Uç, Osman; Pabuçcu, Koksal

This study aims to evaluate the pharmaceutical potential of Vaucheria aversa isolated from the Tigris River through the assessment of its antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activities, and phenolic compound composition. In this study, samples collected from benthic habitats were purified using a mechanical isolation method. The phenolic and flavonoid contents of the prepared extracts were measured by spectrophotometric methods, and their phenolic profiles were determined using LC-MS/MS analysis. Antioxidant activities were assessed using FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS assays, while antimicrobial activities were tested on E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans using the agar well-diffusion method. The total phenolic content of V. aversa was determined to be 64.28 f 2.11 mg GAE/g, while the flavonoid content was 15.21 f 0.89 mg QE/g. Regarding antioxidant activities, the FRAP value was 65.55 f 3.18 mg TE/g, the DPPH IC 50 value was 38.25 f 1.41 & micro;g/ml, and the ABTS IC50 value was 16.39 f 1.02 & micro;g/ml. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that cinnamic acid and gallic acid were present at higher levels compared to other phenolic compounds. In antimicrobial assays, ethanol and methanol extracts exhibited strong inhibition zones against E. coli and C. albicans. The activity of V. aversa against Gram (-) negative bacteria and fungi was found to be particularly noteworthy compared to other Vaucheria species. Its antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities are presumed to be directly associated with its phenolic compound content. The findings of this study indicate that in order to evaluate V. aversa as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in pharmaceutical research, further compound isolation and in vivo investigations are required to elucidate its effective pharmaceutical potential in detail.

Atici, Tugba; Altun Çolak, Deniz

Nanoparticle-based therapies provide targeted drug delivery with reduced side effects, making them promising options for cancer treatment. This study examines the anticancer and oxidative effects of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) derived from the Karaerik grape (Vitis vinifera L., Vitaceae), a variety known for its high antioxidant capacity, both alone and in combination with cisplatin (CP) on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. AgNPs were synthesized using the plant leaf extract and characterized through UV-Vis, SEM-EDX, and FT-IR techniques. MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to 10 and 20 jig mL-1 AgNPs, 25 jiM CP, and their combinations for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cytotoxicity was analyzed using the MTT assay, and IC50 values were determined. Parameters of oxidative stress, including total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI), were evaluated to assess oxidative balance disruption. The combination of AgNPs and CP led to a significantly greater reduction in cell viability compared to individual treatments (p<.05). The IC50 value of CP decreased in the presence of AgNPs, indicating an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Additionally, a significant increase in TOS and OSI levels, along with a decrease in TAS, suggested that the combination therapy induced oxidative stress-mediated cell death. Green-synthesized AgNPs from Karaerik grape leaves enhance CP-induced cytotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress pathways, indicating their potential role as adjuvants in breast cancer therapy. These findings underscore the importance of green nanotechnology-based strategies in oncology.

Dinçer, Selin; Akin, Fatih

Agricultural productivity supports the increase in agricultural production by ensuring the efficiency of resources used in the agricultural sector, such as water, soil, labour, and capital. In addition, environmental problems such as land expansion and deforestation can be prevented by using efficient agricultural techniques. However, when the literature is analyzed, it is seen that there is no consensus on the impact of agricultural productivity on environmental quality. On the other hand, it is very important to examine the impact of economic growth on the environment. The economic activities of countries that are in line with their growth and development targets affect environmental quality. In this direction, in this study, in the period 1990-2022, in 12 countries (China, USA, Russia, France, Germany, Canada, Australia, India, Brazil, Indonesia, Argentina, and T & uuml;rkiye) that are successful in agriculture, The impact of agricultural Total Factor Productivity (T-TFP) and economic growth on environmental quality is analyzed by the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) method and Dumitrescu & Hurlin causality analysis. The carbon emission variable is used to represent environmental quality. The findings show that an increase in T-TFP increases environmental quality in China, the USA, Russia, France, Canada, Indonesia, and Australia; that is, the Borlaug hypothesis is valid in these countries. In India, Brazil, Argentina, and T & uuml;rkiye, the increase in T-TFP decreases the environmental quality; that is, Jevons' Paradox is valid in these countries. Moreover, in the study, environmental quality decreases as economic growth increases in all countries except Germany. Renewable energy consumption increases environmental quality in China, the USA, Brazil, Australia, and T & uuml;rkiye. Dumitrescu & Hurlin's causality analysis findings show that there is a bidirectional causality relationship between T-TFP, carbon emissions, and renewable energy consumption. The findings reveal that T-TFP, economic growth, and renewable energy consumption are important in environmental quality.

Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Şimşek, Samed; Akşit, Zeynep; Akman, Tugrul Cagri; Aydin, Ali

Psephellus huber-morathii (PH), Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde endemik bir türdür. Bu çalışmada PH'nin %70 metanol ekstraktının biyolojik aktivitelerinin yanı sıra kapsamlı fitokimyasal bileşimi de incelenmiştir. PH ekstraktının fenolik bileşimi, UHPLC-MS/MS yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edildi. Antimikrobiyal özelliklerini değerlendirmek için mikrodilüsyon tekniği kullanıldı. Ekstrenin antioksidan özellikleri, toplam fenolik ve flavonoit içerikleri spektrofotometre kullanılarak belirlendi. Ek olarak, ekstraktların hücre proliferasyonu ve NCI-60 sağkalım parametre değerleri üzerindeki etkileri, MTT deneyi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Kinik asit ve klorojenik asit majör bileşiklerdi. Ekstrakt, DPPH (IC50:13.9±0.4 μg mL-1) ve FRAP (61.3±2.3 mg TE g ekstrakt-1) yöntemlerinde yüksek antioksidan aktivite göstermiştir. Ekstraktın toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içerikleri sırasıyla 52.2±1.9 mg GAE g ekstrakt-1 ve 28.6±0.9 mg QE g ekstrakt-1 olarak bulundu. Ekstrakt, normal akciğer ve retina hücre hatlarına karşı düşük antiproliferatif aktivite, jinokolojik ve kolon kanser hücreleri üzerinde umut verici bir antikanser etki ve Bacillus cereus ve Enterococcus faecium'a karşı orta derecede antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdi. Çalışma, PH ekstraktının bulaşıcı hastalıklara ve kansere karşı tıbbi potansiyelini ve değerini göstermiştir.

Akman, Tugrul Cagri; Simsek, Samed; Aksit, Zeynep; Aydin, Ali; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah

Psephellus huber-morathii (PH) is an endemic species in the Eastern Anatolia Region. In this study, besides the biological activities of the 70% methanol extract of PH, its comprehensive phytochemical composition was investigated. The phenolic composition of the PH extract was analyzed using the UHPLC-MS/MS method. To evaluate its antimicrobial characteristics, the microdilution technique was employed. The antioxidant capabilities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were determined using the spectrophotometer. Additionally, the effects of the extracts on cell proliferation and NCI-60 survival parameter values were assessed using the MTT assay. Quinic acid and chlorogenic acid were major compounds. The extract showed high antioxidant activity in DPPH (IC50:13.9 +/- 0.4 jig mL-1) and FRAP (61.3 +/- 2.3 mg TE g extract-1) methods. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were found as 52.2 +/- 1.9 mg GAE g extract-1 and 28.6 +/- 0.9 mg QE g extract-1, respectively. Discussion: The extract showed low antiproliferative activity against normal lung and retinal cell lines, promising anticancer effects on gynecological and colon cancer cells, and moderate antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus and Enterococcus faecium. The study demonstrated the medicinal potential and value of PH extract against infectious diseases and cancer.

Uzundumlu, Ahmet Semih; Pinar, Veysel; Tosun, Nur E. R. T. E. K.; Kumbasaroglu, Hediye

Using 59 years of pistachio production data between 1961 and 2019, the production data of the leading countries in the 2020-2025 periods were tried to be predicted with the help of the ARIMA time series model. ARIMA (p, d, q) analysis model has been used by obtaining 59 years of production data from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In addition, the data obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI), FAO, and the International Trade Centre (ITC) were also used in the comparison of production, export, and import per capita. In the study, the world production data for the period of 2020-2025 were to be estimated with the data between 1961-2019. As a result of the findings obtained, according to the data obtained in the world, Iran, USA, Turkey, China, and Syria, an increase in production is foreseen in all countries and the world where studies are carried out in pistachio production. While the share of the five countries, which are the leaders in Pistachio production between 1961 and 2019, in the total world production is 97.99%, the share of Pistachio production between 2020-2025 in the total production is expected to be 97.51%. While the share of Iran and Syria from these five countries in world production will decrease, the share of the USA, Turkey, and China will increase. The two leading countries in pistachio exports are Iran and the USA. The fact that Germany, which does not influence production, has a significant share in both exports and imports brings to mind the derivative demand situation. Turkey, Iran, and Syria can create a better marketing strategy by reducing imports to Germany and increasing exports to European Union countries.

