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- ArticleYalnız künye2024Biochemical and histopathological evaluation of systemic and ocular toxicity of favipiravir in rats
Özcan, Delil; Özçelik, Fatih; Mammadov, Renad; Aktaş, Mehmet; Altındağ, Fikret; Alkan, Abdurrahman Alpaslan; Karapapak, Murat; Altuner, Durdu; Süleyman, Halis
Purpose: Favipiravir (FAV) used against COVID-19 is an antiviral drug that causes adverse reactions, such as hyperuricaemia, liver damage, and hematopoetic toxicity. The aim of the study was to investigate the systemic and ocular side-effects of FAV in rats, for the first time.Materials and methods: A total of 18 albino male Wistar rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into 3 groups as the healthy group (HG), the group given 50 mg/kg/day favipiravir (FAV50), and the group given 200 mg/kg/d favipiravir (FAV200). These doses were given to the experimental groups for one week. At the end of the experiment histopathological examinations were performed on the conjunctiva and sclera of the eye. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured in blood samples taken from rats. Results: Compared to HG, the MDA (1.37 ± 0.61 vs. 4.82 ± 1.40 µmol/mL), IL-1β (2.52 ± 1.14 vs. 6.67 ± 1.99 pg/mL), and TNF-α levels (3.28 ± 1.42 vs. 8.53 ± 3.06 pg/mL) of the FAV200 group were higher. The levels of tGSH (7.58 ± 1.98 vs. 2.50 ± 0.98 nmol/mL) and SOD (13.63 ± 3.43 vs. 3.81 ± 1.43 U/mL) the FAV200 group were lower than the HG (p < 0.05, for all). The degree of damage to the cornea and sclera of the FAV200 group was quite high according to HG (p < 0.001). Conclusions: FAV can cause damage to rat conjunctiva and sclera by increasing oxidant stress and inflammation at high dose.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Protective effect of cinnamon extract against cobalt-induced multiple organ damage in rats
Isik, Bahar; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Bulut, Seval; Yavuzer, Bulent; Altuner, Durdu; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Suleyman, Halis
Background: The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in cobalt (Co) toxicity has been the focus of previous studies. Cinnamon and its main components have been reported to have protective effects in various tissues with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Aims: In this study, the protective effect of cinnamon extract (CE) against possible Co-induced heart, kidney, and liver damage in rats was investigated biochemically. Methods: Eighteen albino Wistar-type male rats were categorized into three groups (n = 6 per group): control (CG), CoCL2-administered (CoCL2), and CE + CoCL2-administered (CE + Co) groups. The CE + CoCL2 group was administered CE (100 mg/kg), and the CoCL2 and CG groups were administered distilled water orally by gavage. One hour after the administration, Co (150 mg/kg) was administered orally to the CE + CoCL2 and CoCL2 groups. This procedure was repeated once daily for 7 days. Then, biochemical markers were studied in the excised heart, kidney, and liver tissues. Results: CoCL2 increased oxidants and proinflammatory cytokines and decreased antioxidants in heart, kidney, and liver tissues. Heart, kidney, and liver tissue were affected by Co damage. CE treatment suppressed the CoCL2-induced increase in oxidants and proinflammatory cytokines and decrease in antioxidants in heart, kidney, and liver tissues. CE treatment has been shown to attenuate cardiac damage by reducing serum troponin I (TpI) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), renal damage by reducing creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and liver damage by reducing alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Conclusion: Co induced the production of oxidants and proinflammatory parameters and antioxidant depletion in heart, kidney, and liver tissues of rats. Our experimental results show that CE protects heart, kidney, and liver tissues against oxidative and inflammatory changes induced by CoCLl2.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Pulmonary toxicity associated with high-dose favipiravir and treatment options: biochemical and histopathological evaluation; [Toxicidad pulmonar asociada a altas dosis de favipiravir y opciones de tratamiento: Evaluación bioquímica e histopatológica]
Elma, Bekir; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Yavuzer, Bulent; Unver, Edhem; Altuner, Durdu; Coban, Taha A.; Mokhtare, Behzad; Suleyman, Halis
