Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- ArticleAçık Erişim2026Identifying Agricultural Crops with Similar Spectral Properties Using Machine Learning Classifiers and SenseFly eBee SQ Multispectral UAV Images
Akar, Özlem; Akar, Alper; Bayata, Halim Ferit
This study investigates the use of vegetation indices for accurately identifying crops with similar spectral characteristics as grapes, apricots, tomatoes, wheat, and clover for enhancing crop monitoring and management. A 59-hectare area in Karakaya Village, located in the Üzümlü district of Erzincan Province, Türkiye, was selected as the study area. This area contains crops with varying textures, object height, and spectral characteristics. In the study, multispectral (MS) images were acquired using the SenseFly eBee SQ unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and subsequently processed to generate an orthophoto, digital terrain model (DTM), and digital surface model (DSM). Fifteen vegetation indices, Gabor texture features, and object heights were integrated into MS bands. Crop classification was performed using two high-accuracy machine learning algorithms: Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). According to the overall classification accuracy results, the use of vegetation indices improved classification accuracy by 9% for RF and 5% for SVM. Incorporating Gabor texture features with the top-performing indices (MACARI1, OSAVI, ADVI, and DVI) further increased accuracy to 20% for RF and 12% for SVM. Additionally, including object height alongside the indices and Gabor features resulted in further accuracy gains of 10% and 11% for RF and SVM, respectively. F1-score, specificity, and accuracy analyses, along with various kappa statistics, also the significant improvements in classification performance. According to the McNemar test, the χ^2 values comparing orthophoto images with those incorporating indices, texture, and object height ranged from 6.353 to 35.556 for RF, and from 7.220 to 11.021 for SVM. Since all χ^2 values exceeded 3.84, the results indicate statistically significant improvements in the classification accuracy at the 95% confidence interval.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2025Earthquake safety in Erzincan City center: strategic analysis of building stock, transportation network, gathering, and temporary shelter areas
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Mazlum, Yunus Emre; Bas, Fatih Irfan; Çolak, Muhammed Ali
The twin earthquakes in Kahramanmara & scedil; in 2023 revealed the necessity of disaster coordination and pre-disaster situation analysis. To cope with such disasters and prevent possible losses, a comprehensive preparation process is required, such as evaluating a city's building stock in terms of earthquake risks and assessing the adequacy of the transportation network, emergency gathering points, and temporary shelter areas. This study selected Erzincan province, which has been destroyed by many major earthquakes, as the study area. It aimed to create risk maps by determining earthquake-risk buildings using rapid visual screening methods based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS), conducting building performance evaluations, and choosing safe transportation routes in case of a possible disaster. A total of 3,199 reinforced concrete and masonry buildings with two or more stories in the city center of Erzincan, constructed before 2000, were identified. In a possible earthquake, transportation infrastructure was analyzed, and maps of traffic density, emergency gathering, and temporary shelter areas were created. The analyses showed that the capacity of emergency gathering, and temporary shelter areas needed to be increased. In the scenarios of increased traffic density, it has been determined that the existing roads in all ten neighborhoods are unsuitable for disaster-emergency situations.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2025Traffic Impact Analysis of a Regional Shopping Center Using Microsimulation with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Approach
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Baş, Fatih İrfan; Mengi, Gamze Şeyda
