SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam · SDG · Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi

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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10877
MRI-Derived Scapular Superomedial Angle and Acromial Morphology: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Reliability and Morphometric Association Study
Kandefer, Sami; Gür, Volkan; Gökgöz, Mehmet Burak; Can, Muhammet Ali; Taş, Metin; Memiş, Kemal Buğra; Kantarcı, Mecit; Koçkara, Nizamettin; Yapıcı, Furkan
Background/Objectives: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived scapular superomedial angle (SMA) may serve as a continuous descriptor of scapular geometry. We evaluated whether SMA is associated with acromial morphology, examined SMA and subacromial space (SAS) across acromial categories, and quantified measurement reliability. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 306 shoulders from 279 patients (27 bilateral) were analyzed after screening 353 examinations. SMA and SAS were measured independently by two orthopedic observers, and acromial morphology was classified independently by two radiologists, all in blinded sessions. Reliability, group comparisons, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and patient-level clustered generalized estimating equations were performed. Results: Interobserver reliability was excellent for SMA (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.960) and SAS (ICC, 0.926), and intraobserver reliability was excellent for SMA and good for SAS (ICC, 0.944 and 0.848); acromial classification agreement was almost perfect (linear-weighted kappa, 0.980). SMA increased stepwise across Type I to III acromia (128.7°, 133.9°, 137.2°; p < 0.001), whereas SAS decreased (7.5, 6.8, 6.3 mm; p < 0.001). Each 1° SMA increase was independently associated with Type III morphology (adjusted odds ratio, 1.18; p < 0.001). SMA was not independently associated with rotator-cuff severity (p = 0.842). Because adjacent Type II–III differences approached the minimum detectable change, individual-level discrimination was limited. Conclusions: MRI-derived SMA is a reproducible descriptor associated with acromial morphology at the group level, but adjacent-category differences approached measurement error. SMA should not substitute for direct acromial classification, and external validation is required before clinical thresholds are considered.
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ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10876
Synthesis and characterization of 2,3-diaminophenazine@CuhNFs and 2,3-diaminopyridine@CuhNFs: a new strategy to enhance anticancer activity
Somturk-Yilmaz, Burcu; Turkmenoglu, Burçin; Akkoc, Senem
In this study, synthesis and characterization of 2,3-diaminophenazine@CuhNFs and 2,3-diaminopyridine@CuhNFs were carried out. The morphologies of the synthesized CuhNFs were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray, elemental mapping, and XRD spectroscopy. Organic compounds and synthesized nanoflowers were screened against human lung (A549) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. The results show that the tested compounds had cytotoxic activity in both cell lines. To support the in vitro part of the study, the MTT results were also examined by in silico approaches. The binding parameter values of compounds interacting via in silico with 1M17 and 3ERT crystal structures in molecular docking and important amino acids in the binding site were determined. The pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity of compounds were evaluated using ADMET analysis.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10870
Lyophilised walnut milk powders enriched with vitamin B12 and L-Carnitine for vegan athletes
Acar, Hatice Kübra; Yangılar, Filiz
This study was to investigate the characteristic properties of functional powder formulations produced by the lyophilization technique, enriched with vitamin B12 and L-carnitine, and containing walnuts, walnut milk, walnut milk powder, and lupin flour, aiming to support the nutritional needs of vegan athletes. Vitamin B12 analysis of vegan powder samples were performed using an HPLC device. Vitamin B12 levels ranged from 3.64% to 3.92%. Sample B (15% carnitine added) exhibited the highest protein content (31.08%), while sample C (20% carnitine added) the most total phenolic content (192 mg GAE/100 g), suggesting a strong potential for oxidative stress mitigation. The formulations displayed high dispersibility (87.28%–92.74%) and yield efficiency (90.68%–92.82%), indicating excellent solubility and practical applicability. Sample B showed the highest antioxidant activity as DPPH (6.61 mmol TE/kg), FRAP (6.57 mmol Fe²⁺/kg), and CUPRAC (8.00 mg TE/g). Additionally, sample C presented the highest energy density (448.73 kcal/100 g) while sample K (520 mg/100 g). The inclusion of 15% L-carnitine in sample B significantly enhanced palatability and overall acceptability.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10867
The relationship between prenatal attachment and death anxiety in high-risk pregnancies
Kasımoğlu, Necla; Baş, Nazan G.
