Araştırmacılar(5)

• Arslan, Yusuf Kemal
• Hayme, Serhat
• Huyut, Mehmet Tahir
• Mutlu, F.
• Saygın, Murat

• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2027/r/ebyu/10587
  State-specific respiratory signatures for affective and stress recognition: Interpretable respiratory markers, autocorrelation lags, and compact CNN models

  Velichko, Andrei; Huyut, Mehmet Tahir

  Respiratory activity is a direct and interpretable physiological channel for wearable stress and affective-state recognition, yet many studies emphasize classification accuracy without identifying which respiratory properties separate different states. This work reframes RESP-based recognition as a joint predictive and explanatory problem. Using the chest respiratory channel of the WESAD dataset, we analyze 60 s windows under leave-one-subject-out validation and combine two complementary branches: compact raw-signal one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D-CNNs) and physically grouped handcrafted respiratory signatures. The primary application task is binary stress versus non-stress detection, while baseline, stress, amusement, and meditation are additionally analyzed in a one-vs-rest setting to reveal state-specific respiratory markers. The feature space is organized into respiratory timing, breath-to-breath variability, waveform statistics, spectral/time–frequency descriptors, and autocorrelation/nonlinear predictability descriptors, with the raw 60 s signal treated as a sixth representation for the CNN branch. We introduce autocorrelation transition lags (Zpm/Zmp) as interpretable markers of respiratory correlation scale and separately evaluate exploratory forecast-error-growth/Lyapunov-like descriptors. In the final CNN refit setting, the raw-signal model achieved the strongest stress-vs-rest performance (accuracy 96.72%, macro-F1 95.30%, MCC 90.61%). In contrast, compact feature models were stronger for baseline (MCC 65.34%), amusement (MCC 35.69%), and especially meditation (MCC 88.65%). Strict nested reanalysis of the auxiliary Top-20 stress search yielded mean MCC=82.29% versus 85.45% originally, indicating modest selection optimism. These results show that CNNs are most useful for the practical stress detector, whereas interpretable respiratory signatures provide stronger and more physiologically transparent state-specific markers for several non-stress conditions.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/18312
  Evaluation of Paramedic Pre-hospital's Analgesic Management of Trauma Patients

  Kantar, Y.; Hayme, S.

  Background:Although analgesic management is a critical priority in the guidelines for trauma patients, paramedics' prehospital administration practices vary.Objectives:This study evaluated the paramedics' practices regarding prehospital analgesia administration in trauma patients.Methods:The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the records of patients 18 years and above who were brought to our hospital via ambulance were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 506 patients with trauma were included in this phase of the study. In the second phase, paramedics' practices regarding pre-hospital analgesic administration to trauma patients, such as drugs, and frequency. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and are presented as mean +/- standard deviation for numerical variables and as frequency and percentage for nominal variables. Nominal variables were evaluated using the Pearson Chi-Square test.Results:According to data collected retrospectively in the first phase of the study, prehospital analgesia was administered to only 1% of the 506 patients. In the second phase of the study, when asked about the reasons for not administering prehospital analgesia, it was found that 77.5% of paramedics believed that doing so would interfere with the hospital physician's examination.Conclusion:High rates of interventions such as spinal board immobilization, cervical collar application, and appropriate splinting or dressing have been observed in trauma patients. Paramedics were also found to be quite successful in establishing intravenous access. However, the rates of fluid administration and analgesia were considerably lower compared to the literature.

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• ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/19025
  The Relationship Between Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness, Carotid Intima Media Thickness, and Aortic Propagation Velocity

  Aydin, Sonay; Ozcicek, Fatih; Hayme, Serhat; Coşgun, Muharrem Said; Ozturk, Ersin; Öztürk, Gülay Kızılgün

  Objective: Cardiovascular disease is prevalent among individuals diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and aortic propagation velocity (APV) are associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study is to determine whether NAFLD is associated with EAT, CIMT, and APV. Methods: Individuals aged ≥18 and <65 years who presented for routine follow-up were included. The study population comprised 75 healthy controls (40 females, 35 males) and 141 patients with NAFLD (68 females, 73 males). Epicardial adipose tissue thickness, carotid intima-media thickness, and aortic propagation velocity were evaluated using transthoracic echocardiography in patients who were diagnosed with hepatosteatosis by ultrasound during routine check-ups at the internal medicine clinic. Results: NAFLD was positively associated with epicardial adipose tissue thickness and carotid intima–media thickness, and negatively associated with aortic propagation velocity. Patients with NAFLD had significantly higher EAT and CIMT values and lower APV values than controls. Logistic regression analysis identified body mass index (BMI) and EAT as independent predictors of hepatosteatosis. Each unit increase in BMI was associated with a 1.29-fold increase in the risk of hepatosteatosis, whereas each unit increase in EAT was associated with a 5.49-fold increase. Conclusion: Given the established associations of CIMT, APV, and EAT with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, assessment of patients with NAFLD using these noninvasive parameters may help identify subclinical cardiovascular risk.