Favipiravir is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that is a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor. Favipiravir is used in high doses to treat COVID-19 but has a side effect on humans at high doses. The side effects of favipiravir have been associated with oxidative stress in the literature. In this trial, we investigated the biochemical and histopathological effects of lacidipine, thiamine pyrophosphate (TTP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), drugs with antioxidant properties, on the lung toxicity caused by high-dose favipiravir in rats. The rats were classified into five groups: healthy (HG), favipiravir alone (Fav), lacidipine+favipiravir (LFav), TPP+favipiravir (TFav), and ATP+favipiravir (AFav). Favipiravir (800 mg/kg) was administered twice daily for seven days. Laci-dipine (4 mg/kg), TPP (20 mg/kg), and ATP (25 mg/kg) were administered once daily for seven days. Oxidant (malondialdehyde), non-enzymatic (total glutathi-one), and enzymatic (superoxide dismutase and catalase) antioxidant levels were measured in the excised lung tissues. Furthermore, the tissues were histopatho-logically examined. The systemic administration of high doses of favipiravir in-creased oxidant levels and decreased antioxidant levels in the lung tissue of rats. In parallel, the histopathological examination of the lung tissue revealed the presence of severe mononuclear cell infiltrations in interstitial areas and pronounced lymphoid hyperplasia. Lacidipine exhibited superior efficacy in mit-igating oxidative stress and preventing the decline of antioxidants induced by favipiravir compared with TPP and ATP. Histopathologically, the lacidipine administration significantly reduced lung oxidative damage. TTP moderately reduced severe favipiravir-associated lung injury. However, ATP was ineffective against favipiravir-associated lung injury. Lacidipine offers more therapeutic benefits than TPP in treating oxidative lung injury caused by high doses of favipiravir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Lacidipine, thiamine pyrophosphate and their combination on the ocular ischemic syndrome induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation
Cicek, Ibrahim; Somuncu, Ahmet Mehmet; Altuner, Durdu; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Bulut, Seval; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Tastan, Tugba Bal; Suleyman, Halis
AIM: To investigate the effect of lacidipine, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and the combination of lacidipine and TPP against oxidative and inflammatory eye damage induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats.. METHODS: Male albino Wistar rats were categorized as those who underwent sham surgery (SG), right and left common carotid cross-clamping and unclamping procedure (CCU), lacidipine+CCU (LCCU), TPP+CCU (TCCU), and combination of lacidipine and TPP (LTC)+CCU (LTCCU). One hour before anesthesia, the LCCU (n=6) received lacidipine (4 mg/kg, orally) and the TCCU (n=6) received TPP (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The SG (n=6) and CCU (n=6) received the same volume of distilled water from the same route. After anesthesia (60 mg/kg ketamine, intraperitoneally), the necks of the rats were opened in the midline. Ischemia was created for 10min by placing clips on the right and left common carotid arteries. Rats in the SG only underwent subcutaneous incision. After 10min, the clips were removed and reperfusion was achieved for six days. Then, the animals were euthanized (120 mg/kg ketamine, intraperitoneally) and the levels of oxidant, antioxidant and proinflammatory cytokines in the eye tissues were determined. The retinal tissue of the eye was also examined histopathologically.. RESULTS: Lacidipine, TPP, and LTC significantly prevent the increase in malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 levels, decrease in total glutathione levels, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and histopathological retinal damage in eye tissue induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats. The impact of these drugs on protection is determined to be LTC>lacidipine>TPP.. CONCLUSION: As a result of the study, it is concluded that LTC may be more effective than lacidipine and TPP alone in treating ocular ischemic syndrome.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024Pathogenesis-directed therapy of methylphenidate-induced oxidative heart damage in rats
Emir, Izzet; Bulut, Seval; Suleyman, Bahadır; Mammadov, Renad; Yucel, Nurinisa; Cicek, Betul; Yazici, Gulce Naz; Altuner, Durdu; Gunay, Murat; Suleyman, Halis
Aim: The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), metyrosine, and melatonin on possible methylphenidate cardiotoxicity in rats using biochemical and histopathological methods. Methods: Thirty rats were separated into five groups: healthy (HG), methylphenidate (MP), ATP + methylphenidate (ATMP), metyrosine + methylphenidate (MSMP), and melatonin + methylphenidate (MLMP). ATP (5 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally once daily, metyrosine (50 mg/kg) orally twice daily, and melatonin (10 mg/kg) orally once daily. Methylphenidate (10 mg/kg) was administered orally once daily for 1 h after ATP, metyrosine and melatonin. The protocol was repeated for 30 days. Subsequently, blood samples were taken from the tail veins of the animals to measure adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, troponin I (TP I) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) levels; the