In today’s modern city life, shopping centers have become a part of the urban identity. Erzincanpark Shopping Center, which was put into service at the city’s western entrance in 2022 in Erzincan, created an additional traffic volume causing inadequacies and accidents in urban transportation. This study aimed to identify these problems and inadequacies and develop possible solutions and suggestions. To examine the importance of coordination between junctions, traffic flow, and phase arrangements, Erzincanpark was chosen as the study area, and the junctions on Halitpasa Street were examined. The study used the traffic impact analysis method to examine traffic counts at junctions, signal optimization, travel time, queue length, delay, CO2, NOx, VOC emissions, and fuel consumption values. The study results showed that Yildiz and Nedim Muratoglu junctions should be modern roundabouts to ensure the optimum situation. Furthermore, it was determined that there was no change in the parameters studied in the design of Ergan Junction in 3 different ways: signaled, 4-way (without an island), and modern roundabout. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), one of the multi-criteria decision- approaches, was used to find the feasible result, considering safety and construction costs.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2025Appropriate Intersection Design Type Based on TOPSIS Multiple Criteria Decision Method with AIMSUN Mesoscopic Simulation
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Baş, Fatih İrfan; Demircioğlu, Muhammed Sami; Çolak, Muhammed Ali
The increasing world population has also increased the demand for vehicles and brought along various problems such as traffic delays, accidents, and air pollution. In addition, the increase in the number of vehicles causes an increase in the time spent at intersections, negatively affecting people’s quality of life, distracting drivers, and unsafe driving practices. Moreover, greenhouse gas emissions, including CO2 and NOx from vehicles, cause climate change and deterioration of air quality. To solve these problems, in this study, seven signalized intersections on a corridor in the city center of Erzincan province were examined. Using the Aimsun traffic simulation program, factors such as CO2, VOC, NOx emissions, queue length, delay time, travel time, and speed were evaluated. Using one of the multiple criteria decision methods, the TOPSIS method, the ideal scenario was determined based on the simulation results, considering the construction costs. The study revealed significant improvements in several parameters. CO2 emissions were reduced by 10%, delay time by 35%, VOC emissions by 14%, NOx emissions by 13%, queue length by 35%, delay by 38%, and travel by 19%. Furthermore, the speed was increased by 15%.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024İmar Barışının Mera ve Yayla Alanlarındaki Yapılaşmaya Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Akar, Alper; Akar, Özlem
Yayla ve meralar genellikle doğal yollarla oluşan bitki topluluklarıdır. Yapılan tahmini hesaplamalara göre, mera ekosistemleri dünya topraklarının yaklaşık %50' sini kapsamakta ve dünyadaki hayvanların yem ihtiyacının büyük bir kısmını karşılamaktadır. Yapılan çalışma ile, 2018 yılında yürürlüğe giren ve halk arasında imar barışı olarak adlandırılın 7143 sayılı yasanın, mera ve yayla alanlarında oluşabilecek kaçak yapılaşmaya olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma alanı olarak Trabzon ili Akçaabat ilçesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan mera ve yaylalar seçilmiştir. Çalışmada Google Earth Pro programından elde edilen uydu görüntüleri ile Triplesat uydu görüntüleri kullanılarak zaman içerisinde meydana gelen kontrolsüz yapılaşma tespit edilmiştir. 1. çalışma bölgesinde 33 ve 2. çalışma bölgesinde 50 olmak üzere toplam 83 yeni yapının bu süre içerisinde yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar halen bu alanlarda kaçak yapılaşmanın devam ettiğini, denetlenme sürecinin hızlı ve etkili bir suretle yapılamadığını ve çıkarılan bu af niteliğindeki yasaların kaçak yapılaşmayı teşvik ettiğini göstermektedir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2024Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of sustainable roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) containing waste rubbers as alternative aggregates
Keleş, Ömer Faruk; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Bayata, Halim Ferit
