Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- ArticleAçık Erişim2027From extraction to ocular delivery: An integrated approach using apigenin and apigenin 7-O-glucoside nanosuspensions to treat corneal neovascularization
Aytekin, Eren; Gözcü, Sefa; Polat, Heybet Kerem; Akşit, Hüseyin; Karakuyu, Nasıf Fatih; Kurt, Nihat; Sofu, Gülşah Usta; Akkaya, Züleyha Yalnız; Tebrizi, Behzat; Çalış, Sema
Corneal neovascularization (CV) is a vision-threatening condition characterized by the pathological ingrowth of blood vessels. While corticosteroids and anti-VEGF agents are standard treatments, their prolonged use is associated with significant ocular side effects. This study aimed to develop and optimize nanosuspensions of Apigenin (APG) and Apigenin-7-O-glucoside (APG 7) to enhance their ocular bioavailability and evaluate their efficacy in the treatment of CV. APG and APG 7 were isolated from Petroselinum crispum . Nanosuspensions were formulated using an anti-solvent precipitation method, optimized via a 23 factorial design considering PVA concentration, Span 80 concentration, and homogenization speed. The physical properties, including particle size, PDI, and zeta potential, were characterized. In vivo efficacy was assessed over a 7-day treatment period in an alkali-burn induced rat CV model through clinical scoring, histopathology, and immunohistochemical analysis of VEGFA and IL-6 expression. The optimized APG nanosuspensions exhibited a mean particle size of ∼166.9 nm with high stability. In vivo studies demonstrated that 0.05% APG nanosuspension significantly inhibited corneal angiogenesis, reduced stromal edema, and downregulated VEGFA and IL-6 expression compared to the untreated injury group (p < 0.05). Conversely, APG 7 formulations failed to show significant therapeutic efficacy, likely due to limited corneal permeability attributed to the glycoside moiety. The 0.05% APG nanosuspension presents a promising, non-invasive therapeutic alternative for CV management, offering effective anti-angiogenic activity with improved ocular delivery characteristics.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2026Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Rosa villosa subsp. mollis R. Keller & Gams., Rosa hemisphaerica J. Herrm. and Natural Hybrid Rosa ozcelikii Korkmaz & Kandemir Essential Oil
Gözcü, Sefa; Akşit, Zeynep; Akşit, Hüseyin; Şimşek, Samed; Korkmaz, Mustafa
This study explores the essential oils (EOs) of Rosa hemisphaerica (RH), Rosa villosa subsp. mollis (RV) and the newly identified hybrid Rosa ozcelikii (RO). The major components of the EOs were found to be nonadecane (22.45%), viridiflorol (19.37%) and heneicosane (11.72%) in RH; α-muurolene (14.72%), σ-cadinene (17.88%) and farnesol (9.94%) in RV; and heptacosane (27.63%), heneicosane (12.42%) and α-citronellol (11.90%) in RO. Antibacterial activities were evaluated using the disc diffusion method. The EOs demonstrated moderate antibacterial effects: RV and RH exhibited inhibition zones of 8.0 ± 0.4 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while RO showed stronger activity with inhibition zones of 11.0 ± 0.5 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, 12.0 ± 0.4 mm against Clostridium perfringens and 9.0 ± 0.5 mm against Bacillus cereus. These findings highlight the chemical diversity and potential therapeutic applications of these Rosa species, emphasising their relevance in the search for natural antimicrobial agents.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2026Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Propolis From Eastern Anatolia: Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory, and Antimicrobial Activities
Fırat, Mehmet Çağlar; Akşit, Zeynep; Şimşek, Samed; Altın, Sevgi; Yıldız, İlyas; Akşit, Hüseyin
Propolis is recognized for its biological activities; however, its chemical composition varies according to environmental conditions, which presents challenges for quality standardization and biological evaluation. Although propolis has been widely investigated, information regarding variation among samples collected from geographically close locations within the same region is limited. Therefore, this study investigated whether propolis samples obtained from different locations within Erzincan Province exhibit differences in chemical composition and biological activities and evaluated the relationship between environmental conditions and propolis characteristics. Eleven propolis samples collected from Erzincan, Türkiye, were analyzed for phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Twenty-eight compounds were identified, with gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, hydroxybenzaldehyde, caffeic acid, and vanillin detected as major constituents. AChE inhibitory activity varied between 1.28 and 6.44 µg/mL, while BChE inhibitory activity varied between 1.85 and 9.66 µg/mL. All samples exhibited antibacterial activity. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 141.70–255.04 mg GAE/g extract and 30.48–93.81 mg QE/g extract, respectively. The KMH sample showed the antioxidant activity. The results demonstrated variation in phytochemical composition and biological activities among propolis samples collected within the same province, indicating associations between flora, environmental conditions, propolis quality, and bioactivity.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2026Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Antiproliferative Activities, and Verbascoside Content of Four Endemic Verbascum Species: V. leiocarpum, V. ozturkii, V. alyssifolium, and V. tuna-ekimii
Şimşek, Samed; Akşit, Hüseyin; Köksal, Ekrem; Altay, Ahmet
This study, for the first time, investigated the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiproliferative properties of methanolic extracts from the aerial and root parts of four endemic Verbascum species—Verbascum leiocarpum Murb., Verbascum ozturkii Karavel., Uzunh. & S.Çelik, Verbascum alyssifolium Boiss., and Verbascum tuna-ekimii Karavel., A.Duran & Hamzaoğlu—and quantitatively determined their verbascoside content using HPLC-DAD. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assays, and total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were also determined. Antidiabetic activity was assessed through α-glucosidase inhibition, and antiproliferative effects were determined in A549, MDA-MB-453, and HT-29 human cancer cell lines. Among the tested samples, the root of V. leiocarpum exhibited the highest TPC (50.89 mg GAE/g extract), FRAP value (124.16 mg TE/g extract), DPPH scavenging ability (IC50: 58.82 μg/mL), and verbascoside content (129.06 mg verbascoside/g extract). This extract also exhibited significant antiproliferative effects against A549 and MDA-MB-453 cells, with inhibition rates of 85% and 69%, respectively. In contrast, both aerial and root extracts of V. tuna-ekimii exhibited low biological activity and a lower concentration of verbascoside. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated strong positive associations between verbascoside content and both antioxidant and antiproliferative parameters. However, no significant correlation was found between verbascoside content and α-glucosidase inhibition, suggesting that other phytochemicals may be responsible for the antidiabetic activity. These findings indicate that V. leiocarpum, especially its root extract, may be considered a valuable source of natural antioxidants and antiproliferative agents. The study highlights the pharmacological potential of endemic Verbascum species that have not been comprehensively investigated phytochemically or pharmacologically and supports their further evaluation in the context of phytopharmaceutical research.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2026Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Malus domestica Burkh. ‘Ak Sakı’ Cultivar Growing in Erzincan
Akşit, Hüseyin; Aydemir, Emircan; Şimşek, Samed; Akşit, Zeynep; Çetinkaya, Büşra Demir; Kayır, Ömer
The chemical composition and biological activities of Malus domestica ‘Ak Sakı’ fruits cultivated in Erzincan, Türkiye, were analyzed. The aroma profile of the fruits was investigated for the first time. This study aimed to identify the major volatile and phenolic compounds and determine their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity properties to investigate the potential health benefits of this cultivar. GC-MS analysis identified major volatile compounds, including 1-hexanol (20.54%), benzaldehyde (13.49%), and 1-octanol (6.68%). LC-MS/MS analysis of phenolic compounds in the ethyl acetate fraction revealed high levels of chlorogenic acid (12 802.67 µg/g), catechin (8601.52 µg/g), and quercetin (805.96 µg/g). Among the tested extracts, the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (47.18 ± 0.92 µg/mL), total phenolic content (70.17 ± 0.28 mg GAE/g extract), and reducing power (90.17 ± 0.71 mg TE/g extract), followed by butanol and diethyl ether extracts. Antimicrobial tests demonstrated varying inhibition zones, with volatile oil being the most effective. In addition, extracts exhibit cytotoxicity potential. The diethyl ether fraction shows the most potent selective cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells. The findings indicate that the ‘Ak Saki’ cultivar contains diverse bioactive compounds with strong antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial properties. This fruit may contribute to the nutritional and health value of the daily diet.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and Quality Characteristics of Hulled Wheats Originating from Türkiye