This study aims to examine the relationship between prenatal attachment and death anxiety in high-risk pregnancies. The study, a descriptive and correlational design, was conducted with 158 women with high-risk pregnancies in eastern Türkiye between May and December 2024. Data were collected using a socio-demographic form, the Prenatal Attachment Inventory, and the Templer Death Anxiety Scale.The mean score on the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) was 62.1 ± 10.84, while the mean score on the Templer Death Anxiety Scale was 6.9 ± 2.99. A positive correlation was found between PAI and Death Anxiety scores (r = .169, p < .005). Death anxiety was predicted by maternal age and the level of prenatal attachment. African Journal of Reproductive Health © 2026.; Cette étude vise à examiner la relation entre l’attachement prénatal et l’anxiété face à la mort chez les femmes ayant une grossesse à haut risque. L’étude, de type descriptif et corrélationnel, a été menée auprès de 158 femmes enceintes à haut risque dans l’est de la Turquie, entre mai et décembre 2024. Les données ont été recueillies à l’aide d’un formulaire socio-démographique, de l’Inventaire de l’Attachement Prénatal (Prenatal Attachment Inventory - PAI) et de l’Échelle d’Anxiété de la Mort de Templer. Le score moyen à l’Inventaire de l’Attachement Prénatal était de 62,1± 10,84, tandis que le score moyen à l’Échelle d’Anxiété de la Mort était de 6,9 ± 2,99. Une corrélation positive a été observée entre les scores du PAI et de l’anxiété face à la mort (r = 0,169, p < 0,005).L’anxiété de la mort était prédite par l’âge maternel et le niveau d’attachement prénatal.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10866
A systematic review of emerging technologies and their impact on adolescent well-being and religious identity
Ferreira, João Miguel Alves; Bauerová, Radka; Taşlıbeyaz, Elif; Giannouli, Vaitsa; Koyuncu, Merve; Agatonović, Miloš; O'Higgins Norman, James; Meehan, Amalee; Bojić, Ljubiša
The rapid growth of emerging digital technologies is reshaping youth psychological well-being and religious identity in increasingly plural social contexts. This systematic review examines the impact of deepfakes, gaming, the metaverse, virtual reality, and chat applications on youth well-being, with particular attention to religion as both a protective factor and a target of digital harm. A PRISMA 2020–guided systematic review was conducted using Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2025, focused on youth aged approximately 10–24 years, and examined emerging digital technologies in relation to psychological well-being, identity development, bullying, or religiosity. Quantitative, qualitative, experimental, and intervention studies were included. Due to methodological heterogeneity, findings were synthesized thematically, and study quality was appraised narratively rather than through meta-analysis. Thematic synthesis revealed that moderate gaming and virtual reality applications can enhance well-being, empathy, and religious literacy, while religiosity is frequently associated with reduced addiction risk. In contrast, chat applications were consistently linked to higher levels of cyberbullying, with religious minorities experiencing two to three times greater exposure to harassment, exclusion, and identity-based attacks, contributing to depression and social isolation. Deepfakes were associated with erosion of trust and identity-related distress, while metaverse environments amplified body image pressures and faith-based harassment. Limitations include the scarcity of longitudinal research explicitly addressing religion–technology interactions. Future studies should adopt cross-cultural, longitudinal designs and evaluate school- and community-based interventions that promote digital literacy, empathy, and protection of religious identity.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10865
Effects of syringic acid on the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model in rats: in vivo and in silico study
ATASEVER, Aslıhan; ÇELEBİ, Fikret; YILDIRIM, Serkan; BOLAT, İsmail; ÇINAR, Burak
In this study, the potential protective effects of syringic acid (SA) on gastric tissue were investigated in an indomethacin (INDO)-induced gastric ulcer model. A total of 84 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups. In the in vivo experiments, rats were administered SA at doses of 5, 50, and 100 mg/kg and omeprazole (OMP) at a dose of 5 mg/kg intragastrically (i.g.) for 14 days, and indomethacin (100 mg/kg, i.g.) was administered on the final day. Following INDO administration, the rats were sacrificed under anesthesia, and gastric tissues were carefully excised for further analyses. The collected gastric tissues were subjected to biochemical, histopathological, and immunofluorescence analyses. In addition, in silico analyses were performed to support the INDO-induced gastric ulcer model. Using the licensed Schrödinger Maestro 2025/1 software, the binding properties of INDO to the COX-1 receptor were evaluated through molecular docking, MM-GBSA, and pharmacophore matching analyses. INDO administration was associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and histopathological damage in gastric tissue. SA treatment appeared to alleviate INDO-induced gastric injury through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. SA treatment ameliorated histopathological alterations in ulcerated areas, particularly at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, whereas the 5 mg/kg dose did not show a significant protective effect. In addition, in silico analyses suggested that INDO may contribute to ulcer formation by inhibiting COX-1, thereby reducing prostaglandin production in the gastric mucosa. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that SA may reduce oxidative stress, suppress inflammatory responses, and inhibit apoptosis, thereby contributing to the protection of gastric tissue against INDO-induced injury. These results indicate that SA may have therapeutic potential for the prevention of NSAID-induced gastric injury; however, further experimental and clinical studies are needed to confirm these effects and clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10862