Different types of solid waste are generated every year due to global industrialization. With the rapid growth of the automobile industry, the disposal of billions of waste rubbers (WR), which pollute the environment and cannot be disposed of properly, is emerging as an urgent matter of concern. Recycling waste rubbers by using them on pavements will contribute to the elimination of ecological and economic problems. In this study, the effects of waste rubbers on the mechanical properties of roller-compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) were investigated by obtaining sustainable RCCP mixtures using different types of waste rubbers as coarse and fine aggregate substitutes. In this context, waste rubbers with three different sizes (powder, crumb and shredded) were substituted for aggregate by volume at seven levels (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 20% and 30%) with a maximum of 30% in RCC mixtures. Unit weight, mechanical properties, modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) were evaluated and compared according to the waste rubber content in the RCC mixtures. In addition, microstructural analysis of the mixtures was performed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results revealed that the compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity decreased with increasing waste rubber content in RCC. The utilization of waste rubber increased the ductility of RCC and decreased the density to produce lighter concrete. RCC with a compressive strength of about 30 MPa could be obtained by substituting 10% of waste rubber for aggregate. Thus, the utilization of high waste rubber content in pavements was feasible. This study can contribute to a more sustainable RCCP production by replacing natural aggregates with waste rubbers.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Semantic segmentation of very-high spatial resolution satellite images: A comparative analysis of 3D-CNN and traditional machine learning algorithms for automatic vineyard detection
Akar, Özlem; Saralioğlu, Ekrem; Güngör, Oğuz; Bayata, Halim Ferit
The Erzincan (Cimin) grape, which is an endemic product, plays a significant role in the economy of both the region it is cultivated in and the overall country. Therefore, it is crucial to closely monitor and promote this product. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of vineyards by utilizing advanced machine learning and deep learning algorithms to classify high-resolution satellite images. A deep learning model based on a 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was developed for vineyard classification. The proposed model was compared with traditional machine learning algorithms, specifically Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Rotation Forest (ROTF). The accuracy of the classifications was assessed through error matrices, kappa analysis, and McNemar tests. The best overall classification accuracies and kappa values were achieved by the 3D CNN and RF methods, with scores of 86.47% (0.8308) and 70.53% (0.6279) respectively. Notably, when Gabor texture features were incorporated, the accuracy of the RF method increased to 75.94% (0.6364). Nevertheless, the 3D CNN classifier outperformed all others, yielding the highest classification accuracy with an 11% advantage (86.47%). The statistical analysis using McNemar's test confirmed that the χ2 values for all classification outcomes exceeded 3.84 at the 95% confidence interval, indicating a significant enhancement in classification accuracy provided by the 3D CNN classifier. Additionally, the 3D CNN method demonstrated successful classification performance, as evidenced by the minimum-maximum F1-score (0.79-0.97), specificity (0.95-0.99), and accuracy (0.91-0.99) values.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Investigating the usability of kevlar and steel fibers as a hybrid in concrete pavements
Mola, Erhan; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Baş, Fatih İrfan; Bayata, Halim Ferit
In this study, the hybrid usage of Kevlar and steel fiber in concrete pavements was investigated. For this purpose, the concrete was designed using the water/binder ratio (0.40, 0.45, 0.50), silica fume (instead of cement 0, 5, 10%), Kevlar fiber (0 gr/m3, 500 gr/m3, 1000 gr/m3) and steel fiber (0 gr/m3, 500 gr/m3, 1000 gr/m3). Taguchi method was used as the experimental design, and optimum levels of parameters were determined for 28-days compressive strength, flexural strength, and toughness. According to the experiments and observations, the positive effect of Kevlar fiber upon energy absorption capacity (toughness), compressive and flexural strength of concrete was determined. Using only Kevlar fiber increasing up to 5.1% in compressive strength and up to 14.5% in flexural strength were observed. Considering the obtained results, Kevlar was noticed as a possible recycling material to be introduced into the economy by adding concrete.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Performance Comparison of Various Tunnel Lighting Scenarios on Driver Lane-Changing Behaviours in a Driving Simulator