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• ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/18896
  Comparison of Intern Doctors and ChatGPT in Emergency Cases Assessment

  Kantar, Yusuf; Imamoglu, Melih; Bülbül, Emre; Hayme, Serhat; Eden, Arif Onur; Bilgin, Yasin; Sari, Fatih Mehmet

  Objective: Accurate and timely diagnosis in emergency departments is crucial due to the high patient volume and time-sensitive nature of care. Intern doctors, who are nearing the completion of medical school, frequently work in emergency departments in many countries. However, after graduation, physicians are often expected to assume critical patient care responsibilities despite limited experience. Artificial intelligence models can quickly analyze patient data and generate diagnoses, thus assisting inexperienced physicians in enhancing diagnostic accuracy. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ChatGPT-4 in emergency department case scenarios and compare its accuracy with that of intern doctors. Materials and Methods: This study involved intern doctors participating in the internship program during the 2024-2025 academic year. A total of 36 case-based questions, categorized by difficulty level, were administered to 155 interns and subsequently presented to artificial intelligence. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and a one-sample t-test was conducted to compare the diagnostic accuracy between intern doctors and ChatGPT. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Intern doctors achieved an overall correct response rate of 58.3%, while ChatGPT achieved a rate of 97.2%. A statistically significant, moderate negative correlation was found between question difficulty and interns' performance (r=-0.684; p<0.001), indicating decreased accuracy as question difficulty increased. ChatGPT consistently demonstrated significantly higher performance across all difficulty levels. Conclusion: ChatGPT-4 may serve as a valuable diagnostic support tool in emergency departments, particularly for newly graduated physicians with limited clinical experience.

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• ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/11407
  Effects of Chronic Ghrelin Administration On Metabolic Profile, S100A4 Levels, and Cardiohepatic Histopathology In Type 2 Diabetic Rats

  Ergul, Ozlem; Huyut, Mehmet Tahir

  Each year, nearly 18 million deaths occur due to cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as hypertension are recognized as major underlying risk factors. The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of ghrelin on the blood lipid profile, LDH, serum and hepatic S100A4 levels, and liver and cardiac histology in a high-fat diet-HFD/ streptozotocin-induced animal model of type 2 DM (T2DM). HbA1c, LDL, cholesterol and triglyceride lev els were significantly increased in the untreated T2DM group compared to controls, whereas HDL and LDH levels were decreased. In the T2DM+Metformin group, LDL, cholesterol, triglyceride and HbA1c levels were reduced, while HDL and LDH levels were increased compared to the T2DM group. In the T2DM+Ghrelin group, LDL levels were significantly increased whereas HDL, cholesterol, triglyceride and HbA1c levels were decreased relative to untreated diabetic animals. Serum and hepatic S100A4 levels were significantly increased in T2DM group, however ghrelin treatmen t significantly reduced hepatic S100A4 levels. Histological evaluation of cardiac tissue in untreated diabetic rats revealed structural irregularities, cardiomyocyte degeneration, reduced cell size, myocardial damage, and lymphatic infiltration. These diab etes-induced myocardial alterations were markedly improved by ghrelin or metformin treatment. In liver tissue, extensive hepatocyte damage, necrosis, and cellular degeneration were observed in the T2DM group, whereas both treatments reduced lymphocytic infiltration and hepatocellular damage. In conclusion, the results indicate that ghrelin may represent a potential therapeutic candidate for attenuating T2DM-related structural cardiac and hepatic damage; however, additional investigations are required to confirm these effects.