Multiparametric MRI in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Correlation with clinical classification and its potential role in diagnosis and management—A retrospective observational study
Aydin, Hale; Bozkurt, Cansu; Hayme, Serhat; Simsek, Gulcin Guler; Cavis, Tugba; Alp, Emre; Tasar, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Kerim Bora
Background Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM) is a rare, benign inflammatory breast disease with a variable clinical course. While recent clinical classifications provide guidance for management based on disease severity, objective imaging correlates remain limited. Purpose To assess the correlation between multiparametric breast MRI parameters and consensus based clinical types of IGM at presentation. Materials and methods This retrospective observational study included 40 patients with biopsy-proven IGM (age 18–45) who underwent multiparametric breast MRI. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, STIR (Short Tau Inversion Recovery) signal intensities, and enhancement patterns were analyzed according to clinical classification. In abscess-forming lesions, separate ADC measurements were obtained from necrotic cores and peripheral walls. Proton MR spectroscopy was performed in 22 patients with indeterminate findings. Statistical analyses included ANOVA with post hoc tests, chi-square, Spearman correlation, and inter-observer agreement using ICC and Cohen’s Kappa. Results STIR signal intensity and ADC values increased significantly from Type 1 to Type 4 disease (p < 0.001). The necrosis-to-wall ADC ratio showed a modest correlation with the consensus-based clinical types (r = 0.35, p = 0.036). MR spectroscopy revealed no significant metabolite differences, although borderline lactate elevation was observed in later clinical types (Types 3–4). Specifically, mean ADC values rose from 1.04 to 1.66 × 10⁻3 mm2/s, while mean STIR signal intensity increased from 154 to 300 a.u. across the clinical types (p < 0.001). Conclusion Clinical classification systems based on disease severity are increasingly emphasized to standardize the diagnosis and management of IGM. Multiparametric breast MRI provides noninvasive imaging correlates of the consensus-based clinical types (Types 1–4) at presentation. ADC values and STIR signal intensity appear to be promising quantitative imaging correlates of consensus-based clinical types at presentation, whereas enhancement patterns should be interpreted mainly as descriptive baseline findings. These findings support the use of multiparametric MRI as an adjunct for baseline characterization of IGM.
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ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10857
Herniarin mitigates inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in experimental serous otitis media via NRF2/HO-1 and NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathways
Kozan, Günay; Erbaş, Elif; Üstündağ, Hilal; Kara, Adem
Objective Serous otitis media (SOM) is a prevalent inflammatory condition of the middle ear. Herniarin (7-methoxycoumarin) is a coumarin derivative with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of herniarin against experimentally induced SOM in rats, focusing on the NRF2/HO-1 and NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathways. Methods Thirty six adult male Wistar rats were allocated into six groups (n = 6): Control, Herniarin 200 mg/kg, Otitis, Otitis + Herniarin 100 mg/kg, Otitis + Herniarin 200 mg/kg, and Otitis + Dexamethasone. SOM was induced by established experimental protocols, and treatments were administered for seven consecutive days. Serum cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18), oxidative stress markers (GSH, SOD, MDA), histopathology, RT-qPCR, and Western blot analyses were performed. Results Serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-18 were significantly elevated in the otitis group compared with controls (p < 0.0001) and were markedly attenuated by herniarin and dexamethasone. Herniarin restored depleted GSH and SOD levels while reducing elevated MDA concentrations. Histopathological examination demonstrated dose-dependent attenuation of inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage, and tympanic membrane damage. RT-qPCR showed that herniarin suppressed the upregulation of HO-1, NRF2, NF-κB, and Caspase-3 gene expression induced by otitis, while restoring Bcl-2 expression toward control levels. Western blot confirmed that herniarin reduced the expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and Caspase-3, and of NF-κB, while increasing Bcl-2 levels. Conclusion Herniarin exerts protective effects against experimental SOM by modulating the NRF2/HO-1 antioxidant defense system and suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation and apoptosis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for otitis media.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10856
