Karakas, Asli Beril; Akbulut, Yalcin; Yarar, Burhan; Sunar, Mukadder

BACKGROUND: The talus and calcaneus are critical components of foot biomechanics, contributing to stability and movement. Despite their importance, data on their morphometric and articular characteristics in the Eastern Anatolian population are scarce. This study aimed to address this gap by analyzing the morphometry and facet configurations of the talus and calcaneus in this region and highlighting their clinical and biomechanical significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32 tali and 29 calcanei were analyzed using high-resolution computed tomography (CT) and 3D reconstruction. Morphometric measurements, including lengths, widths, and facet areas, were performed, and articular facet types were classified based on established criteria. Comparative analyses were conducted with data from other populations. RESULTS: Side-specific variations were observed in lengths and sulcus dimensions. Type B was the most prevalent facet configuration in both the talus and calcaneus, with unique patterns such as Type B3 emphasizing the anatomical distinctiveness of the Eastern Anatolian population. Comparisons with other populations revealed larger morphometric dimensions and distinct facet distributions, underscoring population-specific differences. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable morphometric and facet classification data for the talus and calcaneus in the Eastern Anatolian population. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of regional anatomical variations and have significant implications for clinical applications, forensic investigations, and prosthetic design.

Yarar, Burhan; Akbulut, Yalçın; Karakaş, Aslı Beril; Sunar, Mukadder; Emir, Büşra

Background: Nutrient foramen (NF) is a hole in the long bones that allows the passage of the nutrient artery. The vasculature of the bone is very important for fracture healing and vascularised bone grafting. Therefore, information about the location and number of NFs is important for surgical and clinical practice. The clavicle is the most commonly fractured bone. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the location and number of NFs on the clavicle and other clavicle parameters. Materials and methods: This study was performed on 86 dry clavicles of contemporary adult individuals without age and gender records. Some clavicle parameters and NF parameters were measured and the relationship between them was analysed. Measurements were performed using a digital caliper. Results: Most of the clavicles had a single NF. There was a positive correlation between DFant/DFpost (distance between NF and anterior border/distance between NF and posterior border) and vertical thickness of sternal end (VTs), vertical thickness of thinnest point (VTt) and clavicular thinnest point index (CIt) in all cases (p < 0.05). Sagittal thickness of acromial end (STa), vertical thickness of clavicle (VTc), sagittal thickness of clavicle (STc), and sagittal thickness of thinnest point (STt) were associated with NF counts. The most common localisation of NFs was type 2. The NFs were mostly located in the inferior position. Conclusions: Relationships between the number and morphometric characteristics of NFs and some clavicle parameters were determined. We suggest that knowledge of the number and morphometric characteristics of NFs is important for the protection of the nutrient artery in orthopaedic surgery applications. (Folia Morphol 2025; 84, 1: 231–242)

Kocak, M.N.; Sade, R.; Ay, M.; Polat, G.; Pirimoğlu, B.; Yalcin, A.; Kapakin, S.; Kabakus, I.M.; Ur, M.

Background: Posterior circulation of brain is important because of vital organs’ blood supply provided by them. In this study, we evaluate the relationship of posterior circulation measurements with age, gender and side by using computed tomography angiography (CTA) images. Materials and methods: A total 199 brain CTA examinations were retrospectively analysed for all posterior circulation arteries (vertebral artery, basilar artery, posterior cerebral artery [PCA], superior cerebellar artery [SCA], anterior inferior cerebellar artery, and posterior inferior cerebellar artery [PICA]) to compare the difference based on age, gender and side. Results: There is no correlation between age and the mean diameters of all vessels (p > 0.05). The mean diameter of left vertebral artery was higher than right vertebral artery in all genders (p = 0.004 for males and p < 0.001 for females). The mean diameter of left SCA and PICA were higher than right SCA and PICA in females (p = 0.032 and p = 0.027, respectively). The mean diameters of basilar, left PCA, left SCA, left vertebral, right PCA, right SCA, right PICA and right vertebral artery were higher in males and that differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.006, p = 0.004, p = 0.001, p = 0.003, p = 0.002, and p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusions: The posterior circulation vessel diameter is not affected by aging. The mean diameters of basilar artery, both PCAs, both SCAs, right PICA, both vertebral arteries were higher in males. The mean diameter of left vertebral artery is higher than that of right vertebral artery in all genders.

Yilmaz Çankaya, B.; Polat, G.; Aksungur, N.; Yalçin, A.; Korkut, E.; Sade, R.; Pirimoglu, R.B.; Kara, S.; Ay, M.; Altuntas, N.

Background: In this study, we investigated the relationship between the portal vein and hepatic artery variations and the remaining liver volume in living donors in liver transplantation. Materials and methods: In the study, triphasic abdominal computed tomography images of 180 live liver donor candidates were analysed retrospectively. Portal veins were divided into four groups according to the Nakamura classification and seven groups according to the Michels classification. The relationship between vascular variations and remnant liver volume was compared statistically. Results: According to the Nakamura classification, there were 143 (79.4%) type A, 23 (12.7%) type B, 7 (3.9%) type C and 7 (3.9%) type D cases. Using the Michels classification, 129 (71%) type 1, 12 (6.7%) type 2, 24 (13%) type 3, 2 (2.2%) type 4, 10 (5.6%) type 5, 1 (0.6%) type 6, and 2 (1.1%) type 7 cases were detected. There was no significant difference in the percentage of the remaining volume of the left liver lobe between the groups (p = 0.055, p = 0.207, respectively). Conclusions: Variations in the hepatic artery and portal vein do not affect the remaining liver volume in liver transplantation donors.

Taydas, O.; Danisan, G.; Ogul, H.; Kantarci, M.

patient and to discuss the imaging findings of Abernethy malformation.