SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam · SDG · Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi

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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14831
MR arthrographic evaluation of the association between anterolateral soft tissue impingement and osteochondral lesion of the tibiotalar joint
Ogul, Hayri; Taydas, Onur; Tuncer, Kutsi; Polat, Gokhan; Pirimoglu, Berhan; Kantarci, Mecit
Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate on magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography the relationship between joint capsule thickness and the stage of osteochondral lesions of the tibiotalar joint, as well as to evaluate the ankle joint capacity in patients with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD). Also, we demonstrate the unusual locations of osteochondral lesions of the ankle joint. Methods: MR arthrography images were analyzed by two staff radiologists in consensus. The normality of the data was analyzed by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the relationship between joint capsule thickness and patient groups with OCD. Results: The anterolateral joint capsule thickness was significantly higher than the anteromedial and posterior joint capsule thickness in the OCD with loose bodies group (p = 0.049). Osteochondral defects were most commonly detected at the medial talar dome: in 29 of 37 patients (78.3%) in the OCD without loose bodies group and in 16 of 29 (55.2%) patients in the OCD with loose bodies group. The second most common localization of the osteochondral defect in the OCD with loose bodies group was the medial plafond of distal tibia [in 9 of 29 (31.1%) patients]. Conclusions: Clinical and radiological evidence of anterolateral impingement syndrome often accompanies stage 4 OCDs. OCDs of the distal tibial plafond are not rare in the ankle joint and are often associated with loose bodies.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14830
Effects of postoperative osteoporosis treatment on subsequent fracture and the 5-year survival rates after hemiarthroplasty for hip fracture
Cobden, Adem; Cobden, Serap Bulut; Camurcu, Yalkin; Ucpunar, Hanifi; Duman, Serda; Sofu, Hakan
Summary: According to the literature, only 20–30% of patients are screened for osteoporosis after a hip fracture. Osteoporosis treatment may have a potential protective effect on the 5-year mortality rate. Our results demonstrated that 5-year survival is higher in patients who received osteoporosis treatment after hemiarthroplasty for hip fracture compared with those who did not. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the status of osteoporosis treatment in patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty for an osteoporotic hip fracture and to compare subsequent fractures and the 5-year survival rates of these patients with those who did not receive the osteoporosis treatment. Methods: Patients > 65 years of age who underwent hemiarthroplasty for an osteoporotic hip fracture were included in this retrospective multicenter study. Patients who died within 12 months postoperative, who were lost to follow-up, and those with malignancy and secondary osteoporosis were excluded. Group I comprised patients who had no postoperative osteoporosis screening and treatment, and Group II comprised those who received the screening and treatment. Results: A total of 460 of 562 patients (82%) did not receive osteoporosis treatment after hip fracture. No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of subsequent fracture numbers and fracture sites (p = 0.296 and 0.240, respectively). Mean 5-year survival rate was significantly higher in Group II (p = 0.002). Conclusions: According to our results, elderly patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty for an osteoporotic hip fracture were not commonly screened or treated for osteoporosis. Our results demonstrated no significant difference between the groups in terms of subsequent fracture. However, we observed a significant high 5-year survival rate among patients who received the osteoporosis treatment.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14822
Atorvastatin-loaded nanosprayed chitosan nanoparticles for peripheral nerve injury
Haidar, Mohammad Karim; Demirbolat, Gülen Melike; Timur, Selin Seda; Gürsoy, Reyhan Neslihan; Nemutlu, Emirhan; Ulubayram, Kezban; Öner, Levent; Eroğlu, Hakan
