Esentürk, Oğuz Kaan; Seçer, Emrah; Yarimkaya, Erkan; İlhan, Ekrem Levent

Introduction and Purpose: This study investigated how sports science university students perceive social support (PSS), its influence on their academic engagement, and the mechanisms that mediate this relationship. Methodology: A total of 466 students (316 males, 150 females) from the Faculty of Sports Sciences participated in the study, which used a relational screening model. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, the University Students School Engagement Scale, the School Alienation Scale, and the Social Media Addiction Scale. The measurement model was validated through confirmatory factor analysis, followed by correlation testing and regression analysis using the Bootstrap method to evaluate the study's hypotheses. Results: The analysis identified a positive correlation between PSS and school engagement (SE) (r = 0.45, p < 0.001). In contrast, PSS showed negative correlations with both school alienation (SA) (r =-0.209, p < 0.01) and social media addiction (SMA) (r = −0.113, p < 0.01) (Hypothesis I). Regression analysis using the Bootstrap method revealed a significant indirect effect of PSS on SE via SA (Hypothesis II) [β = 0.181, p < 0.001, 95% Confıdence Interval (CI) = (0.003, 0.039)]. Additionally, SMA moderated the indirect effect of PSS on SE via SA (Hypothesis III) [Situational mediator index = −0.018, Boot SE = 0.001, Boot 95% CI = (−0.003, −0.0001)]. The indirect effect was stronger for individuals with low SMA [Indirect effect = 0.034, Boot SE = 0.182, Boot 95% CI = (0.007, 0.078)] compared to those with high SMA [Indirect effect = 0.018, Boot SE = 0.009, Boot 95% CI = (0.005, 0.0416)]. Conclusion: The findings support all three hypotheses in the study's theoretical framework, confirming the proposed relationships and underlying mechanisms.

Koç, Hürmüz; Aksoy, Cemil; Eskici, Günay; Köroğlu, Yaşar

Fourty volunteer athletes participated in this study in which the relationship between 2d:4d finger length ratios and leg strength was analyzed. These volunteers, who play basketball, football and volleyball in different clubs, have 22.66±3.48 average of age and their training age is 5 years and over. The explanations about the study to be conducted and measurements to be taken were made to the athletes participating in the study. The identity information was used for the determination of the age of the athletes. The statures, body weights, leg strengths, index fingers (2d) and ring fingers (4d) of the dominant hands of athletes were measured. The measurement results were presented as arithmetic mean and standard deviation. Pearson Correlation Analysis was applied to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between the leg strength and finger length of the athletes. p<0.05 value was accepted as meaningful. As a result of the study, it was determined that there was a powerful relationship between the leg strength and 4d finger length of the athletes (r=0.631). Finally, based on the extant literature, the idea that there is a relationship between the dominance of testosterone hormone in human beings and 4d finger length can be commented as the fact that leg strength values of the athletes having 4d finger length is high.