Ozturk, Omer Faruk; Mazlum, Yusuf; Aydin, Metin Mutlu; Coruh, Emine; Bayata, Halim Ferit
Recent advances in tunnel infrastructure have emphasized safety, operational efficiency and low operating costs. Modern tunnels are equipped with systems to improve both safety and operational performance. This study investigates the effect of tunnel lighting and vehicle breakdown scenarios on driver lane changing behaviour (LCB) using a driving simulator modelled on the third longest twin-tube tunnel. Data were collected from 125 drivers considering various driver characteristics with different lighting conditions and the presence of a stopped vehicle in a lane. The results show that drivers tend to slow down and change lanes more safely in response to red and flashing lights. In contrast, blue sky lights, which are designed to reduce stress and compare with other dangerous scenarios, had no significant effect on LCB. In addition, demographic factors such as gender and previous simulator experience played a role in influencing LCB tendencies. Female drivers and those familiar with simulators showed more cautious behaviour. The findings showed valuable insights into how tunnel lighting systems can improve safety. Results highlighted the potential for dynamic lighting and targeted driver training programs to improve tunnel safety. All these findings may contribute to ongoing efforts to improve traffic management and reduce accidents in tunnel environments.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2022A Practical Design Guide for Unbonded Jointed Plain Concrete Roads over Deteriorated HMA Roads: Realistic Traffic Loading
Baş, Fatih İrfan; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Bayata, Halim Ferit
This study aimed to determine the material properties and the thickness of the layers of an unbonded jointed plain concrete pavement design over a deteriorated flexible pavement that lost its service capability. Maximum principal stresses occurring under the concrete pavement should not exceed the modulus of rupture of the concrete. Three-dimensional finite element analyses using ANSYS (Release 18.1 SAS IP, Inc.) software were carried out with the Taguchi method. The most reliable solution for the pavement design was investigated with whole configuration axle loading that reflects the realistic traffic situation. The stress values under the concrete slab due to the positive temperature gradient neglected in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) method were also investigated. The concrete slabs are exposed to these stresses for longer than the axle loads. Temperature distributions throughout the thickness of the concrete slab were calculated with the bilinear formulas suggested in the study. Axle loadings were applied on both the pavement edge and corner to reflect the most critical loading condition in the pavement design. The critical axle type was found to be 1.2. It was observed that a 0.15 m concrete thickness was appropriate for the concrete class, joint spacing and hot mix asphalt (HMA) elasticity modulus levels used for the 1.22, 1.122, and 1.2 + 111 axle types, but it was not appropriate for the 1.2 axle types. The slab thicknesses calculated with the AASHTO method, and the finite element method were found to be close to each other. It was determined that the concrete thickness significantly affected the maximum principal stress, with a performance statistic (S/N) value of 1692 for the 1.2 axle type. This was followed by the modulus of elasticity of the concrete with an S/N value of 0.356, the modulus of elasticity of the existing flexible pavement with an S/N value of 0.244, and the concrete joint spacing with an S/N value of 0.105. A practical design guide was recommended to extend the service life of a highly deteriorated flexible pavement with the construction of unbonded jointed plain concrete.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2021Evaluation of 112 emergency calls of erzincan with geographical ınformation systems and modeling with different statistical analysis methods