In this study, chitosan nanoparticles containing atorvastatin calcium were prepared using the nanospray-drying method to be used in the local treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. The main focus was to investigate the effect of the molecular weight and concentration of the polymer, the concentration of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and the diameter of the spray nozzle (4·0, 5·5 and 7·0 mm) on the final properties of nanoparticles. Atorvastatin nanoparticles were characterized in terms of morphology, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release. In all formulations, the nanoparticles were found to be in the submicrometer range (510·5 ± 22·3–820·0 ± 98·7 nm) with a positive surface charge (11·1–26·6 mV) and a narrow particle size distribution (PDI = 0·10–0·58). Further evaluation of the synthesized nanoparticles revealed high encapsulation efficiency (23·37–53·61%) and production yield (58·30–74·10%). Critical examination of the morphology of nanoparticles in all formulations indicated that the nanoparticles were almost spherical in shape and had a wrinkled surface. The in vitro release test revealed that the nanoparticles were capable of maintaining a sustained release of atorvastatin for about 200 h. The cytotoxicity of chitosan nanoparticles was evaluated using L-929 and B35 cells, and the nanoparticles were found to show no toxic effect.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14815
Mid-term survivals of cemented calcar-replacement bipolar hemiarthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients
Cobden, Adem; Camurcu, Yalkin; Duman, Serda; Kocabiyik, Ahmet; Kıs, Mehmet; Saklavcı, Nuh
Background: The literature has limited evidence regarding the mid-term survivals of cemented calcar-replacement bipolar hemiarthroplasty (HA) in elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric (IT) fracture. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes of cemented calcar-replacement bipolar HA for unstable IT fractures in elderly patients. Methods: One hundred and twenty-two patients with the mean age of 80.6 years were enrolled in this retrospective study after they met the selection criteria. Demographics, main clinical characteristics, and operative data were recorded for all patients. Functional outcomes were assessed according to Koval's categories. Clinical and radiological evaluations were performed. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to construct the cumulative survival rate. The mean follow-up time was 25.7 ± 2.9 months (ranges 0–72 months). Results: Based on Koval's categories, 3 or 4-level decrease was detected in 21 patients (17%). Three patients (2 periprosthetic infections, 1 periprosthetic fracture) underwent reoperation during follow-up. No patient underwent revision of bipolar HA prosthesis. Femoral stem loosening and stem subsidence was the most common complication, observed in 22 patients (18%), followed by acetabular erosion that was seen in 12 patients (9.8%). The mean cumulative survival rate of prosthesis was 56.5% (95% confidence interval: 51.3–61.6). Conclusion: Based on the results of our study, cemented calcar-replacement HA is an appropriate treatment option in elderly patients with unstable IT fractures owing to the advantages of satisfactory functional outcomes and lower reoperation rates. However, orthopedic surgeons should consider the low survival rates of cemented calcar-replacement HA prosthesis because of the increased femoral loosening in osteoporotic elderly patients.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14802
Carvone protects against paclitaxel-induced retinal and optic nerve cytotoxicity: a histopathological study
Cinici, Emine; Dilekmen, Nilay; Kutlu, Zerrin; Dincer, Busra; Cinici, Ozkan; Balta, Hilal; Calık, Ilknur
Purpose: Carvone (CVN) is a natural monoterpene found in essential oils of many aromatic plant species. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of CVN against paclitaxel (PTX)-induced retinal and optic nerve cytotoxicity in rats. Methods: Twenty-four male adult Wistar albino rats (250–400 g) were randomized into four equal groups comprising six animals in each. Group 1 (control group) received intraperitoneal (i.p.) saline solution (0.5 mL/200 g) weekly for 4 weeks. Group 2 received i.p. CVN [(S)-(+)- CVN, (5S)-5-Isopropenyl-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, C10H14, 25 mg/kg], while Group 3 received i.p. PTX (5 mg/kg) weekly for 4 weeks. Group 4 received i.p. CVN (25 mg/kg) 30 min after i.p. PTX (5 mg/kg) weekly for 4 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, retinal and optic nerve tissues were evaluated histopathologically. Results: All retinal specimens in control and CVN groups were histopathologically normal. In PTX group all eyes (6/6) demonstrated