Çevik, FE; Yücel, D; Avcı, ÜE; Erkıran, M

Inci, Ramazan; Sağlam, Mehmet; Köroğlu, Sevgi; Oluç, Tuğba; Gül, Nursel; Yıldız, Metin

Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effect of smombie (attention distraction and alienation from the environment due to smartphone use) and phubbing (ignoring others by being preoccupied with one’s phone during face-to-face interactions) levels on adolescents’ psychological well-being. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 626 adolescents living in Turkey between June–September 2025. Data was collected via an online survey administered through Google Forms. The data collection tools used were the Smombie Scale for Adolescents, the General Phubbing Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. R programming language 4.1.3, G*Power 3.1, and SPSS-22 programs were used in the analysis of the study. Results: According to hierarchical regression analysis results, smombie level explained 15.7% of the variance in psychological well-being (R2 = 0.157; F(1,624) = 117.64, p < 0.001) and was found to be negatively associated with psychological well-being (β = − 0.398; 95% CI [− 0.475, − 0.329]). With the addition of phubbing level, the total variance explained by the model increased to 22.3% (R2 = 0.223; F(2,623) = 90.70, p < 0.001). In this model, both smombie (β = − 0.171; 95% CI [− 0.266, − 0.079]) and phubbing (β = − 0.344; 95% CI [− 0.224, − 0.130]) levels showed statistically significant and negative relationships with psychological well-being; with phubbing being a stronger predictor. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that smombie and phubbing behaviors in adolescents are negatively associated with psychological well-being. The cross-sectional design of this study limits causal inferences. Therefore, future research should employ a longitudinal design to determine the direction of these relationships and their effects over time.

Sariali̇oğlu, Arzu; Oluç, Tuğba

Background: Blood sampling is one of the invasive procedures in a hospital setting that can cause fear, anxiety, and stress in children. Aim: The study aimed to determine the effect of the Liquid Motion Bubbler Timer Soothing Sensory Toy on children’s fear and anxiety levels during blood sampling. Methods: The study was conducted with a total of 90 children aged 4–6 years, divided into two groups (45 in the intervention group and 45 in the control group). The data were collected by face-to-face interviews using the “Questionnaire Form”, “Children’s Fear Scale”, and “Children’s State Anxiety”. Children in the intervention group were made to play “Liquid Motion Bubbler Timer Soothing Sensory Toy” before and during the blood sampling procedure. The Dependent Groups T-Test, the Wilcoxon Test, the Independent Groups T-Test, and the Mann-Whitney U-Test were used in the analysis of the data. Results: The Liquid Motion Bubbler Timer Soothing Sensory Toy group had significantly lower fear and anxiety scores compared to the control group (p<0.05). The Liquid Motion Bubble Timer Soothing Sensory Toy has a significant effect on children’s fear and anxiety. Conclusion: The innovative “Liquid Motion Bubble Timer Soothing Sensory Toy” is effective against fear and anxiety in children, and can be used by healthcare professionals working in pediatric units during invasive procedures with children. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (No: NCT06476418, Date: 03/05/2024, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06476418?locStr=Erzurum,%20T%C3%BCrkiye&country=T%C3%BCrkiye&state=Erzurum&city=Erzurum&viewType=Card&cond=child&rank=17)