Akşit, Hüseyin; Şimşek, Samed; Alkan, Fatma Ruveyda; Cetiner, Buket
This study investigated selected quality and functional characteristics of 17 hulled wheat accessions (Triticum monococcum and Triticum dicoccum) preserved in the Türkiye Seed Gene Bank, along using four modern wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum Desf.). The samples were evaluated regarding grain color parameters (L*, a*, b*), thousand kernel weight, and protein content. Furthermore, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities were were analyzed using DPPH and FRAP assays. The differences between samples were statistically significant in terms of DPPH activity and protein content. Species-wise comparison demonstrated that T. monococcum and T. dicoccum had the highest average protein levels. The highest DPPH antioxidant activity was recorded in T. monococcum sample no. 10 (859.67 µg mL⁻¹), while the lowest was in sample no. 2 (532.58 µg mL⁻¹) of the same species. Significant variation was found across the samples for L*, a*, b* color values, Chroma (C), Hue angle (h°), thousand kernel weight, total phenolic content, and FRAP antioxidant capacity. The highest TPC was detected in T. dicoccum sample no. 17 (11.23 mg GAE g⁻¹), and the highest FRAP reducing power was found in sample no. 14 of the same species (22.10 mg TE g⁻¹). These findings demonstrate notable diversity among hulled wheats regarding the evaluated traits and suggest their potential as valuable genetic resources for wheat breeding programs.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Assessment of antioxidant potential, verbascoside, and sugar composition of the floral parts of verbascum sinuatum
Akşit, Hüseyin; Şimşek, Samed
In this study, the antioxidant capacity of the hydromethanolic extract obtained from the floral parts of Verbascum sinuatum was evaluated, and its total phenolic, flavonoid, verbascoside, and sugar contents were determined. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured spectrophotometrically, while the verbascoside and sugar contents of the extract were quantified by the HPLC-UV and HPLC-RID methods, respectively. According to the results, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract was found to be IC50= 30.70±1.76 µg/mL, and the ABTS value was IC50= 17.31±0.65 µg/mL. The FRAP activity was determined as 63.94±0.98 mg TE/g extract. The total phenolic content was measured as 45.23 0.77 mg GAE/g, and the total flavonoid content as 6.31±0.50 mg QE/g. According to the HPLC-UV analysis, the verbascoside content of the extract was found to be 9.72±0.85 mg/g. Additionally, the results demonstrated that fructose (190.39 mg/g) was the most abundant sugar in the floral extract of V. sinuatum, followed by glucose (132.91 mg/g) and a relatively small amount of sucrose (7.21 mg/g). As a result, the hydromethanolic extract of V. sinuatum floral parts exhibited a considerable level of antioxidant activity, contained significant amounts of phenolic compounds, particularly verbascoside, and was rich in hexose sugars, especially fructose and glucose. These findings suggest that this plant may be considered a promising natural source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2025Insecticidal activity of essential oils from three Achillea species and associated gene expression responses in Rhyzopertha dominica
Tüfekçi, Ali Rıza; Tüfekçi, Ebru Derelli; Karakoç, Ömer Cem; Akşit, Hüseyin; Yırtıcı, Ümit; Şahin, Bilal; Filazi, İbrahim
In this study, the insecticidal activity of essential oils (EOs) of three Achillea species of Türkiye [Achillea aleppica subsp. zederbaueri (AAZ), A. arabica (AA) and A. santolinoides subsp. wilhelmsii (ASW)] on the Rhyzopertha dominica were determined. GC-MS analysis identified camphor (41.0%) and eucalyptol (21.3%) in AA; camphor (41.6%) in AAZ; and borneol (21.1%) in ASW as major compounds. Insecticidal activity of EOs against R. dominica was found to be both dose and time-dependent, with higher concentrations and longer exposure leading to increased mortality. Notably, all EOs caused 99±1% mortality at 20% (v/v) within 24 hours (p < 0.05), while AAZ EOs exhibited the strongest effects even at 10% (v/v) concentration over extended exposure periods with 67.6±2.1% mortality. Although EOs are known to induce toxicity in insects, the molecular-level expression of key detoxification genes (GST, CYP450, and CarE) was analyzed for the first time in R. dominica exposed to EOs using qRT-PCR. qRT-PCR analyses revealed that the exposure to EOs significantly upregulated detoxification-related genes in R. dominica. Notably, 24 hours of exposure to AA EOs caused a 4.89±0.35-fold increase in the GST gene expression. Partial least squares (PLS) regression showed that the strong association between biological effects and chemical profile of EOs. The findings demonstrate that Achillea EOs act via direct toxicity and detoxification induction, highlighting their potential as eco-friendly biopesticides. However, high concentration requirements may restrict application; thus, future studies should develop synergistic formulations and nano-encapsulation to enhance efficacy and stability.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025In Silico and In Vitro Antifungal Investigations of Verbascoside Isolated From Verbascum Ozturkii
