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- ArticleAçık Erişim2013Acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, leptin, and nesfatin-1 peptide changes related to the body mass index
Ozkan, Yusuf; Timurkan, Esra Suay; Aydin, Suleyman; Sahin, Ibrahim; Timurkan, Mustafa; Citil, Cihan; Kalayci, Mehmet; Yilmaz, Musa; Aksoy, Aziz; Catak, Zekiye
This study examines the levels of acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, leptin, and nesfatin-1 peptide changes related to the body mass index (BMI). The subjects were allocated to 5 groups depending on their BMIs as follows: Group I (BMI <18.5 kg/m2); Group II (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2); Group III (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2); Group IV (BMI 30-39.9 kg/m2); Group V (BMI >40 kg/m2). Serum acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, and leptin levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nesfatin-1 was measured by the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Desacylated ghrelin levels showed a gradual and statistically significant drop from Group I to Group V, while preptin and leptin levels exhibited a gradual and significant increase from Group I to Group IV. Serum nesfatin-1 levels gradually, but not significantly, increased from Group I to Group III and showed a significant decrease in Groups IV and V. In conclusion, leptin, preptin, and acylated ghrelin (AG) levels increased with higher BMI, whereas desacylated ghrelin (DAG) decreased and nesfatin-1 showed no clear relationship to BMI.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2013Concentrations of preptin, salusins and hepcidins in plasma and milk of lactating women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus
Aydin, Suleyman; Celik, Onder; Gurates, Bilgin; Sahin, Ibrahim; Ulas, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Musa; Kalayci, Mehmet; Kuloglu, Tuncay; Catak, Zekiye; Aksoy, Aziz
This study was undertaken to ascertain whether human milk contains preptin, salusin-alpha (salusin-α) and -beta (salusin-β) and pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25, and whether there are relationships between plasma and milk preptin, salusin-α and -β and pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25 concentrations in lactating mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Blood was obtained from non-lactating women (n = 12), non-diabetic lactating women (n = 12), and GDM lactating women (n = 12). Colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk samples were collected just before suckling from healthy and GDM lactating women. Peptides concentrations were determined by ELISA and EIA. Mammary gland tissues were screened immunohistochemically for these peptides. Women with GDM had significantly higher plasma and colostum preptin concentrations than healthy lactating women during the colostral and transitional milk period. Salusin-alpha and -beta levels in milk and plasma were lower in women with GDM. Salusin-α and -β were significantly lower in both plasma and colostrums of GDM than of healthy lactating women. Women with GDM had significantly higher colostum prohepcidin and hepcidin-25 concentrations than healthy lactating women during the colostral period. Plasma prohepcidin was also higher in women with GDM than in healthy lactating women during the colostral period, but plasma prohepcidin and hepcidin-25 levels decreased during mature milk period. Transitional milk pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25 levels in women with GDM were higher than in healthy lactating women. All these results revealed that the mammary gland produces those peptides, which were present in milk at levels correlating with plasma concentrations.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2012The effects of fever on hormone ghrelins, immunoglobulins, and heat shock protein 70 expression after swine flu vaccinations
Aydin, Suleyman; Guven, Tumer; Sahin, Ibrahim; Aksoy, Aziz; Kendir, Yalçin; Ilhan, Mustafa N.; Citil, Cihan; Catak, Zekiye; Ustun, Cemal
For analyzing the changes in immunoglobulins, HSP70, ghrelin levels in blood samples were collected from volunteers vaccinated against swine flu before the vaccinations and on days 3, and 15, and 1 and 2 months after the vaccination in the presence or absence of fever associated with the it. The study included 11 subjects having developed a fever, and 13 subjects not having a fever, and 20 control subjects. Immunoglobulins were measured by nephelometry, and HSP70 and ghrelins by appropriate ELISA tests. The level of ghrelin was reduced, while the level of HSP70 was significantly increased in subjects who developed fevers. When temperatures were normalized, both levels were found similar to the control group. These results indicate that the increase in serum immunoglobulins levels associated with vaccinations, along with, elevations in HSP70 and reduced ghrelin levels associated with fever, may be the important parameters in the clinical evaluation and follow-up of treatments with vaccines.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2012Examination of the tissue ghrelin expression of rats with diet-induced obesity using radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemical methods
