Nitrogen-doped MXene for supercapacitor: A review

Efforts to enhance the properties of MXene have been ongoing since its discovery in 2011. Various strategies have been explored to improve its performance for many applications. One such strategy is doping MXene with heteroatoms. Doping has been studied for several applications, including supercapacitors, with particular attention given to nitrogen doping. This review focuses on doping MXene with nitrogen for supercapacitor applications. It discusses the effects of doping on the chemical, physical, and structural properties of MXene, the doping mechanisms (lattice substitution, functional substitution, and surface adsorption), and the contributions of each mechanism to the enhancement of electrochemical performance. Additionally, the review discusses doping methods and their impact on the performance of MXene as supercapacitor electrodes. It presents results from experimental studies and discusses several of these findings. Finally, it provides recommendations to guide future research and optimize outcomes in this field. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd