study group consisted of 20 patients. The control group consisted to 20 patients scheduled for nasalsurgery due to septum deviation. Edema, mixed infection cell infiltration, eosinophil leukocyte infiltration and squamous metaplasiadevelopment were studied from hematoxylin-eosin stained slides containing polyp and conchal mucosa tissue specimenscollected from the study and control groups. These were then assessed semi-quantitatively. The presence or absence of TGF-b1antibody and positive reaction in the mucosal epithelium, submucosal glands, fibroblasts and inflammatory cells were evaluatedimmunohistochemically.Results: A positive association was determined between eosinophilia and edema on tissue staining with hematoxylin and eosin incases of nasal polyp, while no edema was observed in any cases in the control group. Comparison of the control and study groups onimmunohistochemical (TGF-b1 positive reaction) staining revealed no significant difference between epithelium, gland and fibroblaststaining. Immunohistochemical staining of inflammatory cells was more pronounced in the study group.Conclusion: We conclude that TGF-b1 may play a role together with other mediators, although not alone, in the pathophysiology ofnasal polyp.