Şimşek, Samed; Akşit, Hüseyin; Bayar, Yusuf; Karakurt, Tuncay
This study investigates the antifungal properties of verbascoside isolated from Verbascum ozturkii. The primary objective is to evaluate its efficacy against two agriculturally significant plant pathogens, Phytophthora infestans and Verticillium dahliae. Verbascoside was isolated using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and its structure was elucidated via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In vitro antifungal assays demonstrated moderate inhibitory effects with verbascoside (2 mg/mL) reducing mycelial growth by 23.49% for P. infestans and 19.42% for V. dahliae. To elucidate the antifungal mechanism, quantum chemical calculations and molecular docking studies were conducted. Analyses of frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) identified critical interaction sites. Molecular docking demonstrated that verbascoside binds favorably to the protein structures of V. dahliae (PDB: 5xmz) and P. infestans (PDB: 6jyg). Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of these interactions with molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) calculations indicating more favorable binding free energy for the verbascoside-6jyg complex. This research underscores the potential of verbascoside as a natural antifungal agent highlighting the significance of protein-specific interactions. The findings contribute to the development of alternative antifungal strategies and emphasize the novelty of verbascoside activity against these plant pathogens.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2025Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Hesperis isatidea (Boiss.) D.A.German & Al-Shehbaz Essential Oil
Gözcü, Sefa; Akşit, Zeynep; Şimşek, Samed; Akşit, Hüseyin
The essential oils of aerial parts of Hesperis isatidea were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the first time in the present study. The major components were determined as benzyl salicylate (13.40%), phytol (9.66%), benzyl benzoate (8.57%), undecanal (8.45%), and linalool (5.71%). The essential oil exhibited notable antibacterial activity against Clostridium perfringens, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 µg/mL, and Escherichia coli, with an MIC of 62.5 µg/mL. However, it showed limited effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, both with an MIC of 250 µg/mL, and no antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus. The results demonstrate that the essential oil possesses selective antibacterial properties, especially against specific Gram-negative bacteria, indicating its potential as a valuable complementary antimicrobial agent.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Screening of Chemical Profile by LC–MS/MS and Assessment of Biological Properties of Achillea sintenisii Hub. Mor. From Turkey
Köksal, Ekrem; Altay, Ahmet; Altın, Sevgi; Alp, Cemalettin; Ulutaş, Yakup; Şimşek, Samed; Karakuş, Sinem; Akyüz, Sümeyye; Aygül, İmdat; Akşit, Hüseyin
The aim of this study was to determine the secondary metabolites of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of Achillea sintenisii Hub. Mor. and to ascertain their divergent biological properties. LC–MS/MS analysis was performed to identify the bioactive compounds. The anticancer properties of the samples were tested against human breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453) and colon (HT-29) cancer cell lines by XTT assay. The anti-Alzheimer's studies were performed using Ellman's assay. The antimicrobial studies were carried out by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The antioxidative potential of the samples was evaluated on the basis of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays, LC–MS/MS analysis revealed 27 phytochemicals, including high concentrations of quinic acid, gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid, luteolin, cynaroside, and caffeic acid. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited the most potent cytoxicity against MDA-MB-453 cells, with an IC50 value of 83.05 µg/mL. All extracts showed stronger inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase compared to tacrine. The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts exhibited considerable antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, approaching the level of vancomycin. Methanol extract possessed the highest DPPH scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power. These findings render A, sintenisii a promising source for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2025Chemical Composition and Bioactivities of Ferulago setifolia K. Koch. Essential Oil: Antifungal, Insecticidal and Antiproliferative Potential