Pabuccu, Koksal; Demiriz Yücer, Tuğba

Bu çalışmada, sucul ortamlardan alınıp laboratuvar ortamına getirilerek izole edilen ve teşhis yöntemleri kullanarak tür tanımlaması yapılmış olan alg türü Spirogyra aequinoctialis ekstraktların çeşitli mikroorganizma türleri üzerinde antibakteriyal ve antifungal etkileri araştırılmıştır. Spirogyra ekstraktları, 0.5 M Tris-HCL pH:8.00, N-butanol ve Etanol ile hazırlanmıştır. Antimikrobiyal aktivite testleri, disk difüzyon yöntemi ile Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Escherichia coli O 157:H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium CCM 5445, Candida albicans ATCC 10239 mikroorganizmaları üzerinde denenmiştir. Antibakteriyal aktivite testleri ile, S. aequinoctialis’in tampon ekstraktının, Escherichia coli O 157:H7 üzerinde oldukça etkili antibakteriyal özelliğe sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 suşunun en duyarlı mikroorganizma, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 suşunun ise en dirençli mikroorganizma olduğu; en etkili çözücünün 0.5 M Tris HCL pH:8.00 olduğu kaydedilmiştir. Antifungal aktivite testleri ile S. aequinoctialis’in etanol ekstraktının, Candida albicans ATCC 10239 üzerinde oldukça etkili antifungal özelliğe sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

Bulut, Huseyin; Öztürk, Halil Ibrahim; Dursun, Atilla

Aim of this study was to determine t he effect of tebuconazole applications on cucumber seedling via morphological. and molecular methods. In order to determine the most appropriate dose of different concentrations (25. 50, 75, 100. 125 and 150 ppm) of tebuconazole affecting the seedling quality and preventing possible genotoxic effects, retrotransposon motility at all doses was determined. Polymorphism rates and changes in GTS values were also determined. At the applied doses, polymorphism values were found as 0%. 5.55%. 16.66%, 38.88%, 55.55% and 61.11%, respectively. The GTS value was decreased from 100% to approximately 38.89% based on the applied doses. Statistical evaluations indicated that different dose applications resulted significant changes in the seedling characteristics. The seedling and stem heights were suppressed by 57.5% and 55.9%, respectively compared to the controls. The stem diameter increased 9.95% following the application. Overall. 50, 75 and 150 ppm doses were determined to achieve an increase in the dry matter and leaf chlorophyll content,. In this study, applications of Tebuconazole at different doses controled the seedling height in cucumber and affected specific quality characteristics of the seedlings.

Altun Çolaki, Deniz; Uysal, Handan

The polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) formed during combustion processes and as by-products of industrial processes are persistent organic pollutants. In the present study, the PCDDs of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD, 1,2,3,7,8,9-HXCDD and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-OCDD (1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mu g/mL medium) were evaluated for their possible toxicity on the survival rate of Drosophila melanogaster, in vivo. The effects of different concentrations of dioxins were separately administered to female and male populations of D. melanogaster. In all application groups, both the survival rate and each population's longevity decreased, depending on the concentration of dioxins (p<0.05). In conclusion, the toxic effect for the survival rate and longevity was observed in the following order: 2,3,7,8-TCDD> 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD> 1,2,3,7,8,9-HXCDD> 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-OCDD.

Keles, Serafettin; Keskin, Atilla; Ertek, Nur

Many fields of science, the economy being first, aim to ensure that the individuals and the society lead a happy and satisfactory life. Many studies attempted to measure the life satisfaction by the means of demographical, genetic, psychological and economic variables; however, the social capital has been largely overlooked in this manner. This study discusses the relationship between the social capital and the life satisfaction. In the study, in which the structural equation model was employed, the findings suggest that there is a positive relationship between the life satisfaction and the social capital. The associational social capital (0.65), Cognitive social capital (0.62) and the structural social capital (0.31) have an intermediate level effect on the life satisfaction in a positive direction.