Protective Role of Adenosine Triphosphate Against Tamoxifen-Induced Retinal Toxicity in a Rat Model
Karatas, Ezgi; Yavuzer, Bulent; Koksaldi, Seher; Kayabasi, Mustafa; Sezgin, Esra Tuba; Sarigul, Cengiz; Demir, Ozlem; Suleyman, Bahadir; Suleyman, Halis
Background and Objectives: Tamoxifen, a cornerstone selective estrogen receptor modulator in breast cancer therapy, is increasingly recognized to be associated with retinal toxicity characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative DNA injury. By targeting mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction and redox disequilibrium, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) emerges as a biologically plausible candidate for retinal cytoprotection. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of ATP against tamoxifen-induced retinal toxicity in a rat model. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: healthy control (HG), ATP-alone (ATPG, 4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), tamoxifen-alone (TAMG, 5 mg/kg, orally), and tamoxifen plus ATP-treated (ATAG; ATP, 4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally; tamoxifen, 5 mg/kg, orally). Treatments were administered once daily for 30 days. Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, total glutathione), antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase), and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine) were assessed in ocular tissues. Retinal histopathological evaluation included hematoxylin–eosin staining with semiquantitative assessment of edema, vascular congestion, polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, and cytoplasmic vacuolization, together with quantitative measurements of retinal layer thicknesses and ganglion cell layer (GCL) cell counts. Results: Tamoxifen administration induced marked oxidative stress, antioxidant depletion, and increased oxidative DNA damage in ocular tissues, accompanied by significant thickening of retinal layers, reduced GCL cell counts, and pronounced disruption of retinal architecture. By comparison, ATP co-administration significantly suppressed lipid peroxidation and restored antioxidant defenses, thereby reducing oxidative DNA damage and preserving retinal structural integrity, as reflected by partial normalization of retinal layer thicknesses, preservation of GCL cell counts, and the presence of only mild residual edema. Conclusions: These findings indicate that ATP attenuates tamoxifen-induced retinal toxicity by supporting mitochondrial energy balance and redox homeostasis. Accordingly, ATP administration may represent a promising protective approach for reducing retinal injury associated with long-term tamoxifen therapy.
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ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10851
Female Dorsal Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty: Implications for Urinary Continence and Sexual Function
Çubuk, Alkan; Çıtamak, Burak; Doğan, Çağrı; Başer, Aykut; Balaban, Muhsin; Çalışkan, Selahattin; Ozkaptan, Orkunt; Şahan, Ahmet
Introduction: Dorsal buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty (DBMGU) is an established surgical approach for female urethral stricture. However, its functional outcomes, particularly those related to sexual function, de novo urinary incontinence, and coital incontinence, have not been comprehensively evaluated. Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of DBMGU with respect to female sexual function, de novo urinary incontinence, and coital incontinence, in addition to overall surgical success. Methods: This prospective, nonrandomized cohort study included sexually active women who underwent DBMGU. Preoperative evaluation included uroflowmetry (UF) and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Operative data, including perioperative complications and postoperative pain measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on the first postoperative day, were recorded. At 6 months postoperatively, all patients underwent repeat UF and completed the FSFI, the 3 Incontinence Questions (3IQ) to assess de novo urinary incontinence, and the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) to assess subjective outcomes. Data regarding de novo coital incontinence were noted, and the need for any additional intervention due to recurrent urethral stricture was collected to determine the objective cure. Results: A total of 27 patients were included, with a median age of 42 years (range: 22–56) and a median follow-up period of 3 years (range: 6 months–6 years). Two patients had suprapubic cystostomy before surgery; the remaining 25 patients had a median preoperative Qmax of 6 mL/s (range: 2–10). The median operative time was 65 min (range: 45–90), and the median operative VAS score was 6 (range: 3–8). Two patients experienced Clavien–Dindo Grade II complications (one vaginitis and one severe urinary urgency), and one patient experienced a Clavien–Dindo Grade III complication due to bleeding at the graft harvest site, which was treated with bipolar cauterization. The median postoperative Qmax increased to 25 mL/s (range: 8–35). One patient required a single endoscopic dilatation for recurrence, resulting in an objective cure rate of 96.2%. One patient reported a PGI-I score of 5; the remaining 26 patients had a median PGI-I score of 2 (range: 1–2), corresponding to a subjective cure rate of 96.2%. All patients were continent according to the first item of the 3IQ, and no cases of de novo coital incontinence were reported. No statistically significant differences were observed between preoperative and postoperative total FSFI scores or most domain-specific subscores, except for a change in the desire domain (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty shows high objective and subjective cure rates in women with female urethral stricture disease (FUSD). Our findings suggest that this procedure does not significantly impair sexual function or cause de novo urinary incontinence.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10846