Akşit, Hüseyin; Şimşek, Samed; Aydın, Ali; Bayar, Yusuf; Alkan, Mustafa
The essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of Ferulago setifolia K. Koch was analysed using GC/MS, revealing 33 compounds, with 2,3,4-trimethyl benzaldehyde (41.24%), α-pinene (21.58%) and sabinene (10.46%) as major constituents. The biological activity profile of essential oils, including antifungal, insecticidal and antiproliferative activities, was documented for the first time. The oil demonstrated significant antifungal activity, completely inhibiting the growth of Verticillium dahliae at higher doses and showing dose-dependent inhibition against Alternaria solani. It also exhibited moderate insecticidal activity against Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium confusum, achieving a mortality rate of up to 49.3% after 48 h at a 5% concentration. Furthermore, the essential oil showed potent antiproliferative effects against a wide range of cancer cell lines, including lung (Calu1), breast (MCF7), colon (HT29) and gynaecological (HeLa) cancers, while maintaining low cytotoxicity on normal cell lines (MRC5, FL). The IC50 values ranged from 8.13 μg/mL (A2780) to 92.88 μg/mL (HT29), with notable results such as 22.84 μg/mL for Calu1 and 58.26 μg/mL for MCF7. Compared to the standard anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil, the essential oil exhibited superior or comparable activity against certain cancer cell lines. The results showed that essential oils have specificity against cancer cell lines. These findings suggest that the essential oil of F. setifolia holds potential as a natural source for antifungal, insecticidal and antiproliferative agents. The results contribute significantly to the pharmacological and agricultural potential of this species.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2025Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Three Endemic Scrophularia Species: S. erzincanica, S. subaequiloba, and S. libanotica var. armena
Ulutaş, Yakup; Köksal, Ekrem; Akşit, Hüseyin; Altay, Ahmet
In this study, methanolic extracts from the aerial parts and roots of three endemic Scrophularia species (Scrophularia erzincanica, Scrophularia subaequiloba, and Scrophularia libanotica var. armena) were evaluated for their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Antioxidant potential was determined through total phenolic and flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging, and FRAP assays. Antiproliferative effects were assessed against A549 (lung) and MDA-MB-453 (breast) cancer cells using the XTT assay. S. libanotica var. armena had the highest total phenolic content (129.48 mg GAE/g), while S. subaequiloba showed the strongest FRAP activity (200.67 µg TE/g) and DPPH radical scavenging (IC50: 36.83 µg/mL). S. subaequiloba extracts exhibited 83% inhibition against A549 cells and 87% against MDA-MB-453 cells. HPLC–DAD analysis revealed high verbascoside content in S. libanotica var. armena (101.24 mg/g). These findings highlight S. libanotica var. armena as a potent antioxidant source and S. subaequiloba as a promising anticancer agent.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025ISOLATION, ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY, AND MOLECULAR DOCKING ANALYSIS OF AXILLARIN FROM Tanacetum alyssifolium
Şimşek, Samed; Bayar, Yusuf; Karakurt, Tuncay; Akşit, Hüseyin; Köksal, Ekrem
The antifungal activity of axillarin, a polymethoxylated flavone isolated from the methanol extract of Tanacetum alyssifolium, was evaluated in vitro against several plant pathogenic fungi: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL), Alternaria alternata (A.A), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON), Phytophthora infestans, and Cylindrocarpon spp. Antifungal efficacy was assessed at concentrations of 200 and 400 µg/mL using the agar Petri dish method. Axillarin inhibited fungal mycelial growth in a dose-dependent manner, with the highest inhibition observed for A. alternata (33.31%), followed by FORL (29.46%), Cylindrocarpon spp. (26.64%), and FON (18.21%). No inhibitory effect was detected against P. infestans. To support the experimental findings, molecular modeling was performed using GaussView 5.0 and GAUSSIAN 09 to determine the optimized 3D conformation of axillarin through potential energy surface (PES) analysis. This optimized structure was then used in molecular docking simulations to explore interactions with fungal protein receptors. The results suggest that axillarin may serve as a natural antifungal agent with potential applications in the development of environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic fungicides. This approach supports sustainable plant protection strategies and reduces ecological risks associated with chemical pesticide use.