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• ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10862
  Multiparametric MRI in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Correlation with clinical classification and its potential role in diagnosis and management—A retrospective observational study

  Aydin, Hale; Bozkurt, Cansu; Hayme, Serhat; Simsek, Gulcin Guler; Cavis, Tugba; Alp, Emre; Tasar, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Kerim Bora

  Background Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM) is a rare, benign inflammatory breast disease with a variable clinical course. While recent clinical classifications provide guidance for management based on disease severity, objective imaging correlates remain limited. Purpose To assess the correlation between multiparametric breast MRI parameters and consensus based clinical types of IGM at presentation. Materials and methods This retrospective observational study included 40 patients with biopsy-proven IGM (age 18–45) who underwent multiparametric breast MRI. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, STIR (Short Tau Inversion Recovery) signal intensities, and enhancement patterns were analyzed according to clinical classification. In abscess-forming lesions, separate ADC measurements were obtained from necrotic cores and peripheral walls. Proton MR spectroscopy was performed in 22 patients with indeterminate findings. Statistical analyses included ANOVA with post hoc tests, chi-square, Spearman correlation, and inter-observer agreement using ICC and Cohen’s Kappa. Results STIR signal intensity and ADC values increased significantly from Type 1 to Type 4 disease (p < 0.001). The necrosis-to-wall ADC ratio showed a modest correlation with the consensus-based clinical types (r = 0.35, p = 0.036). MR spectroscopy revealed no significant metabolite differences, although borderline lactate elevation was observed in later clinical types (Types 3–4). Specifically, mean ADC values rose from 1.04 to 1.66 × 10⁻3 mm2/s, while mean STIR signal intensity increased from 154 to 300 a.u. across the clinical types (p < 0.001). Conclusion Clinical classification systems based on disease severity are increasingly emphasized to standardize the diagnosis and management of IGM. Multiparametric breast MRI provides noninvasive imaging correlates of the consensus-based clinical types (Types 1–4) at presentation. ADC values and STIR signal intensity appear to be promising quantitative imaging correlates of consensus-based clinical types at presentation, whereas enhancement patterns should be interpreted mainly as descriptive baseline findings. These findings support the use of multiparametric MRI as an adjunct for baseline characterization of IGM.

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• ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10779
  Assessment of methylene blue and NAD on LPS-induced acute brain injury: effects on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and blood–brain barrier integrity in a rat endotoxemia model

  Doganay, Songul; Üstündağ, Hilal; Erbaş, Elif; Yanar, Sevinc; Hayme, Serhat; Kurt, Nezahat

  Sepsis-induced brain dysfunction remains a significant challenge with limited therapeutic options, warranting exploration of multi-target approaches. Methylene blue (MET) is a phenothiazine derivative with mitochondrial-enhancing and electron transport chain regulatory properties, while nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) serves as a crucial cofactor in cellular energy metabolism and redox reactions. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of MET and NAD, individually and in combination, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis model. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 35) were randomized into five groups: control, LPS (8 mg/kg), LPS + NAD (250 mg/kg), LPS + MET (15 mg/kg), and LPS + NAD + MET. Brain tissues were analyzed for oxidative stress, inflammation, and blood–brain barrier integrity. The combination therapy demonstrated the most pronounced improvements across clinical parameters, antioxidant capacity evidenced by significantly elevated superoxide dismutase levels (p < 0.001) and cerebral histopathological outcomes. It also significantly reduced myeloperoxidase activity (p < 0.001) compared to the LPS group. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly decreased in both MET and NAD monotherapy groups (p < 0.05), while TNF-α showed a decreasing trend without statistical significance. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were maintained in the combination group, comparable to controls, while TGF-β showed differential modulation across treatment groups. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed LPS-induced blood–brain barrier disruption, evidenced by reduced occludin expression (p < 0.01), increased aquaporin-4 expression in perivascular astrocytic end-feet (p < 0.05), and elevated glial fibrillary acidic protein reactivity in protoplasmic astrocytes (p < 0.01). In conclusion, MET and NAD individually provided significant protection against LPS-induced brain injury by reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal damage. The combined treatment offered incremental benefits in certain outcomes. These findings suggest that both agents may have therapeutic potential in SAE.