animals were then euthanized and the heart tissues were extracted. Tissues were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) and histopathologically. Results: In MP group, MDA, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, TP I, and CK-MB levels increased (p < 0.001) and tGSH, SOD, and CAT levels decreased (p < 0.001) compared to HG, and histopathologic damage developed. Oxidant levels were lower and antioxidant levels were higher in ATMP, MSMP, and MLMP groups compared to MP group (p < 0.001). Catecholamine levels were measured lower in the MSMP group compared to the MP group (p < 0.001). TP I and CK-MB levels were lower in ATMP, MSMP and MLMP groups compared to MP (p < 0.05), with the lowest being in rats given ATP (p < 0.001). ATP, melatonin, and metirozin applications were effective to different degrees in preventing histopathological changes. Conclusion: This study may guide clinical trials using ATP and melatonin to prevent methylphenidate-induced myocardial injury.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2024The hormonal mechanism of the effects of meperidine, sertraline, tianeptine, and their combinations on reproductive functions in female rats
Yilmaz, Betul Kalkan; Suleyman, Zeynep; Suleyman, Bahadır; Mammadov, Renad; Bulut, Seval; Altuner, Durdu; Alptekin, Okay; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Suleyman, Halis
Background: Infertility caused by drugs that inhibit serotonin reuptake has been attributed to serotonin toxicity. Serotonin has been linked to cause a rise in prolactin and cortisol. This study examined the effects of meperidine, sertraline, tianeptine and combinations on female rat reproductive function. Methods: Female rats were split into 8 groups (n=7): healthy control (HG), meperidine (MG), sertraline (SG), tianeptine (TG), meperidine+sertraline (MSG), meperidine+tianeptine (MTG), sertraline+tianeptine (STG), meperidine+sertraline+tianeptine (MSTG). Meperidine (20 mg/kg, 2×1) was injected intramuscularly. Sertraline (30 mg/kg, 1×1) and tianeptine (5 mg/kg, 1×1) were given orally. The HG received distilled water as solvent. Treatments continued for 20 days. Then, adult males were added to the rat groups and drug treatment continued for another five days. Blood samples were collected on day 26 for biochemical tests. Results: Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were not statistically significant between groups (p>0.05). Meperidine (p<0.001) and sertraline (p<0.001) alone increased prolactin levels in comparison to HG and tianeptine inhibited the increase (p<0.001). While meperidine increased corticosterone levels versus HG (p<0.001), sertraline and tianeptine were close to HG (p>0.05). Number of infertile animals was 6 for meperidine, 3 for sertraline, and none for tianeptine. While the duration of pregnancy in MG (15 days) and SG (15 days) was longer compared to HG (2.86 days), no change was observed in TG (2.5 days). Conclusion: Tianeptine and other serotonin re-uptake stimulants may be useful in the treatment of reproductive dysfunction and infertility due to serotonin re-uptake inhibitor treatment.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2023Effect of Taxifolin on Lung Injury Induced by Staphylococcus aureus in Albino Wistar-Type Rats: A Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation
Dabanlioglu, Bulent; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Yavuzer, Bulent; Altuner, Durdu; Akkas, Onder; Mokhtare, Behzad; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Suleyman, Halis
Background and Objective: Staphylococcus aureus is considered the main cause of pneumonia. Pneumonia is the most common cause of acute lung injury. Taxifolin is a flavonol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-psoriatic and pulmono-protective activities. The present study aimed to biochemically and histopathologically investigate the protective effect of taxifolin against possible acute lung oxidative and inflammatory damage caused by Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) infection in rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into three groups 6 rats each, healthy control (HG), S. aureus inoculated (SaG) and S. aureus inoculated+taxifolin treated (SaT). Animals were euthanized. Malondialdehyde (MDA) total glutathione (tGSH), Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and Interleukin One Beta (IL-1 beta) levels were measured in the excised lung tissues and also examined histopathologically. Results: S. aureus inoculation significantly increased MDA, NF-kappa B, TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta levels and decreased tGSH levels in lung tissue. Treatment with taxifolin significantly suppressed the increase in MDA, NF-kappa B, TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta levels and the decrease in tGSH levels. Histopathologically, S. aureus inoculation led to severe mononuclear cell infiltration in interstitial areas, lymphoid hyperplasia in bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue and desquamation in bronchial epithelium. Treatment with taxifolin attenuated these histopathological findings. Conclusion: Current experimental results suggested that taxifolin may be beneficial in the treatment of oxidative and inflammatory lung injury associated with S. aureus infection.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2023Effect of Cinnamon Extract on Ovarian Torsion Detorsion Damage in Rats
