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40 →- ArticleAçık Erişim2026Morphometric analysis and typing of talus and calcaneus bones from the Eastern Anatolian population
Karakas, Asli Beril; Akbulut, Yalcin; Yarar, Burhan; Sunar, Mukadder
BACKGROUND: The talus and calcaneus are critical components of foot biomechanics, contributing to stability and movement. Despite their importance, data on their morphometric and articular characteristics in the Eastern Anatolian population are scarce. This study aimed to address this gap by analyzing the morphometry and facet configurations of the talus and calcaneus in this region and highlighting their clinical and biomechanical significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32 tali and 29 calcanei were analyzed using high-resolution computed tomography (CT) and 3D reconstruction. Morphometric measurements, including lengths, widths, and facet areas, were performed, and articular facet types were classified based on established criteria. Comparative analyses were conducted with data from other populations. RESULTS: Side-specific variations were observed in lengths and sulcus dimensions. Type B was the most prevalent facet configuration in both the talus and calcaneus, with unique patterns such as Type B3 emphasizing the anatomical distinctiveness of the Eastern Anatolian population. Comparisons with other populations revealed larger morphometric dimensions and distinct facet distributions, underscoring population-specific differences. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable morphometric and facet classification data for the talus and calcaneus in the Eastern Anatolian population. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of regional anatomical variations and have significant implications for clinical applications, forensic investigations, and prosthetic design.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2026Anatomical variations and morphometric characteristics of the common hepatic artery: a computed tomography angiography study in 1347 patients
Bingol, Koray; Celik, Elif
Purpose: The common hepatic artery (CHA) demonstrates considerable anatomical variability with important implications for hepatobiliary, pancreatic, transplant, and endovascular procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, morphometric characteristics, and three-dimensional topographic relationships of CHA variations using computed tomography angiography (CTA) in a large cohort. Methods: This retrospective study included 1347 consecutive patients (604 women, 743 men; mean age 55.1 ± 14.4 years) who underwent abdominal CTA. Hepatic arterial anatomy was classified according to the Hiatt and Song classifications. Morphometric parameters of the celiac trunk, CHA, gastroduodenal artery, and proper hepatic artery, and the three-dimensional relationships of the CHA to adjacent structures, were evaluated using multiplanar reformation, maximum-intensity projection, and volume-rendering techniques. Comparisons were performed according to sex, age group, and variation status. Results: Conventional hepatic arterial anatomy (Hiatt type I) was identified in 64.7% of patients, whereas 35.3% had variant anatomy, most commonly an isolated left hepatic artery variation (13.4%). The CHA originated predominantly from the celiac trunk (97.0%), with hepatomesenteric (2.3%) and direct aortic (0.7%) origins being uncommon. Male patients had significantly larger arterial calibres, and most morphometric parameters increased with age. Variant anatomy was associated with longer CHA, greater celiac trunk-to-CHA distance, wider departure angle, and more frequent retropancreatic, intrapancreatic, and portal/superior mesenteric venous confluence-related courses (all p < 0.001). Conclusion: Hepatic arterial variation is associated with distinct morphometric and topographic characteristics. These population-specific reference data may improve preoperative assessment and support safer hepatobiliary, pancreatic, transplant, and endovascular interventions by improving procedural planning and reducing vascular injury.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Normative Values of Femoral Inclination Angle and Medial Proximal Femoral Angle: An MRI-Based Study
Memis, Kemal Bugra; Kızılgöz, Volkan; Aydın, Sonay; Sunar, Mukadder; Gökgöz, Mehmet Burak; Durmaz, Önder; Gülmez, Ali Osman; Özkan, Berna Hatun; Kantarci, Mecit
BACKGROUND This study aimed to establish normative values for the femoral inclination angle (FIA) and medial proximal femoral angle (MPFA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which minimizes projectional and rotational errors, in a large cohort. Sex-based and side-to-side comparisons, as well as correlations with age, were also investigated for these proximal femoral angle measurements. MATERIAL AND METHODS After exclusion of patients with trauma, infection, prior surgery, advanced osteoarthritis, femoroacetabular impingement, avascular necrosis, coxa vara, coxa valga, and low-quality magnetic resonance images, 631 pairs of proximal femurs were retrospectively evaluated for FIA and MPFA measurements. All measurements were performed by consensus between 2 radiologists, then analyzed regarding sex and side differences and correlations with age. RESULTS The mean FIA was 128.53±4.62°, whereas the mean MPFA was 86.62±3.40°. No significant differences were observed between men and women (FIA: P=0.057, MPFA: P=0.050) or between right and left sides (FIA: P=0.178, MPFA: P=0.853). Age was not significantly correlated with either proximal femoral angle measurement. No significant association was found between age and FIA (right: P=0.554, left: P=0.321) or MPFA (right: P=0.954, left: P=0.935). CONCLUSIONS This large MRI-based study provides normative reference values for FIA and MPFA. Neither angle was significantly influenced by sex, side, or age, suggesting that these parameters remain relatively stable across adult populations. These findings may serve as useful reference values for assessment of proximal femoral morphology and preoperative orthopedic planning.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2026The Effect of Age and Tooth Loss on Articular Eminence Slope: An Orthopantomographic Study; [Yaş ve Diş Kaybının Eklem Eminens Eğimi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Ortopantomografik Bir Çalışma]
