Aytaç, Zeki; Kandemir, Ali; Ertuğrul, Tuğba; Fişne, Ahter; Ateş, Mevlüde Alev

Dianthus berkayii belongs to sect. Fimbriati was described and illustrated as a new species from Erzincan Province in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. In the current study morphological, palynological, and molecular characters were compared and discussed with its closely related species. The new species is similar to D. crinitus with fimbriate corolla, linear, acuminate, ± rigid leaves. Also similar to D. vanensis with fimbriate corolla, linear, acuminate, ± rigid, curved divaricate leaves. But distinctly different from D. crinitus by having linear and curved divaricate leaves, stem with 3–4(–5) internodes (not 5–8), a style much longer than petals, and different from D. vanensis with narrower leaves, ebarbulate and long fimbriate corolla. The bracts of D. berkayii are 1/3 of the length of the calyx, but not equal to the calyx length. The IUCN threat category of D. berkayii was determined to be “CR (Critically Endangered)” therewithal it is an Irano-Turanian element. In the study, the geographical distributions of D. berkayii, D. crinitus, and D. vanensis are also mapped, the identification key of these species was provided, pollen morphology and phylogenetic analyses based on ITS region of rDNA and ecological notes are also presented.

Sari, İdris; Kandemir, Ali

Turkey is one of the most important temperate countries on Earth in terms of plant diversity. There is a growing interest in understanding habitat suitability and future distributions of species in the scientific world. Because climate change has impacted ecosystems with major consequences, species are shifting and declining much faster than in the past. Some global climate models used for predicting climate in the future better represent and have higher reliability for some climate types. Ferulago glareosa, which lives in Turkey, is a rare endemic plant species. In this study, we investigated current and future distributions of the species determined to be habitat-specific to lead to future studies on conservation. The Maxent model was used to map the current and future potential distribution of the species for Turkey. HadGEM2-ES and MPI-ESM-LR global climate models based on predicted future suitability of F. glareosa for 2050 and 2070 were examined. Models were constructed based on 20 presence points of the species and 2 abiotic variables. The current species distribution modeling of Ferulago glareosa predicted by the model produced very high success rates with training and test AUC values of 0.970 and 0.968, respectively. The true skill statistics value of the model (0.8245) indicated excellent model performance. In the end, we have demonstrated how predictions obtained from a highly reliable global climate model for a region’s climate could provide more dependable insights into the future distribution of narrow-spread endemic species.

Güzel, Murat Erdem; Kilian, Norbert; Gültepe, Mutlu; Kandemir, Ali; Coşkunçelebi, Kamil

This paper presents new data on the diversity of Lactuca L. in Turkey based on recent collections made during revisional work. Lactuca leucoclada Rech.f. & Tuisl is newly recorded for Turkey, and for Lactuca viminea (L.) J.Presl. & C.Presl. and Lactuca quercina L., the presence of two distinct subspecies each in Turkey, L. viminea subsp. viminea and L. viminea subsp. ramosissima (All.) Arcang., and L. quercina subsp. quercina and L. quercina subsp. wilhemsiana (DC.) Feráková, respectively, are reported. The presence of Lactuca macrophylla (Willd.) A.Gray, so far only doubtfully reported from Turkey, is confirmed in the present study. Emended descriptions, type information, updated distribution maps, and microphotographs of the taxonomically important achene features are presented for the studied taxa.

Korkmaz, Mustafa; Kandemir, Ali; İlhan, Veli; Yildirim Doğan, Nalan

In this study, Tanacetum erzincanense Korkmaz, Kandemir & İlhan is described as a new species for science from Erzincan Province. It was compared with close species by using morphological and random amplified polymorphic DNA data. It resembles T. germanicopolitanum (Bornm. & Heimerl) Grierson and T. pinnatum Boiss. It is closer to T. germanicopolitanum in terms of genetic and morphological aspects. Morphologically, it differs from T. germanicopolitanum by having oblong-oblanceolate basal leaves in outline with flabelliform and fewer leaf segments, less dense indumentum, smaller and globose capitula, and shorter apical appendage in inner phyllaries. T. pinnatum shows difference from T. erzincanense with linear-lanceolate and sparsely pinnatifid leaf segments, less dense indumentum, and clearly larger and fewer capitula. Pollen properties and results of the soil analysis are also given.