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• Review ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10662
  Genotype-phenotype correlation of CFTR variants in cystic fibrosis patients

  Canitez, Yakup; Ozemri Sag, Sebnem; Nalbant, Nurdeniz; Alemdar, Adem; Hayme, Serhat; Korkmaz, Merve; Demirdogen, Ezgi; Celebi, Solmaz; Hacimustafaoglu, Mustafa Kemal; Ozgur, Taner

  Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. In Turkiye, high genetic diversity and consanguinity contribute to a heterogeneous CFTR variant spectrum; however, genotype–phenotype data remain limited. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 92 Turkish CF patients (36 homozygous, 56 compound heterozygous) to characterize CFTR variant diversity and clinical outcomes. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Clinical data were analyzed using chi-square and nonparametric tests (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 46 distinct CFTR variants were identified. The most frequent were F508del (24%), followed by Y515X (7.33%), G542X (6%), N1303K (5.33%) and D110H (4%). Meconium ileus (p = 0.017) and CF-related diabetes mellitus (p = 0.013) were significantly more frequent among homozygous patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the most prevalent pathogens. CFTR modulator therapy eligibility was significantly higher among compound heterozygous patients (p = 0.007). Non-missense variants were associated with higher sweat chloride levels and more frequent severe pancreatic insufficiency and abnormal fecal fat quantification compared with missense variants (p = 0.037; p = 0.001; p = 0.033). Conclusion: This study highlights the heterogeneous CFTR variants in Turkiye and suggests genotype–phenotype correlations. Homozygous patients tended to show more severe gastrointestinal and endocrine involvement, while compound heterozygotes may exhibit comparatively milder disease features and higher treatment eligibility.

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• ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10547
  Hemoglobin–Albumin–Lymphocyte–Platelet (HALP) score as a low-cost adjunct for osteoporosis risk stratification in primary care

  Vatansever, Mehmet; Gürsoy, Ersan; Hayme, Serhat

  Background: This study aimed to evaluate the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score as an exploratory adjunctive marker associated with reduced bone density, particularly in resource-limited settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2022 and October 2023 at the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Hospital in Trabzon, Türkiye. This study included 267 patients who had not been previously diagnosed with osteopenia or osteoporosis and had undergone a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan within the previous year. The participants were categorized into the normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic groups according to their DEXA results. Statistical analysis included receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve assessment, sensitivity and specificity calculations, and multiple logistic regression analysis to evaluate the discriminative performance of the HALP score and its adjusted association with reduced bone density. Results: Patients with reduced bone density (osteopenia or osteoporosis) had substantially lower HALP scores than those with a normal bone density. The area under the curve (AUC) for the HALP score was 0.625, indicating a limited discriminative ability. The HALP score exhibited a sensitivity of 65.36% and a specificity of 55.26% for identifying reduced bone density. In multivariable analysis, higher HALP remained associated with lower odds of osteopenia/osteoporosis after adjustment (OR = 0.757, 95% CI 0.624–0.917, p = 0.004). Conclusion: Given its limited discriminative ability, HALP should not be interpreted as a stand-alone screening test. At most, it may represent a low-cost exploratory adjunctive signal that could help support consideration of confirmatory DEXA in resource-limited settings, pending external validation. Trial registration: Not applicable.

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• ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10522
  Evaluation of Serum Prestin as a Potential Biomarker for Trauma Severity in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

  Yalınkılıç, Abdulaziz; Huyut, Zübeyir; Akyol, Mehmet Edip; Gündemir, Damla Ayan; Huyut, Mehmet Tahir; Çetin, Yaser Said

  Objective: Prestin, expressed in cochlear outer hair cells, is essential for auditory signal amplification and may serve as a biomarker for cochlear injury related to trauma. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of prestin in the diagnosis and prognosis of cranial trauma. Methods: A total of 150 participants were included, comprising 110 patients aged 18–70 who were treated for head trauma and 40 age-matched healthy controls. The patients were divided into two groups of 55 each, with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) ≥13 and GCS ≤8, according to the GCS. Prestin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum on days 1, 3, and 7 in the patient and also the control groups. In the diagnosis of trauma and determining trauma severity, important risk levels (cut-off values) according to prestin's measurement days were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: Prestin values in both the GCS ≥13 and GCS ≤8 groups were dramatically lower than those in the control on all measurement days. Additionally, prestin values in the GCS ≤8 group on days 3 and 7 tended to be lower than those in the GCS ≥13 group. Furthermore, there was a tendency for serum prestin values to increase as time progressed especially in the GCS ≥13 group. ROC analysis showed that prestin values on the first, third, and seventh days showed high accuracy in detecting traumatized individuals with area under the curve (AUC) values of 85%, 81%, and 75%, respectively (sensitivity: 84%, 79%, and 83%, respectively). Also, prestin data on the first day accurately detected the severity of trauma at a high rate (sensitivity, 82%; AUC, 90%). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that serum prestin levels on the first day after trauma may provide supportive information regarding trauma severity. However, further controlled studies are needed before definitive diagnostic or prognostic use.

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