Bingul, Eda; Hizal, Elif; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Bulut, Seval; Altuner, Durdu; Tastan, Tugba Bal; Dogru, Tugba Erkmen; Suleyman, Halis
Background and Objective: The torsion and subsequent detortion of the ovaries causes oxidative and inflammatory damage. Cinnamon is an herbal agent with many activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. This study investigates biochemically and histopathologically the protective effect of cinnamon extract (CE) in potential ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury induced by torsion detorsion of ovarian tissue in rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into healthy (HG), sham operation (SOG), ovarian I/R (OIR) and CE (100 mg kgG1 CE, oral, 6 days)+ovarian I/R (COIR) groups. For I/R, right ovaries were subjected to ischaemia for 3 hrs followed by reperfusion for 6 days. Ovarian tissues were analysed for oxidants, antioxidants and proinflammatory cytokines. The histological structure of the excised tissues was also examined. Results: Oxidants (malondialdehyde) and proinflammatory cytokines (nuclear factor kappa B, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1-beta, interleukin-6) increased and antioxidants (total glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase) decreased in ovarian tissues of OIR compared to HG (p<0.001). Oxidant and proinflammatory cytokines were lower and antioxidants were higher in rats receiving CE treatment with the I/R procedure compared to OIR (p<0.001). Histological damage observed in the OIR group was found to be attenuated in the COIR group. Conclusion: The CE may protect the ovarian tissue from I/R damage with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2023Effect of Thiamine Pyrophosphate Upon Oxidative Brain Injury Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats
Yasar, Hasan; Demirdogen, Filiz; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Altuner, Durdu; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Bulut, Seval; Gursul, Cebrail; Suleyman, Halis
Background and Objective: Exposure of the brain to Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R) may cause tissue damage through oxidative stress. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), which has a protective effect against oxidative stress, is the active metabolite of vitamin B-1. In this study, the protective effect of TPP against possible I/R damage of brain tissue was investigated. Materials and Methods: Thirty rats were randomly divided into BIR, TIR and HG groups consisting of ten rats. In the TIR group, 20 mg kgG1 TPP was injected intraperitoneally (ip). After 1 hr, clips were placed in the common carotid arteries of the BIR and TIR groups under anesthesia. Brain tissue was subjected to ischemia for 10 min. Afterward, the clips were opened and 3 hrs of reperfusion was achieved. In the HG group, only subcutaneous incisions were made and closed. Then, the brain tissues removed by euthanasia were biochemically analyzed. Results: While, I/R increased malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-beta) and 8-Hydroxyguanine (8-OHGua) levels in brain tissues, total caused a decrease in glutathione (tGSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPO) and glutathione reductase (GSHRd) levels (p<0.001). The TPP applied before I/R significantly prevented these changes (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of biochemical tests suggested that TPP may be beneficial in preventing possible brain damage due to I/R.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Effect of Lercanidipine, Carvacrol and Their Combination on Ischemia and Reperfusion-induced Distant Organ (Heart) Damage in Rats
Emir, Izzet; Altuner, Durdu; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Suleyman, Zeynep; Coskun, Resit; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Suleyman, Halis