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Gürel, Mehmet Oğuzhan
The location of the emergency stations should be arranged at regular intervals in order to avoid the difficulties that emergency vehicles can reach the specified distances in the shortest time. Recent studies show that geographic information systems (GIS) based analysis is an effective tool for locating. As the literature was reviewed, it was seen that detecting the station settlement location was carried with GIS in some provinces in Turkey. In this study, it was aimed to use time series and artificial neural networks to modelling of calls and the geographic information systems to determine the coverage of the existing station locations based on the calls received by Erzincan Merkez 112 emergency health stations. The current research covers the Erzincan center and the data were obtained from 112 Centers. SPSS package program, matlab program and ArcGIS program were used to analyze the data. In order to use the data in ArcGIS, basic geographical data (map) bases have been created. Then, the data were digitized in the same coordinate system and transferred to the ArcGIS program. As a result of the research, considering the coverage areas of the stations, it is concluded that the existing 112 stations are located in the appropriate location. increase in the emergency calls received in the future. Therefore, it is recommended that the analysis be repeated at regular intervals.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2021Analysis of car park etudes with different statistical methods and modeling with GIS: Erzincan province case; [Otopark etütlerinin farklı istatistiksel yöntemler ile analizi ve CBS ile modellenmesi: Erzincan ili örneği]
Mazlum, Yusuf; Bayata, Halim Ferit; Baş, Fatih İrfan; Çolak, Muhammet Ali; Bayrak, Ünsal
Rapidly changing lifestyles, rising expectations, and increased private vehicle ownership have caused increases in the number of urban trips. All these changes that have appeared in time have made the parking requirement more important every day. Parking surveys have been required to determine what actions to be taken leadingly during the location selection and building processes of the parking areas to be built. The failure on planning parking areas correctly reveals environmental and economic problems as well as social problems. In this study, parking surveys were carried out primarily in order to determine location, types and capacities of existing car parks. The capacity and locations of the new parking areas have been determined considering five-year traffic increases. The points where parking needs were most needed were determined counting the vehicles parked at 44 separate on-road parking areas in the city center of Erzincan, where parking fees are charged by the municipality. In determined parking areas, statistical analyses were performed with spatial analysis outputs, artificial neural networks and time series analysis methods counting the vehicles parked regularly during daylight hours for one year. Solutions were offered to reduce parking load in traffic identifying new correctly located car parking areas in Erzincan city center. In the light of the analysis results, the location and capacities of the new parking areas suggested to be built identifying 6 different points in the city center were determined. In conclusion, an additional 1420-vehicle parking capacity in suggested new parking spaces was proposed as a solution-oriented approach for the parking problem in the city center.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2020Investigation of the Usability of Waste Kevlars in Concrete Road Pavements
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Tunçel, Mustafa Uraz; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Bas, Fatih Irfan
At the present time, fiber optic cables are generally used in the communication sector. In our country, there are 324 thousand km of fiber cables including only 256 thousand km in Turk Telekom operators and 68 thousand km in other operators. These cables, which have a service life of 20 years, need to be renewed over time and the cables that are out of use are scrapped. An average of 15,000 km of cable is scrapped annually. Approximately 5 Kg of kevlars become waste in 1 km length cable. Since waste kevlars do not have a separate usage area, they cannot be recycled to the economy. In this study, the usability of the concrete produced with kevlar on the road superstructure was investigated. For this