Sanci, Muzaffer; Can, Behzat; Atag, Elif; Akagunduz, Baran; Semiz, Huseyin Salih

Objectives: Due to limited data in the literature, we aimed to determine the relationship between the development of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and survival in patients with ovarian cancer who underwent frontline cytoreduc- tive surgery and received adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: In this study, laboratory parameters in the hospital database were collected retrospectively. The rates of pa- tients who developed neutropenia due to chemotherapy and the relationship between neutropenia and survival were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: A total of 82 patients were included in the study. The median age was 53.3 years. Median follow-up time was 61,6 months. Median chemotherapy cycles were 6. Disease recurrence developed in 22 (26.8%) patients and 12 pa- tients (14.6%) were died during the follow-up period. Any degree of neutropenia developed in a total of 63 (76.8%) pa- tients during the entire chemotherapy period. There were no grade 4 neutropenia. No correlation was found between the development of neutropenia and disease free survival or overall survial. Conclusion: There are conflicting data in the literature regarding the relationship between chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and survival in patients with ovarian cancer who are receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. In our study, no relationship was found between the development of neutropenia and survival.

Demirci, Esra; Gul, Melike Kevser

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant problems all over the world for over 1 year, the disease has spread in a short time, and all countries had to take preventions in this direction. As a result of these developments; people had to spend their time at home, physical activity, social life and social interaction have been severely restricted. Fear of illness, losing a close person, limitation of interaction with peers, changes in eating habits and sleep patterns, etc. affected children and adolescents as well as adults and uncertainty of the period have caused an increase in psychological and social problems in this age group. Especially the school closures, maintaining education with online distance education both have decreased the efficiency in education and caused children and adolescents to spend most of their time in the internet. Internet has not been used only for school and lessons, also using for entertainment have caused prolonged exposure to screens. As well as behavioral addictions, substance use in order to cope with difficulties has become a worthy subject to investigate in this period. It is predicted that the ongoing pandemic process will accelerate the studies about addictions in adolescents. In this review, we aimed to take attention to studies on addiction in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Gezer, Arzu; Cil, Ibrahim; Suleyman, Bahadir; Ozcicek, Fatih; Semiz, Huseyin Salih; Akagunduz, Baran; Ozer, Muhammet; Demircan, Nazım Can; Aktas, Mehmet; Suleyman, Halis

Objectives: Oral mucositis is a significant toxicity related to the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor everolimus. Oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to treatment-related mucositis, can betargeted with Hippophae rhamnoides extract (HRE). Herein, we assessed the effects of HRE on everolimus-inducedmucositis in rats.Methods: Eighteen rats were equally divided into healthy, everolimus, and everolimus plus HRE groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total glutathione (tGSH) levels along with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) gene expression levels were measured in the tongue and buccal mucosa tissues of all groups, histopathologicalchanges were also evaluated. We tested the significance of variations with one-way variance analysis. We also analyzedthe differences between groups with Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U-test.Results: HRE significantly decreased MDA and increased tGSH levels and reduced IL-1β and TNF-α gene expression inboth tissues administered everolimus (p<0.001 for each). Histological examination revealed that HRE improved epithelial formation and keratinization, disrupted by everolimus, and alleviated everolimus-related mononuclear cell infiltration (p<0.05 for each).Conclusion: In light of these results, HRE may be a promising agent to manage oral mucositis caused by everolimus,given the lack of effective therapeutic options for this type of adverse event.

Akçakaya, Mesut; Akagündüz, Baran

Objectives: Renal function is influenced by thyroid status. Changes in routine clinical chemical indicators of renal func tion in the hypothroid status are not well characterized, and are infrequently discussed in standart internal medicinetextbooks. This study was done to determine the relationship between renal function and different degrees of thyroiddysfunction. Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, thyroid and kidney function tests were analyzed in 201 patientsof whom 120 were subclinical hypothyroidism and 81 patients were overt hypothyroidism. These were compared with203 age-and sex-matched euthyroid control group. Results: Overt hypothyroid subjects showed significantly raised serum urea, creatinin and uric acid levels as comparedto controls but subclinical hypothyroid patients did not showed significant increased levels of serum urea, uric acid andcreatinin levels. Conclusion: Hypothyroid state is associated with significant derangement in biochemical parameters of renal function.Therefore, the renal function should be regularly monitored in hypothyroid patients.

Karavaş, Erdal; Hirik, Erkan

Objectives: Examine the correlation between the results of bladder voiding after uroflowmetry (PVR1) and second voiding (PVR2), and to investigate the factors affecting this in patients presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods: The study included fifty-five male patients presented to the urology outpatient clinic with LUTS and followed up with the diagnosis of BPH. The study was designed as self-controlled and prospective. All patients' medical records were taken and physical examinations, biochemistry, PSA tests and urinalysis were performed. Patients with diseases other than BPH were excluded from the study. Ultrasound (US) of the urinary tract was started when the patients felt the first urge to urinate. The size of prostate gland was measured from the dimensions. Immediately after bladder void-ing on uroflowmetry device following the examination, PVR1 was measured using US. Following the measurement, the patient was kept waiting for five minutes and PVR2 was measured again with US immediately after the second bladder voiding. A PVR of ≥50 mL was considered as residual urine.Results: The difference between PVR1 and PVR2 was statistically significant (p<0.001). Moreover, the PVR1 results of ≥50 mL reduced under 50 mL in 38.2% of the patients in PVR2 (p<0.001). The difference obtained by subtracting PVR2volume from PVR1 volume was positively correlated with the total volume of urine (p<0.001, r=0.57). There was a statis-tically significant difference in the total volume of urine (p=0.001) in the grouping by considering 50 mL as the limit in PVR1 and PVR2. There was a weak negative correlation between Qmax and PVR1 (p=0.005, r=-0.37) and PVR2 (p=0.001, r=-0.45). The patients with a PVR2 value of 50 mL or higher had a statistically lower Qmax value than the patients with a PVR2 value below 50 mL (p=0.002), but there was no significant difference with the PVR1 of the same equation (p=0.084).Conclusion: In the evaluation of the patients with the diagnosis of BPH with LUTS, we are of the opinion that the patient should be managed by considering the PVR value measured following the second voiding of the patient after routine uroflowmetry.

Altin, Sedat; Ünver, Edhem; Bolat, Erkut; Çoban, T. Abdulkadir; Aktaş, Mehmet; Fıçıcı, Merve; Tecer, Lokman Hakan; Saral, Arslan

Objectives: Air pollution increases hospital admissions due to respiratory system diseases. This study aims to investi-gate health expenditures due to hospital admissions in Erzincan, Turkey.Methods: We acquired data on daily admissions of patients with respiratory system diseases from 2015 to 2016 in Erzincan from Mengücek Gazi Education and Research Hospital (MGERH). Concurrent air quality monitoring data were obtained from the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, and meteorological data from General Directorate of Meteorology. Risk analyses were performed via the STATA® program, followed analyses of health expenditures based on patient treatment costs obtained from the Social Security Institution.Results: In Erzincan, a total of 78.793 patients (56.5% female, 43.5% male) presented to the emergency service and clinical departments of MGERH with respiratory complaints. The highest frequency diagnosis was upper respiratory system infections and most patients fell into the age groups of 15-34 and 45-64. A correlation was obtained between the amount of particulate matter 10 μm and smaller, one of the air quality parameters monitored in Erzincan.Conclusion: Increases in air pollution levels similarly increase the number of hospital admissions secondary to respira-tory system diseases by 0.72%. According to Social Security Institution data, average per capita health expenditures related to these admissions were 44.338.98 USD.

Balci, Mecdi Gurhan; Eken, Huseyin; Gulaboglu, Mine

Objectives: Renal ischemia-reperfusion damage can develop following the conditions such as shock and trauma. Cell function disorder and even necrosis can be seen during ischemia. For this reason, it is inevitable to perform the reper-fusion process as soon as possible. Taxifolin is a flavanone that is found in onions, thistle and fir bark. The purpose of study is to examinethe effect of taxifolin on renal damage induced by ischemia reperfusion in rats biochemically and histopathologically.Methods: A total of 18 albino wistar strain male rats were used in the experiment. The animals were divided into three group: Renal ischemia reperfusion group. The group which was given 50 mg/kg taxifolin after renal ischemia reperfu-sion. The group which was applied sham operation.Results: Compared with malondialdehyde levels, total glutathione levels, COX-1 and COX-2 activities of the groups: There was a statistically significant difference between the group receiving renal ischemia reperfusion and the group receiving taxifolin after renal ischemia reperfusion. In the group treated with taxifolin, renal damage observed in the renal ischemia group was found to be greatly healed histopathologically.Conclusion: It has been concluded that the use of taxifolin may be useful in correcting renal ischemia reperfusion injury.

Karakeçili, Faruk; Karavaş, Erdal; Ünver, Edhem; Çıkman, Aytekin; Binay, Umut Devrim; Koç, Alparslan

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the microorganisms causing ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) and investigate their antibiotic susceptibility.Methods: Patients diagnosed with VAP in the adult intensive care units (ICUs) between January 2015 and December2018 were included in the study. VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) automated microbiology system was usedto identify microorganisms and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility.Results: Average VAP rates was found 26.51 per 1000 ventilator-days. A single microorganism was isolated in 104 ofa total of 105 patients while two microorganisms were isolated in 1 patient. Of the isolated microorganisms, 94.3%(n=100) were Gram-negative bacteria and 5.7% (n=6) were Gram-positive bacteria. When the distribution of all microorganisms is examined in order of frequency, 62.2% were found to be Acinetobacter spp., 17.9% Pseudomonas spp., 6.6%Klebsiella pneumoniae, 4.7% Staphylococcus aureus, 3.7% Serratia marcescens, 2.8% Escherichia coli, 0.9% Enterococcusfaecium, and 0.9% Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The most effctive antibiotics against Acinetobacter spp. were foundto be colistin (96.9%), tigecycline (95%), amikacin (15%) and gentamicin (5%), whereas those the most effctive againstPseudomonas spp. were found to be colistin (94.1%), ceftazidime (57.8%), gentamicin (55.5%), ciproflxacin (50%), amikacin(50%), and piperacillin/tazobactam (42.1%).Conclusion: Acinetobacter spp. was the most common agent in VAP. The fact that Acinetobacter spp., which is resistantto carbapenems, quinolones, piperacillin-tazobactam and cephalosporins, was the most common agent in VAP, cansignifiantly affct the mortality rate of the infection