Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- ArticleYalnız künye2020The nexus between population structure and inflation in turkey
Manga, Muge; Cengiz, Orhan
Nowadays, inflation is one of the most important source of economic stability. The studies on determinants of inflation mainly focus on variables such as economic growth, exchange rate, budget balance, monetary expansion and income inequality. Recently, the literature that emphasizes the impact of population structure which is one of the socio-economic factors on inflation has came into prominence. Especially in developed countries, the deflationary process has started to associate with increase in the share of elderly population. Analyzing this assumed interaction in the context of developing countries also leads to develop the new aspects. In this study, impact of population structure on inflation was investigated for Turkey that has strived with the inflation for a long time, by using the data for the period 1980 and 2017. According to the findings, while the dependent young population affects inflation positively, dependent elderly population affects negatively. Bootstrap Rolling Window causality test results show that there is a two-way relationship between inflation and dependent elderly population, inflation and economic growth, inflation and money supply, and a oneway relationship from dependent young population to inflation.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2020Küreselleşme ve savunma harcamalarıarasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
Manga, Muge; Cengiz, Orhan
Küreselleşme olgusunun politik iktisat alanındaki yansımalarından biri de güvenlik algısı ve buna bağlı olarak savunma harcamaları üzerinde ortaya çıkan etkisidir. Küreselleşmenin doğurduğu refah etkisi ve fırsat maliyeti avantajları nedeniyle ülkeler arasındaki çatışmaların azalacağı, dolayısıyla savunma harcamalarının düşeceği yaklaşımına karşılık, küreselleşme sürecinin ulus-devletlerin güvenlik algılarını negatif yönde etkilemesine bağlı olarak savunma harcamalarında daha yüksek artışlar görüleceği şeklinde çeşitli görüşler söz konusudur. Bu bağlamda 2017 yılında en yüksek KOF küreselleşme endeksine sahip 25 ülke için 1995-2017 dönemi verileri kullanılarak ekonomik, politik ve sosyal küreselleşme ile savunma harcamaları arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Panel grubu için elde edilen panel AMG sonuçlarına göre ekonomik büyüme ve politik küreselleşme savunma harcamalarını artırırken ekonomik küreselleşme savunma harcamalarını azaltmaktadır. Sosyal küreselleşme ise savunma harcamaları üzerinde herhangi bir etkiye sahip değildir. Ayrıca, ülke özelindeki bulgular incelendiğinde değişkenlik gösterdiği görülmektedir. Dumitrescu-Hurlin nedensellik testi bulguları ise ekonomik büyümeden savunma harcamalarına, savunma harcamalarından ekonomik küreselleşme ve sosyal küreselleşmeye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermektedir
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2020Globalization based approach to environmental kuznets hypothesis: the case of turkic republics
Manga, Muge; Cengiz, Orhan
Recently, the interest in the problems caused by growth-oriented policy implications which are at the center of macroeconomic policies has increased gradually. Revealing the background dynamics of this interest that is increasing due to both economic and political, social and cultural factors, is impossible to discuss without taking the effects of the phenomenon of globalization. Therefore, together with the globalization that has permeated to all strata of society since the end of the 20th century, the literature which emphasises changing of environmental balance has become prominent. In this context, it he study, environmental Kuznets hypothesis is tested by taking economic, political and social globalization indicators into account for Turkic Republics that compose of Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, with panel ARDL methods for 1991-2014 period. The results show that the negative impact of the economic growth on carbon emission arises the per capita income level of nearly $2,830, and after that there is a N-shaped relationship between them. In addition, the findings reveal that political and social globalization reduce carbon emissions while it increases economic globalization and energy use.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2020The empirical findings for the relationship between globalization and human capital in brics-t countries
Manga, Muge; Cengiz, Orhan
In developing countries, opportunities and risks have created by globalization have a broad scope that can be evaluated in different dimensions. When considering in the context of liberalization trends that brought by neoliberal globalization over the past three decades, the mobility of trade, capital and labor have also been closely affect the human development. In today’s changing world, while individuals’ demand for the development of human capital factors such as education, health and culture increase, skilled labor demand of multinational companies also rises. This relationship between human capital and globalization has examined for the BRICS-T countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and Turkey) that realize important breakthrough in the global economy. According to the Kónya (2006)’s causality test results using the data covering for the period between 1992 and 2017, it was obtained that there is a feedback causality relationship between globalization and human capital in South Africa and there exists a one way causality running from globalization to human capital in Russia and China.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2020The price and income elasticities of demand for natural gas: the case of selected european union countries and turkey
Manga, Muge; Bal, Harun; Ildirar, Mustafa