Aydin, Suleyman; Sahin, Ibrahim; Ozkan, Yusuf; Dag, Ersel; Gunay, Ahmet; Guzel, Saadet Pilten; Catak, Zekiye; Ozercan, Mehmet Resat
Currently, obesity is an important health problem in all countries, both developed and developing. Dietary habits and neurohormonal imbalances play a critical role in obesity. Circulating amounts of ghrelin, which is a neurohormonal hormone, decrease with obesity and increase with weight loss. Although it is known that both mRNA and peptide version of the ghrelin hormone are expressed in almost all tissues of both humans and animals, it is not known how obesity changes the expression of this hormone in the tissues, with the exception of the gastrointestinal system tissues. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to show how diet-induced obesity in rats changes ghrelin expression in all system tissues, and thus, to shed light on the etiopathology of obesity. The study included 12 male and 12 female 2-month-old Wistar albino species rats. The animals in the control group were fed on standard rat pellet, while those in the experiment group were fed ad libitum on a cafeteria-style diet for 2 months. When their body mass index reached 1 g/cm 2, diet-induced obese (DIO) rats were sacrificed in a sterile environment after one night fasting. Ghrelin localizations in the tissues were studied immunohistochemically using avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method, while tissue ghrelin amounts were analyzed using radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. When the ghrelin amounts in the urogenital system (with the exception of kidney tissues), sensory organs, respiratory system, immune system, skeletal muscle system, cardiovascular system, nervous system, and adipose tissue of rats analyzed by RIA method were compared to those in the control group, tissue ghrelin amounts in the DIO group were found lower. Immunohistochemical findings which showed a similar fall in ghrelin concentrations in the tissues were parallel to RIA results. In addition, ghrelin was shown to be synthesized in the cardiovascular system, heart muscle cells, tails of the sperms, hair follicles, lacrimal glands, tongue, and teeth of rats for the first time in this study and ghrelin syntheses in these tissues were found to decrease in obesity. Nutritional obesity is among the most common causes of obesity and the findings we have obtained through diet-induced obesity will contribute to the illumination of the etiopathology of obesity.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - Review ArticleAçık Erişim2012The past and present of paraoxonase enzyme: Its role in the cardiovascular system and some diseases
Aydin, Suleyman; Sahin, Ibrahim; Aydin, Suna; Aksoy, Aziz; Citil, Cihan
Although paraoxonase is synthesized in many tissues including the heart, colon, kidneys, lungs, small intestines and brain, its major locus of synthesis is the liver. PON1 is in close association with apolipoproteins and protects LDL against oxidation. It was reported that PON1 quantities dropped to 40 times lower than normal in cardiovascular diseases and diseases like diabetes, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, chronic renal failure, SLE, Behcet's disease, cancer, hepatitis B, obesity, metabolic syndrome, Alzheimer's and dementia. It is speculated that the concerning decline in serum PON1 amount results from single nucleotide polymorphism in the coding (Q192R, L55M) and promoter (T-108C) sites of the PON1 gene. Additionally, circulating amounts of PON1 are affected by vitamins, antioxidants, fatty acids, dietary factors, drugs, age and lifestyle. This collection attempts to review and examine the past and present studies of paraoxonase and its relation with the cardiovascular system and some relevant diseases.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2012Nesfatin-1 and other hormone alterations in polycystic ovary syndrome
Deniz, Rulin; Gurates, Bilgin; Aydin, Suleyman; Celik, Husnu; Sahin, Ibrahim; Baykus, Yakup; Catak, Zekiye; Aksoy, Aziz; Citil, Cihan; Gungor, Sami
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonly characterised by obesity, insulin resistance (IR), hyperandrogenemia and hirsutism. Nesfatin-1 a recently discovered hormone, acts upon energy balance, glucose metabolism, obesity and probably gonadal functions. This study was to evaluate the circulating levels of nesfatin-1 in patients with PCOS (n = 30) and in age and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls (n = 30). PCOS patients had significantly lower levels of nesfatin-1 (0.88 ± 0.36 ng/mL) than healthy controls (2.22 ± 1.14 ng/mL). PCOS patients also had higher gonadotropin and androgen plasma concentrations, Ferriman-Gallwey scores, blood glucose levels and a homeostasis model of assessment-IR index (HOMA-IR) index than in healthy women. Correlation tests in PCOS subjects detected a negative correlation between nesfatin-1 levels and BMI, fasting blood glucose, insulin levels and a HOMA-IR index. Lower nesfatin-1 concentration may plays a very important role in the development of PCOS.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2012Changes in serum obestatin, preptin and ghrelins in patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Baykus, Yakup; Gurates, Bilgin; Aydin, Suleyman; Celik, Husnu; Kavak, Burcin; Aksoy, Aziz; Sahin, Ibrahim; Deniz, Rulin; Gungor, Sami; Guzel, Saadet P.