increased retinal vascularity and rosette-like structures in the outer nuclear layer, while in PTX-CVN group all eyes (6/6) demonstrated normal retinal vascularity and absence of rosette-like structures. All optic nerve specimens in control and CVN groups were histopathologically normal. In PTX group all eyes (6/6) demonstrated severe vacuolization and decrease in the number of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, while 3 eyes (3/6) demonstrated marked single cell necrosis. In PTX-CVN group, 4 eyes (4/6) demonstrated moderate vacuolization while, 2 eyes (2/6) had none. Compared with PTX group, 1 eye (1/6) in PTX-CVN group demonstrated a decrease in numbers of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes while 5 eyes (5/6) were normal. No remarkable single cell necrosis was observed in PTX-CVN group. Conclusions: Our histopathological findings demonstrated the potential protective role of CVN against PTX-induced retinal and optic nerve cytotoxicity. CVN might be a promising molecule in counteracting oxidative stress-based cytotoxicity in the field of retinal and optic nerve disorders.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14792
Incidence and density of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis (Acari: Demodicidae) in patients with acne in the province of Erzincan, Turkey
Zeytun, Erhan; Yazıcı, Mustafa
The present study was carried out to determine the incidence and density of Demodex folliculorum (Simon, 1842) and Demodex brevis Akbulutova, 1963 in patients with acne. The study included 210 patients diagnosed with acne during clinical examination, and 150 healthy controls without any facial dermatoses. In the study, samples were taken from the right cheek, left cheek, nasolabial area, and chin of the participants using the Standard Superficial Skin Biopsy technique. Samples were examined under a light microscope, and Demodex species were identified and counted. Demodex positivity (≥5 mites) was detected in 62.4% of the patients and 16.7% of the controls in the study (p < 0.001). A total of 3325 (mean: 25.4/cm 2 ) mites were isolated from Demodex-positive patients. A total of 2015 (mean: 19.2/cm 2 ) mites were isolated from patients infested with D. folliculorum only, 52 (mean: 7.4/cm 2 ) mites were isolated from patients infested with D. brevis only, and 1058 (mean: 65.2/cm 2 ) mites were isolated from patients infested with both species. The mean density of both mites (co-infection D. folliculorum and D. brevis) was detected as 21.0, 43.5, and 117.1/cm 2 respectively, in patients with mild, moderate, and severe acne. In the controls who was Demodex positive, only D. folliculorum or co-infection with both mites were detected, not D. brevis alone. A total of 167 (mean: 6.7/cm 2 ) mites were isolated from these controls. As a result, Demodex mites were found to be very common and intense in patients with acne in Erzincan, Turkey. It was also concluded that there was a positive correlation between Demodex mites and degree of acne, and that the co-infection of D. folliculorum and D. brevis aggravated the clinical picture in patients with acne. It may be helpful to consider these findings in clinical assessments of patients with acne.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14791
Prenatal bisphenol a and phthalate exposure are risk factors for male reproductive system development and cord blood sex hormone levels
Sunman, Birce; Yurdakök, Kadriye; Kocer-Gumusel, Belma; Özyüncü, Özgür; Akbıyık, Filiz; Balcı, Aylin; Özkemahlı, Gizem; Erkekoğlu, Pınar; Yurdakök, Murat
Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates can adversely affect the fetal development. However, observational studies on the effects of these chemicals on fetal male reproductive system are still limited. A hundred of umbilical cord blood samples were analyzed for the levels of BPA, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), and sex hormones. After birth, male newborns underwent physical examination that included measurements of anogenital distance, stretched penile length (SPL), and penile width. BPA, DEHP and MEHP levels were detectable in ≈99% of cord blood samples. In covariate-adjusted models, cord blood BPA levels were inversely associated with SPL of newborns and positively associated with cord blood estradiol levels. In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between cord blood DEHP levels and anogenital distance index of newborn males. Our results suggest that in utero BPA and DEHP exposure exerted adverse effects on fetal male reproductive development and cord blood estradiol levels.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14788