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Alchemilla erzincanensis
Akşit, Hüseyin; Gergin, Ömer
This study aimed to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles using Alchemilla erzincanensis extract and to evaluate their antimicrobial potential against selected bacterial strains. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized using an environmentally friendly green synthesis approach based on the extract of A. erzincanensis, an endemic plant species in Turkiye. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. SEM analysis revealed that the AgNPs were spherical in shape with sizes ranging from 34.24 to 48.43 nm. XRD results confirmed the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline structure of the particles. EDX spectra indicated a high silver content. Antibacterial activity tests showed that the AgNPs exhibited notable inhibitory effects particularly against Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus and also demonstrated activity against resistant Gram-negative bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study is the first to report the use of A. erzincanensis for AgNP synthesis and highlights its potential contribution to the development of novel antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Antioxidant Activity and Theoretical Profile of Novel 2,4,6-Triarylpyridine Derivatives Based on Syringaldehyde
Akşit, Hüseyin; Şimşek, Samed; Akşit, Zeynep; Atahan, Alparslan; Musatat, Ahmad Badreddin; Albayrak, Esra Nur
Eight novel 2,4,6-triarylpyridines derived from syringaldehyde were designed and synthesized via a multicomponent one-step preparation method. Those compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activities comparing with known reference compounds. In the studied series, toluyl, methoxyphenyl, and pyridinyl-bearing derivatives exhibited considerable antioxidant activities. Meanwhile, using the B3LYP theory and SVP, TZVP basis sets, a comprehensive theoretical quantum computing approach for the synthesized compounds was established and electronic structure descriptive parameters called Fukui indices describing the radical scavenging potential were determined. Finally, the structure-activity relationship was revealed by comparing the theoretical and experimental outputs. As a result, the potential antioxidant activity of the studied compounds was also supported by a theoretical approach.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil Extracted from Hyoscyamus niger L. Inflorescence
Gözcü, Sefa; Akşit, Hüseyin; Akşit, Zeynep
This study aimed to analyze the chemical composition and evaluate the antibacterial activity of essential oils extracted from the H. niger inflorescence collected from Erzincan, Türkiye. The essential oils were extracted using hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS, identifying 23 components, with major constituents being 10-heneicosene (35.72%), phytol (20.50%), and acetic acid, butyl ester (10.10%). The antibacterial activity was tested against six bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli, using the disc diffusion method. The H. niger inflorescence essential oil exhibited moderate antibacterial activity, specifically against Clostridium perfringens, with a zone of inhibition of 11.7 ± 1.2 mm compared to the positive control imipenem (17.0±1.0 mm). The results suggest that H. niger inflorescence essential oil has potential as an antibacterial agent, highlighting the importance of exploring plant-derived compounds as alternatives to traditional antibiotics in combating multidrug-resistant bacteria.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Essential oil of endemic Centaurea paphlagonica: chemical composition, insecticidal, enzyme inhibitory activities and molecular docking approach
Rıza Tüfekçi, Ali; Karakoç, Ömer Cem; Tüfekçi, Ebru Derelli; Kürşat, Murat; Portakal, Pınar; Göçeri, Ali; Akşit, Hüseyin; Ekinci, Emel; Kazan, Buse