Background and Objective: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage has still been a reason for high morbidity and mortality for patients. Systemic damage is also observed in addition to local damage in lower extremity I/R event. It was purposed to research the protective effect of lercanidipine, carvacrol and lercanidipine, carvacrol their combination (LCC) against cardiac damage possible to develop after the I/R procedure administered to the lower extremities in rats. Materials and Methods: All rats were assigned into five groups, as sham operation (SG), only performed ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) to the lower extremity (IRG), lercanidipine+I/R (LIR), carvacrol+I/R (CIR) and lercanidipine, carvacrol combination+I/R (LCIR), randomly. One hour prior to anesthesia, 10 mg kg(-1) of lercanidipine was given to the LIR group. Carvacrol (50 mg kg(-1)) was injected to the CIR group. Lercanidipine (10 mg kg(-1)) was administered and carvacrol (50 mg kg(-1)) to the LCIR group. In IRG, LIR, CIR and LCIR groups, the ischemia was induced-occluding the femoral-artery for 4 hrs, reperfusion was for 24 hrs. Results: It was observed that malondialdehyde (MDA), troponin I (TPI), Creatine Kinase (CK-MB) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were lower in the heart tissue applied to LCC and total glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase levels were higher than the ones in the groups treated with lercanidipine and carvacrol. Conclusion: Current study suggested that lercanidipine and carvacrol were efficient in the treatment of heart injury, but LCC provided a more efficient treatment. These findings indicated that LCC alone was possible to be better than lercanidipine and carvacrol in reducing the severity of I/R-induced heart damage that occurred in any part of the body.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Comparative Evaluation of Ovarian Ischemia-Reperfusion Induced Distant Organ Damage in Rats
Bicer, Senol; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Yavuzer, Bulent; Altuner, Durdu; Gursul, Cebrail; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Coskun, Resit; Suleyman, Halis
Background and Objective: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is seen in many conditions, including ovarian torsion/detorsion. Ovarian ischemia is an emergency that occurs as a result of torsion of the ovaries. This study aimed to investigate the extent to which brain, heart, lung, kidney and liver tissues were affected by ovarian ischemia-reperfusion damage in albino Wistar-type female rats and to evaluate them by comparison. Materials and Methods: Animals were divided into two groups: The group to be applied sham operation (SG) and the group to be applied the ischemia-reperfusion procedure to the ovaries (OIR). As 2 hrs of ischemia and 6 hrs of reperfusion were conducted in the right ovaries of OIR group rats. After reperfusion, the ovarian, brain, heart, lung, kidney and liver tissues of the animals sacrificed were removed. The severity of tissue damage was assessed by the degree of significance of the increase in oxidative and proinflammatory parameters and the decrease in antioxidants. Results: The organs obtained from the OIR group in which MDA and IL-6 levels were highest, while tGSH, SOD and CAT levels were the lowest, were ovary>kidney>lung>heart, respectively. The levels of these parameters in the brain and liver tissues were found to be almost the same as in the SG group. Current findings showed that ovarian ischemia-reperfusion damage did not affect brain and liver tissues, but the heart was mildly affected, the lung was moderately and kidney tissue was severely affected. Conclusion: Current experimental results showed that it may be useful to consider the possibility of damage to organs such as the heart, lungs and kidneys before and after the ovarian ischemia-reperfusion procedure and take the necessary precautions.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Effects of taxifolin on aspirin-induced gastric damage in rats: macroscopic and biochemical evaluation
Cerrah, Serkan; Akbas, Nergis; Ozcicek, Fatih; Mammadov, Renad; Altuner, Durdu; Suleyman, Halis; Bulut, Seval
Taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) is a flavanonol isolated from various plants and has antioxidant effects. The aim of our study was to macroscopically and biochemically investigate the effects of taxifolin on aspirin-induced oxidative gastric damage in rats and to evaluate them by comparison with those of famotidine. Rats were divided into four drug administration groups: a healthy control group, an aspirin-only group (ASG), a taxifolin + aspirin group (TASG), and a famotidine + aspirin group (FASG). The results revealed that in light of the results that we obtained, 50 mg/kg taxifolin had anti-ulcer effects. At this dose, taxifolin was able to bring COX-1 activities to a level close to those seen in healthy rats with appropriate macroscopic, oxidant/antioxidant, and biochemical parameters. Based on these results, it can be said that taxifolin may be successfully used as a more potent alternative to famotidine, which is the currently accepted treatment for aspirin-induced ulcers.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Carvacrol prevents acrylamide-induced oxidative and inflammatory liver damage and dysfunction in rats
Cerrah, Serkan; Ozcicek, Fatih; Gundogdu, Betul; Cicek, Betul; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Suleyman, Bahadir; Altuner, Durdu; Bulut, Seval; Suleyman, Halis
