Kupeli, Ilke; Bicer, Senol

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block (II/IH) only supported by ketamine sedation on intraoperative anesthesia and analgesia. Methods: A total of 60 patients aged between 2 and 6 years, were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups: 1) the II/IH block and ketamine group, 2) the II/IH block by inserting the laryngeal mask (LMA) and sevoflurane group, and 3) the LMA and sevoflurane group. Peroperative heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), amount of sevoflurane used, postoperative pain scores, number of children needing rescue analgesia, and time required for the first analgesia were recorded. Results: The patients, consisting of 34 males and 26 females had an average age of 4 ± 1.3 years. There was no difference in terms of HR and MAP between the ketamine + block applied group and LMA + block applied group; however, HRs were higher and MAPs were lower in the group in which no block was added but only sevoflurane maintenance was provided and the amount of sevoflurane used significantly decreased in the group supported by (II/IH) block (P < 005). In the postoperative period, the HR, MAP and pain scores were higher in the group with no added block but this difference was significant in the first 6 hours (P < 0.05). Rescue analgesia was applied to a fewer of patients in the groups with added blocks and nausea-vomiting occurred only in the group without block. It was observed that analgesia was needed in average for 6.1 hours in the block group to which ketamine was applied; 4.7 hours in average in the block group to which LMA was applied; and for 2.1 hours in average in the group not supported by block (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that II/IH block added to general anesthesia or sedation in pediatric lower abdominal surgery reduced the need for intraoperative anesthesia, provided a more stable intraoperative hemodynamics and analgesia, and provided less pain scores, longer analgesia duration, and shorter analgesia need in the postoperative period.

Arikan, Duygu; Bekar, Pınar

Objectives: The current study aimed to examine the effect of eating habit of children while watching TV on obesity. Methods: The population of this descriptive study consisted of the mothers with children in the age group of three to five years, who referred to five family health centers from June to July 2015. No sampling selection was performed in the study. The study was conducted on 165 mothers, who agreed to participate in the study and their children. The data were collected with the face-toface interview method and using a form including questions related to the socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers and children as well as the condition of children watching TV and their nutritional status. After measuring the weight and height of the children by a digital scale and a standard assessment tool by researchers, their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Before collection of the data, the approval of the ethics committee, verbal permission from the parents and a formal written permission from the related institution were obtained. Percentage, mean and Chi-square tests were used to assess the data. Results: According to the obtained results, 33.9% of the children were five years old and 52.7% were male. According to classification of BMI, 9.7% of the children were very slim, 12.7% slim, 58.8% normal, 8.5% over-weight and 10.3% obese. It was determined that 58.2% of the children ate while watching TV and 34.4% of those ate their meals once a day while watching TV. Conclusions: It was found that more than half of the children watched TV while eating. It is suggested that nurses inform the parents about the harms of having their children eat while watching TV as well as obesity.