purpose, water / binder ratio (0.40, 0.45, 0.50), silica fume (%0, 5, 10 instead of cement), kevlar (0 gr / m3, 500 gr / m3, 1000 gr / m3) and polypropylene fiber (0 gr / m3, 500 gr / m3, 1000 gr / m3) are determined as mixture variables. According to the full factorial experiment design, 3 x 34 = 243 samples must be poured for each of the compressive strength, rupture modulus and elasticity modulus tests. In the case of a grand total, 729 samples are required if a full factorial experiment design is applied. For this reason, Taguchi method was used for the experimental design and optimum mixture variables that gave 28 days of flexural and compressive strength were determined by the modulus of elasticity. Considering the factor and number of the levels, the $L_9$ orthogonal array was chosen as the experimental design and the study to be performed with a total of 3x9x3 = 81 samples and 729 samples was represented. From the results of the experiment, it has been observed that Kevlar material has positive effects on the compressive, flexural and elasticity modulus values added up to 500 g / m3 in the concrete. Since polypropylene fiber and kevlar were tested together in the experiments, it is predicted that this rate will increase only in the use of kevlar. From the results, it was observed that Kevlar which is a waste material can be brought to the economy by adding to the concrete.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2020Kentiçi Kavşakların Mikrosimülasyon Yöntemiyle Modellenmesi: Erzurum İli Örneği
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Bas, Fatih Irfan; Çolak, Muhammed Ali; Demiriz, Ahmet Oğuz; Keleş, Ömer Faruk; Mazlum, Yusuf; Gürel, Mehmet Oğuzhan; Demircioglu, Muhammed Sami
Gelişen teknolojiye bağlı olarak dünya genelinde olduğu gibi Erzurum il merkezinde de araç sayısında artış meydana gelmiş veErzurum kent içi ana arter ve ana arterleri üzerinde bulunan kavşaklarda trafik hacminin artmasına sebep olmuştur. Erzurum’da sonbeş yılda motorlu taşıt sayısı 16.762 artarak 119.108’e ulaşmıştır. Artan trafik hacmi özellikle şehrin en merkezi kavşağı konumundaolan Tebrizkapı Kavşağı’nı etkilemiştir. Tebrizkapı Kavşağı kentin en işlek merkezi olan Cumhuriyet Caddesi, Karskapı Caddesi veen önemli alışveriş merkezlerinden biri olan Taş Mağazalar Caddesi arasında kaldığından özellikle sabah mesai başlangıç saatleri veakşam mesai bitim saatlerinde ciddi trafik yoğunluklarına maruz kalmaktadır. Sayım sonuçları doğrultusunda Tebrizkapı Kavşağı’ndasabah zirve saati 07:45 ile 08:45 ve akşam zirve saati 16:45 ile 17:45 arasında olduğu belirlenmiş ve simülasyon yapılırken yoğunlukolan zirve saatlerin trafik hacimleri alınmıştır.Bu çalışmada, AIMSUN yazılımı kullanılarak Tebrizkapı Kavşağı’nın mevcut durum ve farklı kavşak tipleri ile tasarımlarıMikrosimülasyon ile simüle edilmiştir. Üretilen modellerin doğruluğunu ölçmek için trafik hacimleri üzerinde doğrulama testi olarakkullanılan GEH (Geoffrey E. Havers) formülünden faydalanılmıştır. Mevcut durumdaki gecikme süresi 41,10 saniye ve beklemesüresi 26,85 saniye olarak bulunmuştur. Mevcut durumdaki kavşak tipi değiştirilerek Modern Dönel Kavşak ve Farklı Düzey Kavşaktasarlanarak simülasyonları yapılmıştır. Yeni yapılan tasarımların gecikme süreleri Modern Dönel kavşak için 9,21 saniye, FarklıDüzey Kavşak için 5,03 saniye, bekleme süreleri ise Modern Dönel Kavşak için 1,66 saniye ve Farklı Düzey Kavşak için 1,20 saniyeolarak bulunmuştur. Simülasyonlar sonucunda gecikme süresi ve bekleme süresi faktörleri dikkate alınarak en uygun kavşak tipiFarklı Düzey Kavşak olarak bulunmasına rağmen yapım maliyetinin çok yüksek olmasından dolayı Modern Dönel Kavşak yapılmasıen uygun seçim olarak belirlenmiştir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2020Evaluation of 110 Emergency Calls of Erzincan with Geographical Information Systems and Modeling with Different Statistical Analysis Methods
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Gürel, Mehmet Oğuzhan