Measurement of anticancer, antidiabetic and anticholinergic properties of sumac (Rhus coriaria): analysis of its phenolic compounds by LC–MS/MS
Tohma, Hatice; Altay, Ahmet; Köksal, Ekrem; Gören, Ahmet Ceyhan; Gülçin, İlhami
The present study aimed to investigate Sumac (Rhus coriaria) for anticancer, antidiabetic, anticholinergic activities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Two solvents, water and ethanol, were used for extraction. For anticancer activity, the extracts were tested against human cancer cell lines including HT-29 and MCF-7. The cell growth inhibition rate was measured via XTT assay. The antidiabetic activity of the sumac extracts was measured by the inhibition of α-glycosidase and α-amylase enzymes, whereas the anticholinergic activity was measured via the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteau and the aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was used for the separation, identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in the samples. The ethanolic extract had higher phenolic and phenolic contents than aqueous extract. It exhibited substantial antiproliferative, antidiabetic and anticholinergic activities. The aqueous extract of sumac showed moderate therapeutic efficiency in all the preformed assays. LC–MS/MS study revealed fumaric acid as a main compound in both the ethanolic (452.78 mg/kg) and aqueous (180.72 mg/kg) extracts. These results suggest that sumac may have health-enhancing effects and act as inhibitors of certain enzymes or interfering with some cellular pathways.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14776
The Relationship between Visceral Adiposity Index and Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Baloglu, Ismail; Turkmen, Kultigin; Selcuk, Nedim Yllmaz; Tonbul, Halil Zeki; Ozcicek, Adalet; Hamur, Hikmet; Iylsoy, Sinan; Akbas, Emin Murat
Introduction and aim Cardiovascular diseases remain the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), visceral fat depot of the heart, was found to be associated with coronary artery disease in cardiac and non-cardiac patients. Increased visceral adiposity is associated with proinflammatory activity, impaired insulin sensitivity, increased risk of atherosclerosis and high mortality. In the present study we aimed to investigate the relationship between EAT and visceral adiposity index (VAI) in patients with diabetes. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 128 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (73 females, 55 males; mean age, 54.09+±+9.17 years) and 32 control subjects (23 females, 9 males; mean age, 50.09+±+7.81 years). EAT was measured by using a trans-thoracic echocardiograph. Parameters such as waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were used to calculate VAI. Result EAT and VAI measurements were significantly higher in patients with diabetes when compared to control subjects. In the bivariate correlation analysis, VAI was positively correlated with uric acid level (r=0.214, p=0.015), white blood cell count (r= 0.262, p=0.003), platelet count (r=0.223, p=0.011) and total cholesterol levels (r= 0.363, p<0.001). Also, VAI was found to be the independent predictor of EAT. Conclusion Simple calculation of VAI was found to be associated with increased EAT in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14768
The relationship between vitamin D and inflammatory markers in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Kara, Ali Veysel; Soylu, Yasin Emrah
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D and novel inflammatory markers in hemodialysis patients. Methods: In total, 129 eligible maintenance hemodialysis patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their serum vitamin D levels. A serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level < 20 ng/ml was identified as vitamin D deficiency and a serum level ≥ 20 ng/ml was identified as normal. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were calculated from the complete blood cell count. Spearman correlation analysis and both logistic and linear regression analyses were used to define the relationships between the study parameters. Results: The two groups showed statistically significant differences for gender and for C-reactive protein (CRP) and NLR values (p = 0.017, p = 0.010, and p = 0.013). Age and gender were independently associated with vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.003 and p = 0.030). Serum 25(OH)D levels showed significant but weak inverse correlations with CRP (r = − 0.205, p = 0.020) and with NLR (r = − 0.219, p = 0.013). Serum 25(OH)D levels also showed a significant but very weak correlation with PLR (r = − 0.182, p = 0.039). Serum 25(OH)D levels showed no correlation with mean platelet volume (p = 0.660). Gender was the only variable significantly associated with serum vitamin D levels, as determined by linear regression analysis (p = 0.003). Conclusion: CRP levels and NLR values were significantly higher in the vitamin D deficiency group. A significant inverse correlation was found between serum vitamin D levels and CRP levels, and NLR and PLR values.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14760
Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intramuscular danofloxacin in red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans)
Corum, Orhan; Corum, Duygu Durna; Altan, Feray; Er, Ayse; Cetin, Gul; Uney, Kamil
This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) following a single intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administrations of 6 mg/kg, using a two-way crossover study with 30-day washout period. Eight clinically healthy red-eared slider turtle weighing 410-600 g (mean 490 g) were used for the study. Danofloxacin concentrations were measured using the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The plasma concentration-time data were evaluated by a non-compartmental method. After IV administration, the elimination half-life (t1/2 ʎ z), mean residence time (MRT0-∞), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞), volume of distribution at steady state and total body clearance in plasma were 24.17 hr, 30.64 hr, 143.31 hr·μg/ml, 1.29 l/kg and 0.04 l/hr/kg, respectively. Following IM administration, t1/2ʎz, MRT0-∞AUC0-∞,peak concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax, and bioavailability in plasma were 32.00 hr, 41.15 hr, 198.23 hr·μg/ml, 8.75 μg/ml, 1.5 hr and 139.89%, respectively. Danofloxacin has clinically superior pharmacokinetic properties, including the complete IM absorption, slow elimination and wide volume of distribution in redeared slider turtles. However, further pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics studies are necessary for the treatment of diseases caused by susceptible bacteria with known minimum inhibitory concentration values in red-eared slider turtles.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14742
Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro effect of the Cu(II) complex with niflumic acid and 3-picoline on paraoxanase-I
Dilek, Esra; Caglar, Sema; Çardak, Seda; Karakoç, Barış; Caglar, Bülent; Sahin, Onur
Niflumic acid is used to treat inflammatory rheumatoid diseases, pain, and fever. The present study reports the experimental, spectroscopic, thermal, structural analyses, and biological activities of this complex. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug niflumic acid, 3-picoline, and copper(II) chloride were utilized to synthesize a new complex: [Cu2Cl 2(nif) 2(3-pic) 4]. The crystal structure of [Cu 2Cl 2(nif) 2(3-pic) 4] was determined by X-ray crystallography. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 and each Cu(II) center displayed six-coordinated distorted octahedral geometry. Two Cu(II) centers are connected by a chloro-bridge to form the binuclear metal core. Finally, the in vitro effects of the synthesized new complex and free niflumic acid were evaluated on the human serum paraoxonase 1 enzyme. At low doses, both the new complex and free niflumic acid showed very good inhibition activity with different inhibition mechanisms. In addition, the results showed that the new complex has more inhibition activity than free niflumic acid.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14740
Brachial Artery Vasospasm Caused by Cervical Dorsal Root Ganglion Degeneration After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study
Kayacı, Selim; Çakir, Tayfun; Aydın, Mehmet Dumlu; Kanat, Ayhan; Omeroglu, Muhammed; Levent, Akin; Kantarci, A. Mecit; Diyarbakırlı, Semih; Demirci, Elif