CBCT-based submandibular fossa depth classification and panoramic fractal dimension analysis in the posterior mandible
Ocak, Ali; Akyüz, Mehmet
Deep concavities of the submandibular fossa (SF) in the posterior mandible substantially increase the risk of lingual cortical plate perforation during implant placement. Although cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables accurate three-dimensional assessment of SF morphology, panoramic radiography remains the most commonly used initial imaging modality. We investigated whether trabecular bone texture on panoramic radiographs, quantified using fractal dimension (FD), is associated with CBCT-measured SF depth. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 133 patients with CBCT and panoramic radiographs obtained within 3 months were included. SF depth was classified as Type I (≤ 2 mm), Type II (2–3 mm), or Type III (> 3 mm). On the matching panoramic level, a 20 × 20-pixel cancellous region of interest was analyzed in ImageJ using box-counting FD. Group comparisons were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction; correlations were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (p < 0.05). A total of 229 hemimandible measurements were evaluated. Mean age was 41.96 ± 15.59 years; 57.1% were female. Mean SF depth was 1.845 ± 0.750 mm and mean FD was 1.0964 ± 0.0667. Median FD was 1.0747, 1.1324, and 1.1340 in Types I, II, and III, respectively (Kruskal–Wallis p = 4.45 × 10⁻⁵). FD was significantly higher in Types II and III versus Type I (p = 0.000514 and p = 0.00633), with no difference between Types II and III (p = 1.00). SF depth positively correlated with FD (Spearman rho = 0.4138, p = 6.95 × 10⁻¹¹). Panoramic FD values reflected CBCT-defined SF depth categories, with deeper concavities showing consistently higher trabecular texture complexity. These results suggest that SF anatomical variation is a previously unrecognized source of regional FD heterogeneity in the posterior mandible and should be considered when interpreting panoramic FD in this region. FD is not proposed as a substitute for CBCT, but as a complementary quantitative descriptor with implications for both surgical risk awareness and radiographic research methodology.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10845
Internal-locking intramedullary nails (talons, claws, wings, wedge-locks, endopins): a mechanics-guided scoping review of designs, failure signatures, and technique imperatives
Yapici, Furkan
BACKGROUND: "Internal-locking" concepts-deployable talons/claws and tanged anchors, winged/wedge-wing head elements, blade-expandable and wedge-locked distal modules, inside-to-out internal distal locking pins (endopins), and shape-memory (nitinol) wings-aim to streamline intramedullary (IM) fixation by reducing reliance on freehand distal interlocking screws while maintaining stability. METHODS: A scoping, mechanics-informed review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (January 1980-October 2025; last search October 25, 2025). Studies evaluating intramedullary systems with internal-locking mechanisms for the humeral shaft/diaphysis, hip (intertrochanteric, basicervical, or subtrochanteric), femoral shaft/distal femur, tibia, fibula, clavicle, and selected pelvic/foot indications were eligible. Bench/FEA, cadaveric, clinical (comparative and single-arm), technique, and health-economic reports were included. For human clinical studies, English-language full texts were eligible; during revision, non-English full texts with an English abstract and extractable outcome data were re-evaluated. Screening was performed by a single reviewer, and data were charted by anatomic pattern, key technique covariates (reduction quality, central-inferior head position, tip-apex distance [TAD]), outcomes, and complications. Sixty-three sources of evidence met eligibility criteria and were charted; details are compiled in Supplementary Table S1 (Master Evidence Table). The remaining 10 references are background/methodological or definitional citations-for example, foundational work informing technique covariates such as tip-apex distance (TAD) and calcar-referenced metrics (e.g., Calcar-TAD)-and therefore are not listed or appraised in the supplementary evidence tables. RESULTS: For the humeral shaft, internal distal-locking strategies reduce the distal-targeting burden of antegrade nailing and may shorten surgery while avoiding an additional distal incision, but outcomes remain strongly technique-dependent. Historical Seidel data and more recent humeral internal-locking series suggest that the main risks are rotational instability, technical locking failure, proximal hardware-related symptoms, and shoulder morbidity rather than the distal mechanism alone. Bench and cadaveric studies indicate that inferior subchondral deployment of talons increases torsional resistance (~ 2-3×) and interfragmentary compression (~ 2×) versus retracted