Çelik, Fatih; Özsoy, Elif; Oktay, Fatih; Taşkesen, Fatih; Diyarbakır, Samih
Objective: To investigate whether morphologic changes in the cranial component of the temporomandibular joint are associated with aging or tooth loss and, if so, whether articular eminence flattening is more associated with age or edentulism. Methods: Ortopantomographs of patients admitted to the hospital for routine dental treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to their age and edentulous status. Group1: 49 patients aged 18-35 years with occlusal support, Group2: 46 patients aged 36-59 years with occlusal support, Group3: 43 patients over 60 years with occlusal support, and Group4: 42 patients over 60 years with lost occlusal support. The Frankfort horizontal plane and the articular eminence slope were drawn on the radiographs and the angle between them was measured and the differences between the groups were analyzed. Results: There was no significant correlation between age and flattening of the articular eminence angle (P=.645). A statistically highly significant difference was observed between Group 4 and all other groups in terms of articular eminence angles (P=.01). Conclusion: Since there was no significant correlation between age and articular eminence angle, and since the articular eminence angle was significantly different in Group 4, which consisted of completely edentulous patients, compared to all other groups, it was concluded that AEA may be related to edentulism rather than age. Study emphasizes the importance of occlusion by identifying tooth loss as a possible cause of the decrease in AE slope.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2026Anatomical Variations of Axillary Lymph Nodes Affect the Accuracy of Preoperative Breast MRI Nodal Staging
Bingöl, Koray; Acar, Tunç Batuhan
Objective: To determine whether anatomical nodal distribution patterns of axillary lymph nodes influence the accuracy of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nodal staging in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included 156 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who underwent contrast-enhanced breast MRI followed by histopathological nodal evaluation. Two experienced breast radiologists, blinded to pathology results, independently reviewed all MRI examinations. The axillary nodal distribution pattern, the presence of interpectoral (Rotter) lymph nodes, the presence of internal mammary lymph nodes, and the clustered nodal pattern were recorded. MRI-based clinical nodal staging was compared with histopathological nodal status. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent predictors of false-negative MRI nodal staging. Results: Histopathological nodal metastases were identified in 58 patients (37.2%). Breast MRI demonstrated a sensitivity of 70.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 57.3-81.9%] and a specificity of 84.7% (95% CI, 76.0-91.2%) for detecting nodal metastases. False-negative MRI staging was significantly more frequent among patients with a level II/III-dominant nodal distribution than among those with a level I-dominant pattern (33.3% vs. 25%, P=0.02). Patients with interpectoral (Rotter) lymph nodes had a higher false-negative rate than patients without Rotter lymph nodes (50% vs. 20%, P=0.01). Both a level II/III-dominant nodal distribution [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 2.6; 95% CI, 1.1-6.4] and the presence of interpectoral (Rotter) lymph nodes (adjusted OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.2-7.1) independently predicted false-negative MRI nodal staging. Conclusion: Anatomical distribution patterns of axillary lymph nodes influence the accuracy of MRI nodal staging. Assessing nodal distribution, particularly a level II/III-dominant pattern and interpectoral (Rotter) lymph nodes, may improve nodal evaluation and reduce false-negative rates in MRI staging.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Anatomical Variations in Major Abdominal Aortic Branches and Sex-Related Differences: A Large-Scale Analysis of 1174 Patients
Tokur, Oguzhan; Bingol, Koray