Purpose: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may lead to vasospasm in various vessels. The cervical nerves have a vasodilatory effect on the upper extremity arteries. The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a relationship between C6 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) degeneration and brachial artery (BA) vasospasm after spinal SAH. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 23 rabbits. The animals were divided into 3 groups: control (n = 5), SHAM (n = 5), and study group (n = 13). One cubic centimeter (cc) of serum saline was injected into the cisterna magna of animals of the SHAM group; the same procedure was performed by 1 cc of homologous blood in the study group. Degenerated neuron densities (DNDs) of DRGs (n/mm3) at C6 levels and BA vasospasm indexes (VSI; wall surface/lumen surface) of all animals were determined and results were analyzed statistically. Results: Mean VSI values of BAs and DNDs of C6DRGs of the control, SHAM, and study groups were estimated as 10 ± 3/1.12 ± 0.11 n/mm3, 34 ± 9/1.27 ± 0.24 n/mm3, and 1031 ± 145/2.93 ± 0.78 n/mm3, respectively. Mean DNDs and VSI values were statistically significantly different between the control and study groups (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: C6DRG degeneration may be considered as an important factor in the etiopathogenesis of severe BA vasospasm after SAH.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14732
Comparison of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction with serological tests and culture for diagnosing human brucellosis
Dal, Tuba; Kara, Soner Sertan; Cikman, Aytekin; Balkan, Cigdem Eda; Acıkgoz, Ziya Cibali; Zeybek, Hasan; Uslu, Hakan; Durmaz, Rıza
Objective: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease with various clinical presentations and early diagnosis is crucial to avoid severe complications. Due to limitations of conventional diagnostic methods, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based approaches have gained importance in diagnosis.We aimed to evaluate diagnostic value of multiplex real time-PCR (mRT-PCR) in serum samples collected from brucellosis suspected patients by comparision sensitivity of mRT-PCR with those of conventional diagnostic methods. Material and Methods: A total of 249 serum samples collected from the suspected brucellosis patients admitted to the hospitals in three different provinces were analyzed by serological tests, culture and mRT-PCR. In laboratories of the participating hospital, serum samples were tested for the Brucella specific antibody by commercial serological kits including standart tube agglutination test (STAT), Coombs’ test, and immunocapture test (ICT). Blood culture was performed for 153 of the patients in the participating hospital. All serum samples were analyzed for the presence of Brucella DNA by mRT-PCR. Results: According to laboratory test results, 215 of the 249 suspected cases having comparible clinical data were identified as brucellosis cases. Of the 215 brucellosis cases, 36 were diagnosed as definitive cases, the remaning 179 patients were presumptive cases. Sensitivity of mRT-PCR in the samples that were positive by ICT, STAT, Coombs’ test, and blood culture was 70.2%, 77.3%, 83%, and 97.2%, respectively. By using mRT-PCR, additional 17 suspected patients were diagnosed as presumptive cases. Among the mRT-PCR positive serum samples, Brucella abortus was detected in 3 samples (1.9%), the remaining 156 samples (98.1%) had B. melitensis DNA. Conclusion: Our results indicate that mRT-PCR can be considered a useful diagnostic tool in patients who have negative serologic test results, and in detection of Brucella species.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14725
Tunica albuginea cyst presenting with milk of calcium
Karavas, Erdal; Taydas, Onur
Tunica albuginea cysts are rarely seen but are important and can be diagnosed easily with ultrasonography. Calcium milk is defined as the precipitation of calcium in a cyst or other fluid-containing structure and can be seen in many organs. In this case report, calcium milk seen in a tunica albuginea cyst is discussed.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14716
Arthroscopic versus open, medial approach, surgical reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip in patients under 18 months of age
Duman, Serda; Camurcu, Yalkin; Sofu, Hakan; Ucpunar, Hanifi; Akbulut, Deniz; Yildirim, Timur
Background and purpose — The value of arthroscopic surgical reduction in developmental hip dysplasia is poorly known. We compared the clinical and radiographic efficacy of arthroscopic and medial open surgical reduction in patients less than 18 months of age with developmental hip dysplasia. Patients and methods — 54 patients with a mean age of 11 months who were treated by Ludloff’s medial open reduction technique (28 hips, Group L) or arthroscopic surgical reduction technique (26 hips, Group A) were evaluated in this case series. Data on age, sex, preoperative Tönnis grade, operative time, estimated blood loss, residual leg length discrepancy, range of motion (ROM), acetabular index (AI) angle, coverage ratio of the femoral head, continuity of Menard–Shenton line, re-dislocation rate, McKay classification, and Kalamchi–MacEwen avascular necrosis (AVN) classification were collected. Results — Preoperatively, the mean AI angle was 39° in Group L and 37° in Group A. At the latest follow-up, the mean AI was 26° in both groups. The mean femoral head coverage ratio was 79% in Group L and 80% in Group A. The Menard–Shenton line was intact in all patients. Residual leg length discrepancy or limited ROM was not detected in any patients. 