The most important criterion for 110 emergency call is the time, which is between the arrival of the teams at the event location after the emergency call and the initiation of emergency response; and called as “response time”. One of the most important problems affecting the intervention time is the problems arising from the station settlement. Today, advanced information technologies and imaging methods are widely used in the determination of the station settlement area. One of the methods used for this purpose is "Geographic Information Systems" (GIS). In the literature, various station settlement determination process in Turkey have been seen in the CBS. In this study, it is aimed to use time series and artificial neural networks to model the geographic information systems and calls to determine the coverage of the existing station locations based on the calls received by the 110 fire stations in Erzincan city center. The current research covers the neighborhoods of Erzincan center and the data were taken from the Erzincan Municipality Fire Department. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) package program, MATLAB program and ArcGIS program were used to analyze the data. In order to query the data in ArcGIS, basic geographical data (map) bases were created. Then, the data were digitized in the same coordinate system and transferred to the ArcGIS program. At the end of the research, the most appropriate the fire station were recommended with the locational analysis functions of GIS.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2020Multi-criteria decision-based safety evaluation using microsimulation
Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Bayata, Halim Ferit
The choice of intersection type in a road network is one of the most important decisions to be made in transportation engineering. Capacity and level of service are the two main factors considered in the type of intersection design, but safety and economy should also be taken into account when determining the intersection type since these are equally important. A number of parameters can be used to evaluate the performance of an intersection, including travel time, average delay, queue length, fuel consumption and vehicle exhaust emissions. Adding safety and construction costs to these parameters makes decision-making more difficult. In this study, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used as a multi-criteria decision approach to overcome this problem. Three intersection types were modelled and tested using Vissim software in line with the above parameters. An AHP model was then generated using the Vissim results and the AHP results and applicability were analysed.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2019SIFCON ile Üretilen Beton Yolların Bazı Mekanik Özelliklerinin Optimizasyonu
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal; Bingöl, Muhammed Ziya
Son zamanlarda geliştirilen kompozit bir malzeme olan çimento bulamacı emdirilmiş lifli beton (SIFCON), inşaat mühendisliği alanında çok popüler malzemelerden biri olmuştur. Yüksek dayanımlı betonlardan en önemli farkı kırılma sırasında sünek davranış göstermesidir. Bu çalışmada SIFCON'un rijit kaplama olarak kullanımı araştırılmıştır. Deneyler, L16 ortogonal dizi tekniği kullanılarak her biri dört seviyeli dört faktör ile tasarlanmıştır. Faktörler ve seviyeleri 40, 55, 65, 80 lif görünüm oranı, %3, %6, %9, %12 lif hacmi, 0,30, 0,35, 0,40, 0,45 su/çimento oranı ve %0, %5, %10, %15 silis dumanı oranıdır. Deney sonuçları Taguchi yöntemi ile varyans analizi (ANOVA) tekniği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. ANOVA'ya göre, beton kaplamaların basınç ve eğilme mukavemetinde en önemli rolü lif görünüm oranı (L/d) oynamıştır. Ayrıca basınç mukavemeti için optimum koşullar 55 (L/d), %3 lif oranı, 0.45 su / bağlayıcı oranı ve %5 SD oranı, eğilme mukavemeti için 80 L/d, %12 lif oranı, 0.45 su / bağlayıcı oranı ve %5 SD oranı olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum koşullarda 145.72 MPa ve 31.58 MPa'lık maksimum basınç ve eğilme dayanımı elde edilmiştir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2019JUNCTION PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS WITH THE HELP OF AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (VISTRO-AIMSUN-VISSIM)
Bayata, Halim Ferit