Objectives: The present study aims to establish the levels of acylated ghrelin, desacylated ghrelin, obestatin and preptin, during pregnancy and the postpartum period in pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and healthy pregnancy women. Design and methods: The study registered 20 pregnant women with GDM and 20 healthy pregnant women. Fasting venous blood samples were collected from all cases between weeks 24 and 28 of pregnancy and after 24. h postpartum. Hormones were analyzed using ELISA method. Results: Serum acylated ghrelin (p:0.001), desacylated ghrelin (p:0.001), obestatin (p:0.006) and preptin (p:0.001) levels were all found statistically higher in both groups during the postpartum period, when compared to the pregnancy period. A positive correlation was established between desacylated ghrelin and acylated ghrelin (p:0.008), desacylated ghrelin and preptin (p:0.012) and preptin and insulin (p:0.039) in the GDM group during pregnancy. Conclusions: The studied hormones (especially desacylated ghrelin and obestatin) are critical in GDM pathophysiology based on the comparison of measure after and before the delivery.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2011Ghrelin expression of endometrium hyperplasia and endometrioid carcinoma
Dagli, Adile F.; Aydin, Suleyman; Kocdor, Hilal; Gurates, Bilgin; Sahin, Ibrahim; Catak, Zekiye; Ozercan, Mehmet R.; Ozercan, Ibrahim. H.
Background. Endometrium carcinoma ranks fourth among female carcinomas. Therefore, early diagnosis of endometrium pre-malignant lesions is emphasised, and attempts are made to identify the risk factors. Since hyperplasias, particularly those with atypia, are held responsible for the development of the most common endometrium carcinomas, it is important to definitely distinguish between well-differentiated carcinomas and hyperplasia with atypia. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether ghrelin expression had a role in distinguishing between benign, pre-malignant and malignant lesions of endometrium. Methods. Tissue ghrelin expressions of a total of 60 cases, who were diagnosed in the Pathology Department Laboratory of Fiirat University Medical School, and of whom 10 were in the proliferation phase, 10 had simple hyperplasia without atypia, 10 had simple hyperplasia with atypia, 10 had complex hyperplasia without atypia, 10 had complex hyperplasia with atypia and 10 had endometrioid carcinoma cases, were examined using immunohistochemical method. Additionally, tissue samples were homogenised to analyse tissue ghrelin levels in the supernatants according to RIA method. Samples from the parotid glands were used as positive control for ghrelin. Cells that exhibited cytoplasmic staining with ghrelin antibody were evaluated as positive. Results. Immunohistochemical examination showed that ghrelin expression increased markedly in the proliferation phase, relative to hyperplasias and carcinoma. These results were parallel to ghrelin levels in tissue supernatants. Immunohistochemical and RIA analysis results indicate that ghrelin expression either markedly decreases or is entirely depleted in endometrial carcinomas. Conclusions. Therefore, we think that ghrelin expression can be useful in differentiating not only endometrium carcinomas from benign lesions but also complex hyperplasias with atypia, which pose diagnostic difficulties.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2011Diet-induced obesity suppresses ghrelin in rat gastrointestinal tract and serum
Sahin, Ibrahim; Aydin, Suleyman; Ozkan, Yusuf; Dagli, Adile Ferda; Akin, Kadir Okhan; Guzel, Saadet Pilten; Catak, Zekiye; Ozercan, Mehmet Resat