Background: Acrylamide causes hepatotoxicity with the effect of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. Carvacrol is a monoterpenic phenol with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Aims: To determine the effects of carvacrol on oxidative liver injury induced by acrylamide administration in rats. Methods: Rats were divided into three groups of six animals each: healthy group acrylamide group (ACR), and acrylamide + carvacrol group (TACR). First, carvacrol (50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to the CACR group. One hour later, acrylamide (20 mg/kg) was given orally to the ACR and CACR groups. This procedure was performed for 30 days, after which the animals were sacrificed. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and total glutathione (tGSH) levels, total oxidant (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB) were measured in the excised liver tissues. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were determined in blood serum samples. Liver tissues were also examined histopathologically. Results: In the ACR group, malondialdehyde, TOS, ALT, AST levels, and NF-κB, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels were found to be high, and tGSH and total antioxidant status levels were low. In addition, diffuse degenerative changes and necrosis in hepatocytes, and moderate inflammation in the portal region were detected in the liver tissues of the ACR group. While carvacrol prevented the biochemical changes induced by acrylamide, it also alleviated the damage in the histological structure. Conclusion: Carvacrol may be used for liver damage caused by acrylamide.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2023Effect of anakinra, tocilizumab, and the combination thereof on bladder ischemia-reperfusion damage in albino Wistar-type rats; [Efecto de la anakinra, el tocilizumab y la combinación de ambos sobre el daño por isquemia-reperfusión vesical en ratas albinas tipo Wistar]
Bicer, Senol; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Yavuzer, Bulent; Cicek, Betul; Altuner, Durdu; Coban, Taha A.; Suleyman, Halis
Several studies have reported that oxidative stress, and proinflam-matory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-one beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-six (IL-6) are the main factors underlying bladder ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage. Anakinra and tocilizumab are known to be antioxidants and proinflammatory cytokine inhibitors. Our study aims to investigate if anakinra, tocilizumab, and the combination (ATC) thereof have a protective effect against oxidative and inflammatory bladder damage induced through the I/R procedure in rats, and evaluate by comparing these compounds. Male rats were divided into five groups: bladder sham-operation applied group (SG); bladder only I/R applied group (IRG); anakinra+bladder I/R applied group (AIR); tocilizumab+bladder I/R applied group (TIR); and ATC+bladder I/R applied group (ATIR). An atraumatic clamp was placed on the abdominal aorta of animals in all groups (except SG), and one hour of ischemia followed by two hours of reperfusion was performed. Our biochemical find-ings showed that anakinra and tocilizumab significantly inhibited the increase of oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decrease of antioxidants such as total glu-tathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in bladder tissue by I/R, both at the same levels. Furthermore, anakinra and tocilizumab significantly suppressed the I/R-associated increase of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in bladder tissue. ATC was the one that best prevented the I/R-related increase in MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the decrease in tGSH, SOD, and CAT in the bladder tissue. ATC was more beneficial than anakinra or tocilizumab alone in treating bladder I/R damage.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Effects of benidipine, paracetamol, and their combination on postoperative and normal tissue pain thresholds
Bedir, Zehra; Ozkaloglu Erdem, Kezban Tuna; Doymus, Omer; Suleyman, Halis; Yavuzer, Bulent; Cicek, Betul; Altuner, Durdu; Mammadov, Renad; Yilmaz, Mehmet; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir
Introduction: In clinical practice, inadequate pain inhibition leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Increased intracellular calcium, oxidants, and proinflammatory cytokines are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of postoperative pain. Therefore, we investigated the analgesic effects of benidipine, paracetamol, and benidipine-paracetamol combination (BPC) on postoperative and normal pain thresholds in rats. Material and methods: Sixty-four male albino Wistar rats weighing 285–295 g were used. The without-incision rats were divided into 4 subgroups: healthy control, benidipine alone, paracetamol alone, and BPC. The scalpel-incision rats were divided into 4 subgroups: scalpel incision, scalpel incision + benidipine, scalpel incision + paracetamol, and scalpel incision + BPC. Paw pain thresholds of rats were