In traffic engineering practices, there is a requirement for conducting a healthy vehicle count in order to determine concepts such as macroscopicmesoscopic-microscopic-hybrid modelling, signal and junction optimization and design, transportation plan, traffic effect and corridor analyses, and delay. With the purpose of solving the problem that is encountered in traffic counting at peak hours, an image processing software was developed with a new approach, and the video images that were shot by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were digitally transferred to the Excel environment by being processed by this software. It was achieved to make traffic counting easier from the traffic that separated from the arms on the junction, and by automated transfer of these data into the computer environment, time savings were achieved. The traffic data of the arms of the junctions were transferred to the Excel environment with 2.84% error rate, they were analysed by the VISTRO, VISSIM and AIMSUN software to produce four different scenarios, and junction performances were compared by establishing models. When the scenarios were compared, the worst performance in terms of queue length, v/c, levels-of-service and delays was obtained in Scenario 3. When the geometries of junctions were taken as without an island, signalled, two-way two-phase controlled, performance dropped. The VISSIM software provided more realistic results in comparison to the other two.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2018Yeni Yapılması Planlanan bir Kavşağın Mikro-Simülasyon ile Değerlendirilmesi
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal
Erzurum’da trafiğe kayıtlı araç sayısı 2017 yılı (TUİK) verilerine göre, 114.044’tür. Erzurum, Doğu AnadoluBölgesinin en büyük şehirlerinden biridir. Aynı zamanda, bölgenin cazibe merkezlerinden biri olduğu için, araçsayısındaki mevsimsel artış% 17.61'dir. Bu sayı her yıl ortalama %2,8 artmasına rağmen, mevcut yollarınkapasiteleri sabit kalmaktadır. Bu sonuç, yolların yetersiz kalmasına neden olmakta, trafik yoğunluğununartmasıyla birlikte, seyahat süresi, gecikme ve egzoz emisyonlarının artmasını da beraberinde getirmektedir.Buna ek olarak, yapılan araştırmalar, Türkiye’de şehir merkezlerinde meydana gelen trafik kazalarının yaklaşık%52’sinin kavşaklarda meydana geldiğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, Karayolları 12. Bölge Müdürlüğütarafından yapılması planlanan bir kavşağın çevre ve bölge trafiğine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Yapılması düşünülenkavşak, Erzurum-Bingöl devlet yolu üzerinde ve Atatürk Üniversitesi Kampüsünü bu yola bağlayan noktaüzerindedir. Mevcut ve yeni durum, VISSIM mikro-simülasyon programı ile modellenmiş ve seyahat süresi,gecikme, kuyruk uzunlukları ile CO, NOx, VOC ve yakıt tüketimleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Mikro-simülasyonanaliz sonuçlarına göre, seyahat süresi ve gecikmelerde %35, kuyruk uzunluklarında %83, egzozemisyonlarında ise yaklaşık %23’e varan oranlarda azalma gözlenmiştir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2018Demiryolları Yolcularının Tutum ve Davranışlarının Farklı İstatistiksel Yöntemler ile Modellenmesi
Bayata, Halim Ferit; Sağlamyürek, Hacer Nur; Bayrak, Osman Ünsal
Ülkemizde son yıllarda gelişim gösteren en önemli sektörlerden biri de ulaşım sistemleri olmuştur. Diğerulaşım sistemlerine göre daha fazla olan yük ve yolcu kapasiteleri, demiryollarının önümüzdeki yüzyılda stratejikönemini artıracaktır. Tarihi İpek Yolu’nun (Pekin-Londra) tekrar hayata geçerek Bakü-Tiflis-Kars demiryolununaçılmış olması, bu ulaşım sınıfının ülkemizde ve uluslararası platformdaki jeopolitik önemini artırmıştır. Buçalışmada, demiryolu bağlantı yollarının kesiştiği sekiz farklı ilde (Erzincan, Elazığ, Erzurum, Eskişehir, Kocaeli,İstanbul, Ankara, Sivas) 515 yolcu anketi yapılmıştır. Bu anketler, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryollarını(TCDD) kullanan yolcuların demiryolu hizmetlerinden faydalanırken beklentilerinin ve memnuniyet derecelerinintespiti için yapılmıştır. Bunun tespit edilmesi amacıyla çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden biri olanAnalitik Hiyerarşik Proses (AHP) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın ikinci kısmında ise yolcuların tercih,tutum ve memnuniyet derecelerine göre demiryolu seyahat sıklığı talep modellemesi Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA),Çok Değişkenli Regresyon (ÇDR) ve Bulanık Mantık (Fuzzy Logic-BM) yöntemleri yardımıyla modellenmiş,karşılaştırılmış ve yorumlanmıştır. AHP ile yapılan değerlendirmeler neticesinde, TCDD hizmetlerini kullananyolcular için hizmetlerin genellikle yeterli olduğu, hizmet düzeyinin iyileştirmeden ziyade stabil olarak kalmasınınuygun olacağı belirlenmiştir. YSA ve ÇDR ile modellemelere göre istatistiksel olarak YSA’nın daha başarılı biryöntem olduğu belirlenmiştir. BM ile yapılan modellemede ise yolcuların üç ayda bir seyahat ettikleri anlaşılmışolup, tercih, önem ve memnuniyet tutumları değiştikçe seyahat sıklığının değiştiği görülmüştür.
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