Background: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, spectrum, and coexistence of anatomical variations in the major branches of the abdominal aorta using Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) angiography, with a specific emphasis on analyzing sex-related differences in a large-scale cohort. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1174 patients (63.8% male, 36.2% female; mean age 60.54) who underwent abdominal CT angiography between January 2023 and June 2024. Images were acquired using a 128-slice MDCT scanner and reconstructed for detailed vascular assessment. Statistical comparisons between genders were performed using Chi-square and Fisher–Freeman–Halton tests, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The celiac trunk (93.3%), superior mesenteric artery (SMA) (97.1%), and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) (98.5%) predominantly showed classical patterns. However, significant sex-related differences were identified. Females exhibited significantly higher rates of classical patterns for the celiac trunk (96.2% vs. 91.7%), IMA (99.1% vs. 98.1%), right hepatic artery (RHA) (91.5% vs. 82.6%), and left hepatic artery (LHA) (95.8% vs. 85.4%). Conversely, males showed a higher prevalence of complex variations, including replaced/accessory hepatic arteries and the absence of the common hepatic artery. The number of right and left renal arteries was similar between sexes and did not show a significant difference, while horseshoe kidney was detected only in males. Conclusions: Abdominal vascular structures adhere to classical anatomy more frequently in females, while males exhibit greater morphological variability. These findings emphasize the necessity of gender-specific preoperative vascular mapping to optimize surgical outcomes and reduce morbidity.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2025Assessment of vitamin D and iron supplementation practices and their determinants in Erzincan, Türkiye: A cross-sectional study
Hayme, Serhat; Gürsoy, Ersan; Çakır, Hatice; Eren, Salih; Özdemir, Agah; Karabaş, Bilal
Objective: Vitamin D and iron are crucial micronutrients, particularly for children in phases of rapid growth and development, playing significant roles in bone and dental health, immune function, cognitive development, and energy metabolism. Despite the initiation of prophylaxis programs by the Turkish Ministry of Health, adherence and effectiveness remain variable, highlighting the need for localized research to evaluate these initiatives. This study aims to assess the prevalence and continuity of vitamin D and iron supplementation among families in Erzincan, and identify determinants influencing the sustainability of these practices. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted among 200 families with children aged 1-5 years in the districts of Erzincan. Participants were recruited from family health centers using a convenience sampling method. Inclusion criteria encompassed families with children who met the age requirement, while exclusion criteria included children with special health conditions requiring high-dose supplementation. Data were collected through structured face-to-face questionnaires assessing supplementation practices, sources of medical advice, parental attitudes, and socio-demographic factors. Descriptive statistics summarized the data. The chi-square test and independent samples t-test assessed categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Multiple logistic regression identified factors influencing adherence, while Kaplan–Meier survival analysis evaluated supplementation duration. Results: High rates of vitamin D (98.5%) and iron (94%) supplementation were observed, albeit with decreased adherence to the recommended durations (82.5% for vitamin D, 75.5% for iron). The absence of parental concern for their children’s health and concurrent use of another type of prophylaxis had a positive effect on prophylaxis use. A pediatrician recommended vitamin D and iron prophylaxis to 33% (n=66) of the participants, a family physician to 49% (n=98), and auxiliary health personnel to 3% (n=6) only, whereas 15% (n=32) were advised by more than one health professional. (p=0.008 for vitamin D prophylaxis; p=0.014 for iron prophylaxis). The multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that parental concern about their infants’ health significantly impacted the continuity of vitamin D prophylaxis (p=0.010). However, demographic characteristics had no significant impact on supplementation practices. Conclusion: Although vitamin D and iron supplementation rates are high in Erzincan, challenges in sustaining recommended durations suggest areas for improvement in prophylaxis programs. This study underscores the importance of healthcare professional recommendations and parental health perceptions in influencing supplementation practices. Recommendations include enhancing health education and accessibility to prophylaxis programs to improve sustainability and adherence.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Number and localisation of nutrient foramen on clavicle and its relationship with other clavicle parameters
Yarar, Burhan; Akbulut, Yalçın; Karakaş, Aslı Beril; Sunar, Mukadder; Emir, Büşra
Background: Nutrient foramen (NF) is a hole in the long bones that allows the passage of the nutrient artery. The vasculature of the bone is very important for fracture healing and vascularised bone grafting. Therefore, information about the location and number of NFs is important for surgical and clinical practice. The clavicle is the most commonly fractured bone. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the location and number of NFs on the clavicle and other clavicle parameters. Materials and methods: This study was performed on 86 dry clavicles of contemporary adult individuals without age and gender records. Some clavicle parameters and NF parameters were measured and the relationship between them was analysed. Measurements were performed using a digital caliper. Results: Most of the clavicles had a single NF. There was a positive correlation between DFant/DFpost (distance between NF and anterior border/distance between NF and posterior border) and vertical thickness of sternal end (VTs), vertical thickness of thinnest point (VTt) and clavicular thinnest point index (CIt) in all cases (p < 0.05). Sagittal thickness of acromial end (STa), vertical thickness of clavicle (VTc), sagittal thickness of clavicle (STc), and sagittal thickness of thinnest point (STt) were associated with NF counts. The most common localisation of NFs was type 2. The NFs were mostly located in the inferior position. Conclusions: Relationships between the number and morphometric characteristics of NFs and some clavicle parameters were determined. We suggest that knowledge of the number and morphometric characteristics of NFs is important for the protection of the nutrient artery in orthopaedic surgery applications. (Folia Morphol 2025; 84, 1: 231–242)
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2025Cephalometric Examination of Soft Palate, Hyoid and Upper Airway Anatomy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients
Celik, Elif; Celik, Fatih; Unver, Edhem; Karavas, Erdal; Diyarbakır, Samih
Objectives: In this study, the dimensions of the soft palate, the position of the hyoid bone in relation to the mandibular plane and C3 vertebrae, and the width of the upper airway were measured on lateral cephalograms of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome of different severities diagnosed by polysomnography. This study aimed to investigate the association between increased apnea severity and anatomical formations relevant to dental practice. Materials and Methods: Our study was designed as a retrospective data analysis of 182 patients, 78 females and 104 males. In our study, patients were divided into four groups: patients with simple snoring with an Apnea-Hipopnea index (AHI) value below 5, patients with mild OSAS with an AHI value of 5–15, patients with moderate OSAS with an AHI value of 15–30 and patients with severe OSAS with an AHI value above 30. Measurements obtained from lateral cephalograms were compared between these groups. Results: Statistically significant narrowing was observed in all other groups compared to the control group in oropharyngeal width values in upper airway measurements (P<0.05). The distance between the hyoid and mandibular plane was significantly lower in the control group than in the severe OSAS group (P=0.001). A statistically significant elongation of the soft palate was also observed in patients with OSAS compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our findings support that the position of the hyoid bone is important in the diagnosis of OSAS. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between soft palate length and OSAS. These results suggest that surgical techniques such as maxillary advancement or mandibular advancement, or both, to increase airway width may be effective in the treatment of OSAS. Copyright This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Evaluating artificial intelligence for a focal nodular hyperplasia diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging: preliminary findings
Kantarcı, Mecit; Kızılgöz, Volkan; Terzi, Ramazan; Kılıç, Ahmet Enes; Kabalcı, Halime; Durmaz, Önder; Tokgöz, Nil; Harman, Mustafa; Kahraman, Ayşegül Sağır; Avanaz, Ali
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnosing focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compare its perfor mance with that of radiologists. METHODS In the first phase of the study, the MRIs of 60 patients (30 patients with FNH and 30 patients with no lesions or lesions other than FNH) were processed using a segmentation program and introduced to an AI model. After the learning process, the MRIs of 42 different patients that the AI model had no experience with were introduced to the system. In addition, a radiology resident and a radiology specialist evaluated patients with the same MR sequences. The sensitivity and specificity values were obtained from all three reviews. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the AI model were found to be 0.769, 0.966, 0.909, and 0.903, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity values were higher than those of the radiology resident and lower than those of the radiology specialist. The results of the specialist versus the AI model revealed a good agreement level, with a kappa (κ) value of 0.777. CONCLUSION For the diagnosis of FNH, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of the AI device were higher than those of the radiology resident and lower than those of the radiology specialist. With additional studies focused on different specific lesions of the liver, AI models are expected to be able to diagnose each liver lesion with high accuracy in the future. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE AI is studied to provide assisted or automated interpretation of radiological images with an accurate and reproducible imaging diagnosis.
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Tam Kayıt
| Alan | Değer | Dil |
|---|---|---|
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-10-20T15:26:07.641713216Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-10-20T15:26:07.641713216Z | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/ebyu/22884 | |
| dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.title | Anatomi Anabilim Dalı | tr |
| dc.title | Department of Anatomy | en |
| dspace.entity.type | OrgUnit | |
| organization.identifier.code | tip-anatomi | |
| organization.unitType | department | |
| rdl.unit.alias | \banatom |