measured using a Basile algesimeter. Biochemical analyses were performed on the paw tissues of 6 rats randomly taken from the experimental groups, each containing 8 rats. Rats were sacrificed immediately after the measurements. After the pain threshold tests were finished, the paw tissues were removed and malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), cyclooxygenase (COX), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in paw pain threshold and measured biochemical parameters in rats without incision. The decrease in the pain threshold of the incised paw was also best prevented by BPC, followed by benidipine and then paracetamol. Furthermore, increases in scalpel-incised paw tissue MDA, COX-2, and IL-6 levels and the decrease in tGSH were significantly suppressed by benidipine and BPC, while paracetamol could only significantly inhibit the increase in IL-6 production. Conclusion: The combination of the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker benidipine and paracetamol (BPC) may provide potent analgesia. Our experimental results support that BPC may be useful in the treatment of severe pain that cannot be adequately inhibited by paracetamol.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Effect of Usnea longissima ethyl acetate extract on acute oxidative and inflammatory lung damage from Staphylococcus aureus infection in rats
Dabanlioglu, Bulent; Suleyman, Bahadir; Mammadov, Renad; Yavuzer, Bulent; Akyuz, Sumeyye; Akkas, Onder; Mokhtare, Behzad; Turumtay, Emine Akyuz; Altuner, Durdu; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir
The role of oxidants and proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been demonstrated. The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of ethyl acetate extract (EtOAc) obtained from Usnea longissima (UL) against acute oxidative and inflammatory lung damage due to S. aureus infection in rats. Albino Wistar-type male rats were divided into three groups: Healthy (HG), S. aureus inoculated (SaG), and S. aureus inoculated + ULEtOAc administered (SUL). SaG (n = 6) and SUL (n = 6) group rats’ left nostrils (excluding HG) were inoculated with 0.1 ml bacterial mixture. After 24 hours, ULEtOAc (50 mg/kg) was administered orally to the SUL group, and the same volume of normal saline was administered orally to the HG (n = 6) and SaG groups. This procedure was performed once a day for seven days. Levels of oxidant and antioxidant parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and total glutathione (tGSH), as well as pro-inflammatory cytokine levels such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-one beta (IL-1β), were measured in removed lung tissues. Tissues were also examined histopathologically. Biochemical results showed that ULEtOAc significantly suppressed the increase of MDA, NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels and the decrease of tGSH caused by S. aureus in lung tissue. S. aureus inoculation caused severe mononuclear cell infiltration in interstitial areas, severe lymphoid hyperplasia in bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue and severe alveolar edema, histopathologically. Treatment with ULEtOAc had an attenuating effect on these histopathological findings. Experimental results from this study suggest that ULEtOAc may be beneficial in treating S. aureus-induced oxidative and inflammatory lung damage.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Molecular mechanism of the protective effect of adenosine triphosphate against paracetamol-induced liver toxicity in rats
Koç, Alparslan; Gazi, Mustafa; Caner Sayar, Ali; Onk, Didem; Ali Arı, Muhammet; Süleyman, Bahadır; Gökhan Ağgül, Ahmet; Altındağ, Fikret; Altuner, Durdu; Süleyman, Halis
Toxic doses of paracetamol are also known to be close to therapeutic doses. This study aimed to biochemically investigate the protective effect of ATP against paracetamol-induced oxida-tive liver injury in rats and to examine the tissues histopathologically. We divided the animals into the paracetamol alone (PCT), ATP + paracetamol (PATP), and healthy control (HG) groups. Liver tissues were examined biochemically and histopathologically. Malondialdehyde level, AST and ALT activity in the PCT group were significantly higher than those in the HG and PATP groups (p < 0.001). The glutathione (tGSH) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity in the PCT group was significantly lower than that in the HG and PATP groups (p < 0.001), while animal SOD activity was significantly different between the PATP and HG groups (p < 0.001). The activity of CAT was almost the same. In the group treated with paracetamol alone, lipid deposition, necrosis, fibrosis, and grade 3 hydropic degeneration were observed. No histopathological damage was observed of the ATP-treated group, except for grade 2 edema. We discovered that ATP reduces the oxidative stress caused by paracetamol ingestion and protects against paracetamol-induced liver injury at the macroscopic and histological levels.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Taxifolin as a novel therapeutic agent for epileptic seizures induced by caffeine-induced oxidative stress in rats