Filiz, Ertuğrul; Osma, Etem; Kandemir, Ali; Tombuloğlu, Hüseyin; Tombuloğlu, Güzin; Birbilener, Seda; Aydin, Mehtap

Barbarea integrifolia DC. (Brassicaceae) is an endangered and endemic species located in Erzincan and Gümüşhane provinces of Turkey. In total, 27 individuals from 2 natural populations were assessed using the random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) method coupled with sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) rDNA region. Genetic accuracy of RAPD-PCR was tested with 25 RAPD primers, and it resulted in 115 clear and reproducible DNA fragments from 13 RAPD primers. Among these, 76 (66.1%) fragments were found to be polymorphic. According to the ITS1 analysis of B. integrifolia populations, the plants exhibited a relatively poor genetic diversity. In total, 60 ITS1 nucleotide sequences from the GenBank database with 2 newly identified ITS1 sequences from the Turkish populations were used to construct a maximum-likelihood tree. The lengths of ITS1 sequences of B. integrifolia were found to be 268 bp for population I and 271 bp for population II. ITS1 sequences of B. integrifolia species showed 97% sequence identity. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Barbarea species were monophyletic and showed high bootstrap values. B. integrifolia had closer relationships with Cardamineae taxa, including Cardamine, Rorippa, and Armoracia. On the contrary, allied genus Nasturtium species were separated from Cardamineae taxa. The genetic information obtained from this study could be used for the development of conservation strategies not only for B. integrifolia but also for rare and endangered plant species.

Mutlu, Salih; Karadaǧoǧlu, Ömer; Atici, Ökkeş; Taşǧin, Esen; Nalbantoǧlu, Barbaros

The time-dependent effect of salicylic acid (SA) on alleviating cold damage in the Tokak (tolerant) and Akhisar (sensitive) varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare) was investigated. Seedlings subjected to 0.0, 0.1, and 1 mM SA for 7 days were transferred to cold (7/5 °C) on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 for 3 days. It was found that 0.1 mM SA had a greater alleviating effect, decreasing the freezing injury in both varieties for at least 10 days after the application. Moreover, 0.1 mM SA had a greater effect on alleviation in Tokak by increasing the ice nucleation activity of apoplastic proteins extracted from the leaves. SA was effective for at least 24 days in decreasing the effect of freezing temperature by regulating apoplastic proteins in the leaves after the application. Furthermore, 0.1 and 1 mM SA had an alleviating effect by decreasing the lipid peroxidation level in both varieties for at least 24 days after the application. It can be seen that SA treatment can play a positive role in alleviating cold damage in barley. Therefore, it is suggested that results from SA treatments may contribute to research related to diminishing cold damage in agricultural applications.

Korkmaz, Mustafa; Özçelik, Hasan

The soil properties of the annual Gypsophila L. taxa of Turkey and their effects on plant morphology were investigated. The taxa studied were Gypsophila heteropoda Freyn & Sint., G. parva Barkoudah, G. elegans M.Bieb., G. bitlisensis Barkoudah, G. viscosa Murray, G. antari Post & Beauverd, G. muralis L., G. tubulosa (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss., G. confertifolia Hub.-Mor., and G. pilosa Hudson. The soils of the plant taxa were medium textured, sand or sandy-loam, saltless or a little salty, neutral, limy, rich in potassium and with very little phosphorous, and with medium levels of nitrogen and organic matter. G. antari, which had the greatest lime content, had the lowest number of leaves. G. muralis and G. tubulosa had the lowest saturation values and lime content but the greatest number of leaves. If the lime content increased, the development of roots decreased, and when the rate of sand increased, the development of roots increased. For G. muralis, phosphorus concentration, seed size, and salt content were negatively related to number of leaves. For G. tubulosa and G. antari, potassium and organic matter concentrations were negatively related to number of leaves. In G. muralis, salt content was positively related to calyx diameter and seed size. In G. confertifolia, organic matter content was positively correlated with height of the calyx, petal, and bract. It was observed that G. pilosa, G. bitlisensis, and G. viscosa species are also distributed in limeless steppe areas. The most important distribution areas of the species in Turkey are Sivas, Erzincan, Çanki{dotless}ri{dotless}, Eskişehir, and Ankara.

Kandemir, Ali; Türkmen, Zafer

Onosma beyazoglui Kandemir & Z. Türkmen (Boraginaceae) Erzincan ilinden (Türkiye) bilim dünyası için yeni bir tür olarak tanımlandı. Yeni türün yakın türlerle ayırıcı morfolojik özellikleri tartışıldı.

Kandemir, Ali; Türkmen, Zafer

Onosma beyazoglui Kandemir & Z. Türkmen sp. nov. (Boraginaceae) is described as a new species from the rovince of Erzincan in Turkey. Diagnostic morphological characters of this new species from the related species are iscussed.

Kandemir, Ali

This paper reports the re-discovery of Barbarea auriculata Hausskn. ex Bornm. var. auriculata (Brassicaceae), Onobrychis nitida Boiss. (Fabaceae), Onosma discedens Hausskn. ex Bornm. (Boraginaceae), and Silene oligotricha Hub.-Mor. (Caryophyllaceae). All of these taxa had been listed as Extinct (EX), according to the World Conservation Union Red List Categories. This study provides the re-descriptions of these taxa, presents field observations of these taxa, and suggests new IUCN categories.