configurations, providing a plausible basis for reduced lag-element sliding when TAD is 15-25 mm and the head element is central-inferior. Finite-element models suggest that wedge-locked constructs can approximate screw-locked axial/torsional stiffness when deployment torque and friction are adequate, albeit with stress concentrations near the locking windows. Clinically, in geriatric intertrochanteric fractures, union and functional outcomes are generally similar among talon-equipped, helical-blade, and dual-screw cephalomedullary nails when reduction/TAD are optimized; internal-locking designs are often associated with shorter operative and fluoroscopy times, and distal talon locking has been reported to be associated with lower cutout in unstable patterns. In femoral/tibial shafts, internal distal locking shortens procedures and radiation without consistent union penalties, although simple diaphyseal patterns distal to the isthmus show a greater risk of axial shortening/malrotation without adjuncts. In the fibula and clavicle, modern intramedullary systems achieve high union rates (~ 98-100%) with low wound morbidity; in benchtop/synthetic models, talon screws have reproduced plating-like axial stiffness while remaining torsionally inferior. Early health-economic signals suggest the potential cost-effectiveness of talon-locking constructs. CONCLUSIONS: Across indications, operative technique remains the dominant determinant of outcome; thoughtfully selected internal locking mechanisms can deliver efficiency and soft tissue advantages without compromising stability when fundamentals (reduction quality, central-inferior head position, TAD 15-25 mm) are respected. A practical taxonomy and decision framework are proposed, along with priorities for pattern-stratified comparative trials and engineering refinements.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10844
Folliculi sennae Extract: A Multifunctional Approach to Alzheimer’s and Diabetes
Guney, Turkan; Altin, Sevgi; Dikici, Emrah; Isik, Mesut; Koksal, Ekrem
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit overlapping molecular pathways characterized by oxidative imbalance and enzyme dysfunction. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the multifunctional potential of Folliculi sennae (F. sennae) ethanol extract as a natural therapeutic agent targeting these disorders. Phenolic profiling using LC–MS/MS revealed abundant bioactive compounds, including quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and gallic acid, with high linearity and reproducibility. The extract exhibited moderate antioxidant activity across DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC assays, highlighting its redox-modulating capacity. Importantly, enzyme inhibition assays demonstrated notable inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, IC50 = 10.34 µg/mL), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, IC50 = 7.72 µg/mL), and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 6.66 µg/mL), indicating potential neuroprotective and antidiabetic effects. These findings suggest that F. sennae orchestrates a synergistic interplay between antioxidant defense and targeted enzymatic inhibition, positioning it as a promising multitarget natural candidate for managing oxidative stress–linked neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. The study lays the biochemical groundwork for future translational research exploring F. sennae as a safe, plant-based therapeutic intervention.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10837
Modified mRNA Encoding the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Confers Robust Protection Against Lethal Challenge in Mice
Keskin, Sercan; Pavel, Shaikh Terkis Islam; Sak, Rabia; Bahadori, Fatemeh; Aslan, Ahmet Furkan; Aktaş, Münir; Karakeçili, Faruk; Kalkan, Ahmet; Özdarendeli, Aykut; Doymaz, Mehmet Ziya
The Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (Orthonairovirus haemorrhagiae) causes a hemorrhagic fever with mortality rates reaching up to 40%. For years, this virus has maintained its position among the top priority pathogens identified by the World Health Organization (WHO). This is due to its endemic presence across a vast region—from Africa and Spain to the Balkans, the Middle East, and throughout Asia—its potential for human-to-human transmission, and the lack of an effective and approved vaccine or treatment. Therefore, the development of an effective vaccine against CCHFV is of critical importance. Building on the success of mRNA-based vaccines during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, this study reports the development of a messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine candidate expressing the nucleocapsid protein (NP) of CCHFV. The CCHFV NP in vitro transcript (IVT) was designed with pseudouridine (Ψ) nucleoside modification. As part of the preclinical characterization of the IVT vaccine candidate, the biochemical and immunological properties of NP were confirmed in Huh-7 cells transfected with IVT NP-ΨmRNA. Afterwards, the efficacy of IVT NP-ΨmRNA immunization was evaluated in immunocompetent BALB/c and transiently immunosuppressed (IS) C57BL/6 mice. In CCHFV challenge studies, IS C57BL/6 mice were used. IS C57BL/6 mice were immunized intramuscularly with 2 doses of IVT NP- ΨmRNA, either naked or encapsulated in Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles, administered 14 days apart. High levels of CCHFV NP-specific humoral (IgM and IgG) and cellular (cytokine and lymphoproliferative) responses were