In this framework, in the current study, it is aimed to estimate the degree of dependence on the use of natural gas, which plays an important role in the development process of national economies. In the analysis, selected by Turkey between the years 2007-2015 with housing prices in the industrial sector of the natural gas demand in European Union Countries and is focused on estimating the income elasticity. The relationship between the variables in the established model was estimated by the Panel ARDL method. The empirical analysis results have shown that the price and income elasticity in the housing and sector in the selected countries in the long run is -0.60, 0.62; It shows -1.52 and 0.50 in the industrial sector. In the short term, there was no significant price elasticity coefficient in the residential and industrial sectors, while income elasticity was calculated as 0.45 and 1.62, respectively.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2020Küreselleşme ve Kamu Harcamaları Bileşenleri Arasındaki İlişki: AB Ülkeleri Örneği
Manga, Muge; Cengiz, Orhan
1980’lerden itibaren devletin ekonomideki payının azaltılması ve piyasa mekanizmasına işlerlik kazandırılması amacıyla özelleştirmelere hız verilmiştir. Küreselleşme bir yandan, ülkeleri kamu sektörünün payını azaltma ve piyasaları genişletme seçeneği ile karşı karşıya bırakırken diğer taraftan küreselleşmeye uyum sağlamak amacıyla vergi rekabeti başta olmak üzere ekonomik ve mali alanda yapılan serbestleştirici politikalar kamu bütçesine önemli yükler getirmekte ve kamu harcamalarının kompozisyonunu önemli derecede etkilemektedir. Bu düşünceden hareketle 28 AB ülkesi için küreselleşmenin kamu harcamalarının alt bileşenleri olan genel kamu hizmetleri, savunma harcamaları, kamu düzeni ve güvenlik, eğitim, sağlık ve sosyal koruma harcamaları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Panel ARDL yönetimi kullanılarak 2001-2017 dönemi verileriyle yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre küreselleşme, kamu düzeni ve güvenlik, eğitim, sağlık ve sosyal koruma harcamalarını pozitif yönde etkilerken genel kamu hizmetleri ve savunma harcamalarını ise negatif yönde etkilemektedir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2019Orta gelir tuzağı: türkiye üzerine ampirik bir analiz
Manga, Muge; Güreşçi, Gülçin; Balli, Esra
Ülkelerin bulundukları gelir düzeyleri ile ilişkili olan orta gelir tuzağı kavramı, genel olarak, ülkelerin belirli birdönem boyunca aynı gelir düzeyinde sıkışıp kalmasını ifade etmektedir. 1960’lı yıllarda üç haneli rakamlarla ifadeedilen orta gelirli ülke sayısının çok azının yüksek gelirli ülke statüsüne yükselmesi dolayısıyla önemli bir kavramolarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalış mada, Robertson ve Ye (2013)’nin orta gelir tuzağı önerisine göre, Türkiye’nin ortagelir tuzağında olup olmadığı test edilmektedir. Türkiye için orta gelir tuzağının değerlendirmesinin yapıldığı buçalışmada, Carrion-i Silvestre vd. (2009) tarafından ortaya atılan çoklu yapısal birim kök testinden faydalanılmıştır.Uygulanan birim kök testi sonuçları Türkiye orta gelir tuzağında olmadığını göstermektedir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2019An Investigation of the Relationship between Export Product Diversification and Economic Growth in the context of Middle Income Trap
Manga, Muge
The concept of middle income trap (OGT) is the situation in which countries have remained in the same income group for a long time and have lost international competitiveness. Kanchoochat and Intarakumnerd (2014) indicate that countries should move towards diversity in their export composition to escape from the OGT. In the study, following Robertson and Ye (2013)’s work, selected countries for the period 1995-2017 are divided into two groups: countries in the OGT and countries which escaped from the OGT (KOGT). In the analysis, the relationship between Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and economic growth examined employing panel data analysis. The results show that while the economies of countries with OGT are affected by the export diversity positively, the countries escaped from OGT (KOGT) are negatively. The findings show that middle income countries should focus on product diversification in exports and countries that escaped from middle income countries should focus on export specialization.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2019The Relationship Between Tourism, Economic Growth, Trade Openness, And Financial Development: The Case Of Turkey
Manga, Muge; Balli, Esra
This study investigates the relationship between economic growth, trade openness, the number of tourist arrivals, and financial developments for Turkey employing ARDL bounds testing approach and variance decomposition analysis for the period of 1963-2016 both in the short and long run. ADF, PP and Ng-Perron unit root tests carried out to examine the order of integration of the variables. ARDL test results reveal that trade openness, the number of tourist arrivals, and financial development have positive and significant impact on economic growth both in the short and long run growth. Moreover, the variance decomposition results indicate that financial development has the highest impact on economic growth among other variables in Turkey.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2019The relationship between tourism, CO 2 emissions and economic growth: a case of Mediterranean countries
Balli, Esra; Sigeze, Ciler; Manga, Muge; Birdir, Sevda; Birdir, Kemal
This study explores the impact of tourism on economic growth considering CO 2 emissions utilizing panel data techniques for a sample of Mediterranean countries. The cointegration tests reveal that there is a positive long-run equilibrium between tourism, CO 2 emissions and economic growth. This positive long-run relationship may suggest that tourism increases the level of CO 2 emissions and has a statistically significant impact on economic growth in Mediterranean countries. Emirmahmutoglu and Kose (2011. Testing for Granger causality in heterogeneous mixed panels. Economic Modelling, 28(3), 870–876.) test results reveal that the tourism-led growth hypothesis, which suggests that tourism contributes to economic growth, is valid for Egypt, Italy, and Spain. Additionally, there exists a bidirectional relationship between tourism and economic growth both in Morocco and Turkey.
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