Aktaş, Sururi

Bu çalışmada ceza adaleti sisteminin etkililiği ve koruması gereken temel hukuki değerler ana hatlarıyla ele alınmıştır. Özellikle, doğru bir ceza hukuku kavramı bakımından yaptırım-hukuk normu ilişkisi üzerinde durulmuştur. Yaptırımın, hukuk kavramının bir unsuru olmadığı, onu uygulamada etkili kılan bir araç olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Ceza hukukuna da bu çerçevede yaklaşılması gerektiği ileri sürülmüştür. Bunların yanında kriminal eylemler (suç) alanının mümkün oldukça dar tutularak, görece daha hafif bazı haksızlıkların kabahatler alanına taşınması gereğine vurgu yapılmıştır. Yine özel hukuk alanının kamu hukuku alanı lehine daraltılmaması gerektiği belirtilmiştir. Özellikle modern çağın niceliksel olarak büyük topluma sahip olması ve dayanışmanın da daha çok gönüllülük ekseninde organik dayanışma biçiminde cereyan etmesi karşısında özel hukuk alanının mümkün oldukça geniş tutulması gereği üzerinde durularak buna göre bir ceza hukuku kavramının geliştirilmesine dikkat çekilmiştir. Ayrıca ceza hukukunun ve adli sistemin titizlikle koruması gereken temel hukuki değerlerin önemi belirtilerek alan bakımından dar, ancak etkililik bakımından güçlü bir ceza hukuku kavramının gereği üzerinde durulmuştur.

Aktaş, Sururi

In this article it is tried to reveal that the value of justice, which is wanted to be excluded from the concept of law by some legal positivist like Hans Kelsen because of that it is a subjective moral judgement and has uncertainties, has area of high certainty which can not be easily rejected. This certain area which is formed of minimum principles of justice was defined as “the minimum concept of justice”. The possibility of minimum conception of justice was supported, as methods, by soft positivist H. L. A Hart’s analysis about determinacy and indeterminacy of a legal rule and his conception of “minimum contend of natural law”, by Lon L. Fuller’s analysis about morality and by the analogy of periodic table that David Schmidtz used for the elements of justice. In order to form a value measure for positive law it is underlined that it is important to build a minimum concept of justice and to create sensitivity about it. In the article, some principles that are thought to constitute “the minimum concept of justice” are tried to be explained only in their general lines. Additionally, it was emphasized that the principles of justice constituted for the minimum concept of justice are not absolute in terms of number; new principles can be included and therefore they are a matter of choice about an open-ended suggestion. In the part of conclusion the nature of the principles of justice that constitute “the minimum concept of justice” and their importance for positive law are tried to set forth.

Aktaş, Sururi

In this article, after having made the conceptual analysis of the rule of law, the components of the concept of rule of law are tried to be explaned in terms of the ideals of different understandings of the rule of law. It is also discussed the nature of principles and rules of the concept of rule of law and analyzed in terms of Hart’s primary rules-secondary rules distinction. The formal (procedural) and substantive conceptions of rule of law, as the general aspects of the rule of law, are examined. Besides, it is tried to examine the formal (procedurel) and substantive concepts of rule of law in terms of main legal theories. On the other hand it is disscussed what kind of the concept of rule of law will serve to the objective which is expected from this ideal. The deficiency and weakness of the formal (procedural) and institutional concepts of the rule of law are emphasized and tried to exhibit that some substantive requirements of rule of law should be added to the formal and institutional conceptions. The institutional requirements, which are generally deemed in the category of formal concept of rule of law, are considered as separate category in the conclusion of this paper. Accordingly in the conclusion of the article it is tried to propose a suggestion about the concept of the rule of law which contains formal, institutional and substantive elements.

Aktaş, Sururi

This article aims at analyzing the concept of law in terms of different perspectives. Especially it analyzes that how the concept and fenomenon of law has been the subject of cognitive activities and studied in terms of the methodologies of different disciplines such as legal philosophy, sociology of law and general theory of law. As a result, it emphasizes that law ought to be studied from different perspectives in order to comprehend the fenomenon of law truly

Aktaş, Sururi

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Aktaş, Sururi

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Aktaş, Sururi

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