demonstrated in BALB/c mice immunized with IVT NP- ΨmRNA. In challenge experiments, 100% survival was observed with both the naked and PLGA-encapsulated IVT NP-ΨmRNA immunizations. These findings demonstrate 100% survival following lethal CCHFV challenge under the experimental conditions tested in this mouse model and support the potential of NP-encoding pseudouridine-modified mRNA vaccines. Additionally, 100% survival was observed in mice immunized with inactivated CCHFV, whereas only 20% survival was detected in the unmodified IVT NP-mRNA vaccinated animals. In the protected mice, viral clearance was observed in the spleen, liver tissues, and blood on day 14 post-challenge. This study demonstrates that NP, the most abundant protein of the virus, is capable of providing significant survival benefits in the tested mouse model. Furthermore, our report represents a significant step in identifying a potential vaccine candidate and provides a solid foundation for further preclinical studies necessary to support future clinical development.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10834
Metabolite Profiling of Lavender (Lavandula pedunculata subsp. cariensis) Essential Oil and Investigation of Its Potential Antioxidant and Enzyme-Inhibitory Effects
Karageçili, Hasan; Özden, Eda Mehtap; Mutlu, Muzaffer; Bingöl, Zeynebe; Akıncıoğlu, Hülya; Köksal, Ekrem; Gören, Ahmet Ceyhan; Gülçin, İlhami
Background/Objectives: Lavandula cariensis species is cultivated uncommonly in the western region of Turkey. The colloquial appellations avayianos, karabasi, and myra are used to refer to the L. cariensis plant. The essential oil of L. cariensis was studied for its potential antiglaucoma, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects. Methods: The inhibitory effect of the essential oil of L. cariensis on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), and α-amylase enzymes was determined. Therefore, chemical profiles of L. cariensis’ essential oil were identified using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and as Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID) analyses. Results: Camphor (39.73%), fenchone (19.49%), exobornyl acetate (6.81%), camphene (5.49%), and eucalyptol (5.49%) were the most abundant compounds in L. cariensis essential oil. Radical scavenging effect of the essential oil of L. cariensis was examined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50: 231.0 ± 0.094 μg/mL) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) (IC50: 7.45 ± 0.013 μg/mL) radicals. Also, the ferric ions (Fe3+), cupric ions (Cu2+), and Fe3+-2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) complex reducing capabilities were studied. Additionally, essential oil of L. cariensis indicated a comparable level of inhibition towards hCA II (IC50: 276.42 μg/mL), AChE (IC50: 14.22 μg/mL), and α-amylase (IC50: 475.63 μg/mL) enzymes. Conclusions: The evaluation of the antioxidant capabilities and enzyme inhibition profiling of the essential oil of L. cariensis will be made possible by this comprehensive study, which serves as a springboard for further research. The essential oil of L. cariensis demonstrated enzyme-inhibitory activities against target enzymes associated with Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, and glaucoma. Also, this study’s in vitro inhibition suggests promising prospects.
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ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10832
Astaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids enhance endometrial receptivity in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome
Bal Taştan, Tuğba; Selli, Jale; Toktay, Erdem; Üstündağ, Hilal; Ugan, Rüstem Anıl
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) adversely affects endometrial receptivity and fertility outcomes. This study investigated whether combining high-dose antioxidants (astaxanthin or omega-3 fatty acids) with metformin improves endometrial receptivity markers, reduces oxidative stress, and normalizes hormone profiles in a PCOS rat model compared to metformin alone or no treatment. Fifty-six female Sprague–Dawley rats (200-250g) were divided into seven groups: Control, PCOS, PCOS + Met, and groups receiving metformin plus either astaxanthin (PCOS + Met + AX5 or PCOS + Met + AX10) or omega-3 (PCOS + Met + OMG400 or PCOS + Met + OMG1000). PCOS was induced using letrozole for 21 days, followed by one week of treatment. After establishing endometrial receptivity, uterine tissues were analyzed histopathologically, immunohistochemically, and biochemically on day 5. The PCOS group demonstrated significant increases in body weight and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde) compared to controls (p < 0.001). High-dose antioxidant supplementation (PCOS + Met + AX10 and PCOS + Met + OMG1000) significantly improved these parameters (p < 0.001). Immunohistochemically, integrin β3 expression increased while mucin 1 (MUC-1) decreased in high-dose groups compared to PCOS (p < 0.001). The LH:FSH ratio normalized to control levels in PCOS + Met + AX10 and PCOS + Met + OMG1000 groups. Histological examination revealed enhanced endometrial morphology and increased pinopode-like structure formation in antioxidant-supplemented groups. High-dose astaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, combined with metformin, may enhance endometrial receptivity in PCOS by reducing oxidative stress and modulating key implantation markers. This therapeutic approach could potentially improve fertility outcomes in women with PCOS.