The key objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, insecticidal and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities of crude essential oils (CEO) extracted from the stem-leaf parts of the endemic Centaurea paphlagonica plant via steam distillation, as well as its chromatography-based fractions for the first time. According to GC-MS analysis, eighty-five compounds were identified representing 98.49% of the total essential oil. β-Eudesmol (15.17%), phytol (8.69%), and spathulenol (8.03%) were determined as the main components. The CEO demonstrated a remarkably insecticidal activity against S. granarius and R. dominica insects, ranging from 98.35% to 100%, while achieving a 50% against T. confusum at a 10% concentration. The silica gel-based fractionation of CEO resulted in four qualitatively different fractions (CEO-F1 to F4). The CEO-F2, predominantly comprised of β-eudesmol and spathulenol, exhibited superior activity compared to CEO across all tested insects. In addition, the inhibitory activity of BChE, which causes death in insects by altering nervous system activities, was assessed. BChE inhibition activity of CEO and CEO-F2 was determined as IC50=346.57 μg/mL and 96.02 μg/mL, respectively, supporting the insecticidal activity tests and molecular docking studies. The volatile oil obtained from C. paphlagonica can be considered a potential natural source to combat storage product pests, with its significant natural volatile compounds.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2024Chemical composition, antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity of Echinophora chrysantha essential oil
Akşit, Zeynep; Fırat, Mehmet Çağlar; Akşit, Hüseyin; Bayar, Yusuf; Alkan, Mustafa; Şimşek, Samed
This study presents an investigation of the chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oil (EO) extracted from aerial parts of Echinophora chrysantha (EC). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of twenty-two components, representing 97.5% of the total oil. Major constituents were determined as α-phellandrene (55.74%), β-phellandrene (17.41%), and p-cymene (8.95%). The EO was screened for antimicrobial and antifungal activity against a panel of bacteria and fungi using a broth micro-dilution and fumigant activity assay, respectively. EO sample exhibited better activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus Enterococcus faecium with 31.25, 31.25, and 62.5 μg/mL MIC values. EOs showed moderate mycelium growth inhibitory activity against Phytophthora infestans (32.9±1.9%), Verticillium dahliae (42.3±1.8%), and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (53.0±2.9%) at 8 μL/petri concentration. The insecticidal activity of EO was also evaluated against two insects (Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium confusum) showing moderate activity with mortality rates of 25.8±0.6% and 37.9±1.2% at a 5% (v/v) concentration. Literature search has not revealed any previous work on the antimicrobial, antifungal, and insecticidal activities of the EO from E. chrysantha. In conclusion, this is the first report describing the biological activities of this plant EOs. Additionally, these findings highlight the practical implications of the utilizing essential oil of EC as a potential natural remedy against a spectrum of microbial threats in both pharmaceutical and food preservation applications.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Two new compounds from endemic Centaurea paphlagonica (Bornm.) Wagenitz and their cytotoxic activities
Tüfekçi, Ali Rıza; Demirtaş, İbrahim; Akşit, Hüseyin; Arslan, Şevki; Kocabıyık, Kübra; Zeybek, Sibel; Ozen, Tevfik; Köksal, Ekrem
Centaurea paphlagonica (Bornm.) Wagenitz is an endemic plant in Turkey. Pyrocatechol, vanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid, 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid, tamarixetin, chlorogenic acid methyl ester, quercetin, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, tamarixetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercimetrin, daucosterin, paphlagonicanin B, tamarixetin-7-O-β-rutinoside, rutin, chlorogenic acid, isoorientin, orientin, 3-O-feruloylquinic acid, quercetagetin-3-methyl ether 6-O-β-glucopyranoside, diosmetin 6-C-β-glucopyranoside, quercetagetin 4′-methyl ether 7-O-β-glucopyranoside, paphlagonicanin A, nepetin, cirsiliol, desacylcynaropicrin, and 8α-O-(2′,3′-dihydroxyisobutyryl) desacylcynaropicrin were isolated from both flower and aerial parts of C. paphlagonica. These compounds were identified using 1D and 2D NMR methods and ESI-MS. The MTT assay assessed the antiproliferative activities of all isolated (known and new compounds) compounds on Caco-2, LNCaP, A549, HeLa, and HEK-293 cell lines. The 8α-O-(2′,3′-dihydroxyisobutyryl) desacylcynaropicrin demonstrated the highest activity against CaCo-2 and HeLa cancer cell lines.
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