4 patients in Group L and 2 in Group A were diagnosed with type 2 AVN. Interpretation — Arthroscopic surgical reduction in patients aged 6–18 months revealed promising clinical and radiographic outcomes similar to medial open reduction using Ludloff’s technique.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14710
Decreased catalase expression is associated with ligamentum flavum hypertrophy due to lumbar spinal canal stenosis
Yücetaş, Şeyho Cem; Çakır, Tayfun
Background: This is an immunohistologic study of gene expression between patients and controls. This study aims to evaluate expression of the catalase gene in hypertrophied ligamentum flavum (LF) specimens obtained from patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). LSCS is one of the most common spinal disorders. It is well known that LF hypertrophy plays an important role in the onset of LSCS. Although degenerative changes, aging, and mechanical stress are all thought to contribute to hypertrophy and fibrosis of the LF, the precise pathogenesis of LF hypertrophy remains unknown. Previous genetic studies have tried to determine the mechanism of LF hypertrophy. However, the association between catalase gene expression and LF hypertrophy has not yet been explored. Methods: LF specimens were surgically obtained from 30 patients with spinal stenosis (LSCS group) and from 30 controls with lumbar disc herniation (LDH group). LF thickness was measured at the thickest point using calipers to an accuracy of 0.01 mm during surgical intervention. The extent of LF elastin degradation and fibrosis were graded (grades 0–4) by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson trichrome staining, respectively. The resulting LF measurements, histologic data, and immunohistologic results were then compared between the 2 groups. Results: The average LF thickness was significantly higher in the LSCS group than in the LDH group (5.99 and 2.95 mm, respectively, P = .004). Elastin degradation and fibrosis of the LF were significantly more severe in spinal stenosis samples than in the disc herniation samples (3.04 ± 0.50 vs 0.79 ± 0.60, P = .007; 3.01 ± 0.47 vs 0.66 ± 0.42, P = .009, respectively). Significantly lower expression of catalase was observed in the perivascular area of LF samples obtained from patients with LSCS compared with controls (61.80 ± 31.10 vs 152.80 ± 41.13, respectively, P = .009). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that decreased expression of catalase is associated with LF hypertrophy in patients with LSCS.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14702
Could interleukin-33 and its suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) receptor have a role in cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infections?
Kulhan, Nur Gozde; Kulhan, Mehmet; Aydin, Merve; Nayki, Umit; Nayki, Cenk; Ulug, Pasa; Ata, Nahit; Mertoglu, Cuma; Cikman, Aytekin; Sayar, İlyas
Why most women can clear human papillomavirus (HPV) infections while others can develop permanent infections. The stimulation of immunotolerance of the immune system of the host by the persistent HPV infection may be the answer to this question. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) may play a role in the pathogenesis of HPV infection, this hypothesis was thought to be due to the rapid release of IL-33 from damaged cells following tissue damage, necrosis, and activation of the inflammasome. Thus, in this study, the role of IL-33/suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) was emphasized in HPV positive and HPV negative cervical tissues. A total of 80 were assessed. The reduced levels of IL-33 and ST2 are associated with cervical HPV infections. There was a statistically significant 42% positive correlation between IL-33 and ST2 in the HPV-positive group. Surprisingly, our data showed no significant difference between the expression levels of IL-33 or ST2 and working status, type of delivery, pre- and post-operative pathology, cigarette, educational status, locality, birth control method, gynecological, and colposcopic findings. We found that as a result of our study; low IL-33 and ST2 levels were associated with HPV infections.