Yasar, Hasan; Altuner, Durdu; Bulut, Seval; Cicek, Betul; Gursul, Cebrail; Kuzucu, Mehmet; Suleyman, Halis
Background. Epilepsy is a severe neurological disease that results from excessive and/or synchronized neuronal activity in the brain, and oxidative stress plays a role in its pathogenesis. Taxifolin is a flavonoid that exhibits antioxidant activity. Objectives. To investigate the effects of taxifolin on caffeine-induced epileptic seizures in rats and reveal the role of antioxidant activity in antiepileptic therapy. Materials and methods. Forty rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6/group): caffeine 300 mg/kg group (CG), taxifolin 50 mg/kg + caffeine 300 mg/kg group (TCG), 2 mg/kg diazepam + 300 mg/kg caffeine group (DCG), and a healthy group (HG). Taxifolin was given to the TCG, and diazepam was given to the DCG orally. One hour later, caffeine was injected intraperitoneally into the CG, TCG and DCG rats. The time between the caffeine injection and the contractions (the latency period) was determined. Animals were euthanized 1 h after caffeine injection, and brain tissues were biochemically examined for oxidants and antioxidants. Results. Taxifolin and diazepam prolonged the latency period to a similar extent (p = 0.549), while taxifolin was more successful in preventing mortality. Taxifolin suppressed the caffeine-induced increase in myeloperoxidase, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index, and decreased total glutathione, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant status more effectively than diazepam (p < 0.05). Conclusions. We showed the relationship between antioxidant activity and epilepsy treatment, and demonstrated that taxifolin may be useful for treating epilepsy.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2023Protective Effect of Adenosine Triphosphate Against Bevacizumab-Induced Mandibular Bone Damage in Rats
Yalcin, Ertan; Bayramoglu, Zeynep; Mammadov, Renad; Altuner, Durdu; Bulut, Seval; Yavuzer, Bulent; Mokhtare, Behzad; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir; Suleyman, Halis; Suleyman, Bahadir
Bevacizumab is the anticancer drug used as an anti-angiogenic inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A. Bevacizumab causes toxicity by decreasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and increasing through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Male Albino Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups healthy (HG), bevacizumab administered (BVZ) and ATP+bevacizumab administered (ATP+BVZ). In the ATP+BVZ group, 25mg/kg ATP was injected between the mandibular gingiva and the bone. One hour after the application, 10 mg/kg bevacizumab was administrated intraperitoneally to the ATP+BVZ and BVZ groups. Two doses of bevacizumab were administered on the 1st and 15th days. ATP administration was continued once a day for 30 days. intoATP significantly prevented the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels and the decrease in total glutathione (tGSH) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels in the mandible bone tissue. ATP alleviated the histopathological damage associated with bevacizumab.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2023Protective Effect of Adenosine Triphosphate against 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Oxidative Ovarian Damage in vivo
Ozer, Mehmet; Ince, Sefa; Altuner, Durdu; Suleyman, Zeynep; Cicek, Betul; Gulaboglu, Mine; Mokhtare, Behzad; Gursul, Cebrail; Suleyman, Halis
Objective: The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of ATP on possible ovarian damage of 5-FU in rats. Methods: The animals were divided to three groups; healthy group (HG), 5-FU alone group (FUG) and ATP+5-FU administered group (AFU). The ATP 4 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally (IP) into the AFU group. The same volume of saline (0.9% NaCl) as the solvent was administered intraperitoneally to the HG and FUG groups. One hour after administering ATP and solvent, 5-FU 100 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally to the animals in the AFU and FUG groups. ATP was administered to the animals once a day for 10 days. On the 1st, 3rd and 5th days of 5-FU, one dose (total of 3 doses) was administered. On day 10, the animals were euthanasia with high-dose anaesthesia and ovarian tissues were removed. The removed ovaries were analyzed biochemically andhistopathological. Result: ATP significantly suppressed both the increase in MDA and IL-6 levels, and the decrease in tGSH, SOD and CAT levels. Treatment with ATP significantly suppressed the severe vacuolization and primordial follicle degeneration induced by 5-FU in our study. Conclusion: ATP was possible to be useful for the treatment of 5-FU-induced ovarian damage.
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