Gül, Emre; Timuroglu, Muhammed Kürsat

Background: Servant leadership in the healthcare sector can lead to negative outcomes in certain contexts, such as encouraging unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) for the benefit of the organization. The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating role of identification with leader and the moderating role of positive reciprocity belief in the relationship between servant leadership and UPB, drawing on social exchange and social identity theory. In this context, the aim is to highlight not only the generally accepted positive outcomes of servant leadership in literature but also its potentially unknown other outcomes. Methods: Healthcare workers employed at healthcare institutions in a province located in Türkiye’s Eastern Anatolia Region were selected as the working sample. Data was collected from 456 nurses using the convenience sampling method. Scales whose validity and reliability were confirmed by other investigations were employed in this cross-sectional study. Results: When the findings of the study were evaluated, a positive and significant relationship was found between servant leadership and UPB. However, it was determined that identification with leader mediating role in the relationship between servant leadership and UPB. Furthermore, the results supported the moderated mediation model and showed that the indirect effect of servant leadership on UPB through identification with leader was stronger in situations where positive reciprocity belief was high compared to situations where it was low. Conclusions: This study has revealed a positive relationship between servant leadership and UPB in the healthcare sector, and that this relationship involves the mediating role of identification with leader and the moderating role of positive reciprocity belief. Consequently, this research provides some theoretical and practical implications for practitioners by revealing that servant leadership may lead to unethical behaviors that could be detrimental to the organization in the long term, that identification with leader in the healthcare sector may have dark or potentially negative aspects, and that it is extremely important to know the levels of positive reciprocity belief among employees in healthcare organizations.

Agaoglu, Ferhat Onur; Tarsuslu, Sinan; Koçak, Daimi; Baş, Murat

Objective: This study was designed to culturally adapt the “Attitude towards Artificial Intelligence Ethics (EAI)” scale into Turkish and to evaluate its validity and reliability in the Turkish population. Methods: This study was designed as methodological research to adapt the Attitudes Towards EAI Scale into Turkish and to evaluate its psychometric properties. The linguistic and cultural adaptation of the scale was carried out using the translation-back translation method. The study sample sample consisted of 656 undergraduate nursing students studying at a university in Türkiye. Participants were determined by a simple random sampling method, and voluntary participation was taken as a basis. Results: When the findings were evaluated, the results of the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) showed that the original five-factor structure of the scale (transparency, harmlessness, privacy, responsibility, and fairness) was largely preserved. According to the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results, it was determined that the five-factor model had good fit values. The scale’s internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach Alpha (α) coefficient, and α values for all sub-dimensions ranged between 0.85 and 0.95. These results show that the scale has a high level of reliability. In addition, composite reliability (CR) values above 0.70 and average variance extracted (AVE) values above 0.50 supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the scale. Furthermore, discriminant validity was further confirmed by MSV (< 0.31) and ASV (< 0.18), and EFA results via the FACTOR program (RMSEA = 0.047, CFI = 0.993, NNFI = 0.985) also supported the five-factor structure. Measurement invariance across gender was established at all levels (∆CFI < 0.01). Conclusion: The results show that the EAI is an appropriate tool for assessing university students’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence ethics in Turkish society. Implications: In this direction, testing the scale in different professional groups, age groups, and cultural contexts in the future may expand its generalizability and usage areas. In addition, such scales are thought to provide important contributions to educational programs and policy development processes to increase ethical awareness in today’s rapidly developing artificial intelligence technologies.

Seçer, Emrah; Malli, Ahmet Yavuz; Eki̇nci̇, Hasan Buğra; Esentürk, Oğuz Kaan

Purpose: This study examines how teachers' perceptions of their principal's trust in them are associated with their organizational commitment, with a particular focus on the mediating role of marginalization and isolation. Methodology: Data were collected from 247 physical education and sports teachers using validated instruments measuring perceived principal trust, organizational commitment, and marginalization and isolation. Confirmatory factor analysis and bootstrap mediation analyses were conducted. Results: The findings revealed that perceived principal trust was positively associated with organizational commitment and negatively associated with marginalization and isolation. Higher levels of perceived trust corresponded with lower feelings of marginalization and isolation, which in turn were linked to more substantial organizational commitment. The indirect effect of marginalization and isolation was statistically significant, providing support for the mediation hypothesis. Conclusion: Acknowledging the study's cross-sectional design, the results suggest that leadership practices aimed at enhancing teachers' perception of being trusted are crucial for mitigating feelings of marginalization and fostering organizational commitment. Practical implications involve promoting leadership behaviors that not only build trust but also actively and clearly signal it, thereby creating a more inclusive and supportive school environment where all teachers feel valued.