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MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/ebyu/14670
A New Neuropathologic Mechanism of Blood pH Irregularities After Neck Trauma: Importance of Carotid Body−Glossopharyngeal Nerve Network Degeneration
Çakır, Tayfun; Kayacı, Selim; Aydın, Mehmet Dumlu; Özöner, Barış; Çalık, İlknur; Altınkaynak, Konca
Objective: We created a neck trauma model by injecting blood into the sheath of rabbits' carotid bodies (CBs). Then we determined the relationship between neuronal degeneration of the CB due to hemorrhage of this organ and its clinical effects such as blood pH and heart rhythm. Methods: The present study included 24 adult male New Zealand rabbits. The animals were divided into 3 groups: control (n = 5); sham (0.5 mL saline injected into CBs; n = 5); and study (CB trauma model; n = 14). pH values and heart rhythms were recorded before the experiment to determine the values under normal conditions, and measurements were repeated thrice in the days following the experiment. The number of normal and degenerated neuron density of CBs was counted. The relationship between the blood pH values, heart rhythms, and degenerated neuron densities was analyzed. Results: Heart rhythms were 218 ± 20 in the control group, 197 ± 16 in the sham group (P = 0.09), and 167 ± 13 in the study group (P < 0.0005). pH values were 7.40 ± 0.041 in the control group, 7.321 ± 0.062 in the sham group (P = 0.203), and 7.23 ± 0.02 in study group (P < 0.0005). Degenerated neuron densities were 12 ± 4/mm3 in the control group, 430 ± 74/mm3 in the sham group (P < 0.005), and 7434 ± 810/mm3 in the study group (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: A high degenerate neuron density in the CB can decrease blood pH and hearth rhythm after neck trauma, and there might be a close relationship between the number of degenerated neurons and clinical findings (such as heart rhythm and blood pH). This relationship suggests that injury to the glossopharyngeal nerve−CB network can cause acidosis by disturbing the breathing-circulating reflex and results in respiratory acidosis.
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MakaleYalnız künye2019/r/ebyu/14668
The effects of lutein on optic nerve injury induced by ethambutol and isoniazid: an experimental study
Karakurt, Yucel; Süleyman, Halis; Keskin Cimen, Ferda; Tasli, Gamze; Ucak, Turgay; Icel, Erel; Kurt, Nezahat
Aim: Ethambutol and isoniazid are two major effective first line agents in tuberculosis treatment having some visual adverse effects. We aimed to determine the protective effects of lutein on oxidative optic neuropathy induced by ethambutol and isoniazid in an experimental model. Material and method: Totally 24 albino Wistar male rats were assigned into 4 groups, with 6 rats in each group as follows: healthy controls (HC group), 50 mg/kg ethambutol +50 mg/kg isoniazid administered group (EI), 0.5 mg/kg lutein +50 mg/kg ethambutol +50 mg/kg isoniazid administered group (LEI-05) and only Lutein (0.5 mg/kg) (LUT group) administered group. From the blood samples and tissues obtained from the rats, Malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (GSH), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were studied. Histopathological evaluations were performed at the end of the study. Results: Serum and tissue IL-1β, TNF-α and MDA levels were the highest in EI group which were significantly lower in lutein administered group. On the other hand, serum and tissue total GSH levels were the lowest in EI group which were significantly higher in Lutein administered group. In histopathological evaluations, there were significant differences between EI group and all other three groups with edema and hemorrhage in connective tissue covering optic nerve, dilated and congested capillary, decrease in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Conclusion: Isoniazid and ethambutol induced toxic optic neuropathy although not common, may have some potential devastating effects on vision. Lutein is determined as an effective agent in prevention of isoniazid and ethambutol induced toxic optic neuropathy.
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