The aims of the present study were to examine ghrelin expression in serum and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) tissues, and to measure tissue ghrelin levels and obesity-related alterations in some serum biochemical variables in rats with diet-induced obesity (DIO). The study included 12 male rats, 60 days old. The rats were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 6). Rats in the DIO group were fed a cafeteria-style diet to induce obesity, while those in the control group were fed on standard rat pellets. After a 12 week diet program including an adaptation period all rats were decapitated, tissues were individually fixed, ghrelin expression was examined by immunohistochemistry, and tissue and serum ghrelin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Serum biochemical variables were measured using an autoanalyzer. When the baseline and week 12 body mass index and GIT ghrelin expression were compared between DIO and control rats, BMI had increased and ghrelin expression decreased due to obesity. The RIA results were consistent with these findings. Serum glucose, LDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol levels were elevated and HDL cholesterol significantly decreased in the DIO group. A comparison of GIT tissues between the control and obese groups demonstrated that ghrelin was decreased in all tissues of the latter. This decrease was brought about a decline in the circulating ghrelin pool. This suggests that rather than being associated with a change in a single tissue, obesity is a pathological condition in which ghrelin expression is changed in all tissues.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - LetterAçık Erişim2011To what extent is it right to measure serum vaspin, obestatin, and apelin-36 levels without a protease inhibitor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?
Aydin, Suleyman; Sahin, Ibrahim; Demirel, Ulvi; Aksoy, Aziz
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2011Immunohistochemical and quantitative analysis of ghrelin in Syzygium aromaticum
Aydin, Suleyman; Dagli, Adile F.; Ozkan, Yusuf; Kendir, Yalcin; Sahin, Ibrahim; Aksoy, Aziz; Ozercan, Ibrahim H.
Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, has been identified in mammals, fish, amphibians, birds, reptiles and some plants. The present investigation was designed to determine whether ghrelin is present in the appetite-stimulating plants Syzygium aromaticum and Salvadora persica, using IHC (immunohistochemistry) to indicate the location of the peptide and ELISA to measure the concentration. ELISA demonstrated that a ghrelin-like substance was present at concentrations of 4070.75±664.67 and 75.25±24.49 pg/mg in the tissues of flower bud of S. aromaticum and branch of S. persica, respectively. The concentration of ghrelin in human salivary gland tissue was 436.00±95.83 pg/mg. Ghrelin was predominantly localized to the T (trachea) and PCs (parenchyma cells) in the flower bud of S. aromaticum. However, no ghrelin immunoreactivity was observed in the PC or T of the branch of S. persica. The evolutionary role of this peptide hormone in plants and animals suggests that they have evolved in a more similar way than previously thought.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2010Ghrelin, nitrite and paraoxonase/arylesterase concentrations in cement plant workers
Aydin, Suleyman; Aydin, Suna; Croteau, Gerry A.; Sahin, Íbrahim; Citil, Cihan
Occupational cement dust exposure has been associated with an increased risk of liver abnormalities, pulmonary disorders, and carcinogenesis. Decreased antioxidant capacity and increased plasma lipid peroxidation have been posed as possible causal mechanisms of disease. Accordingly, this study examined the serum paraoxonase (PON1) arylesterase (AE), ghrelin, HDL-C, LDL-C and serum nitrite (NOx) levels in cement dust exposed workers. Twenty-eight volunteer male cement plant workers and 30 volunteer control male workers, aged 29-54 years, participated. The concentrations of serum PON1, AE, NOx, ghrelin, and HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were measured in both groups. PON-1, AE, ghrelin and HDL-cholesterol were lower in the cement plant workers than in controls. Serum nitrite (NOx), and LDL-C levels in cement plant workers were higher (p<0.05) than in the control group workers. No correlation was observed between the serum levels of HDL-cholesterol and PON1 and between HDL-cholesterol and ghrelin. A weak negative correlation was detected between the serum ghrelin and NOx. The study results strongly suggest that HDL-paraoxonase, AE, ghrelin, HDL-C, and high NOx, and LDL-C levels may have a role in disease involving oxidative damage. However, some studies are necessary to address the association between occupational dust exposure and respiratory symptoms.
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