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ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10831
Ensuring pharmaceutical safety: Highthroughput LC-MS/MS method for plastic additive detection
Demircioğlu, İbrahim Hakkı; Dalkılıç, Oğuzhan; Çelik, Saffet; Akman, Tugrul Cagri; Kılıç, Hamdullah; Kandemir, Levent; Atila, Alptuğ
Extractables and Leachables studies require highly reliable and sensitive analytical methods to ensure pharmaceutical product safety. Plastic additives are widely used during production to improve the physicochemical properties of polymeric products. However, these additives may constitute a potential toxicological risk by contaminating active pharmaceutical ingredients and pharmaceutical preparations. In this study, a short-term, sensitive, accurate, and reliable LC-MS/MS method was developed for the analysis of 15 plastic additives defined in the European Pharmacopoeia and validated in accordance with the ICH Q2(R2) guideline. An electrospray ionization source was used for the analyses in both negative and positive modes. Chromatographic separation was carried out using a reverse-phase phenyl C18 column and a mixture of methanol and ultrapure water containing 5 mM ammonium acetate as the mobile phase by the gradient elution method. As a result of method optimization, the flow rate and total analysis time were determined to be 0.7 mL/min and 15 min, respectively. Diphenyl phthalate was chosen as the internal standard. The LLOQ values of plastic additives were generally determined as 50 ng/mL (150 ng/mL for oleamide). The reliability of the method was verified by intraday/interday precision and accuracy analyses. Both extractable and leachable studies were performed using the developed method. It was effectively used to detect plastic additive contamination in pharmaceutical products such as bromobutyl stoppers, LDPE containers, disposable eye drop packaging, and polypropylene bags. The developed LC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations containing 1.4% polyvinyl alcohol and 0.6% povidone, sodium hyaluronate, salbutamol sulfate, and 0.9% isotonic sodium chloride.
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ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10830
The Effect of Microbiota and Evaluation of Released Cytokines in Schizophrenia Patients
Celebi, Demet; Celebi, Ozgur; Baser, Sumeyye; Ozcan, Halil; Taghızadehghalehjoughı, Ali; Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet
Bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the brain has been increasingly recognized, with growing evidence suggesting its relevance in schizophrenia. Altered microbiota composition may contribute to gastrointestinal barrier disruption, immune activation, and metabolic dysfunction. Given the multifactorial etiology of schizophrenia involving genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, microbiota-related mechanisms may represent an important pathway in disease development. This prospective, controlled study investigated gut microbiota composition and systemic inflammatory markers in schizophrenia patients. Blood and stool samples were obtained from 14 patients with schizophrenia and 6 matched healthy controls. Microbiota profiles were determined through 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, while serum levels of Claudin-1, Occludin, E-cadherin, Zonulin, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were analyzed using ELISA. Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the predominant phyla in both groups. However, alpha diversity (Shannon index, p < 0.05) and beta diversity (Permanova, p < 0.01) analyses showed significant differences between patients and controls. ELISA results demonstrated significantly elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, Claudin-1, and E-cadherin (all p < 0.05) in patients, whereas Occludin was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) and Zonulin levels were unexpectedly lower compared to controls. Results indicate significant gut dysbiosis and heightened systemic inflammation in schizophrenia patients. This interplay between microbial composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammatory processes may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disorder. Further studies with larger cohorts, including antipsychotic-naïve first-episode patients, are warranted to clarify causality and evaluate microbiota-targeted interventions as potential therapeutic strategies.
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ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10828
Variant-specific contributions of CYP21A2 and CYP11B1 to the clinical and hormonal heterogeneity of polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome phenotypes
Polat, Seher; Simsek, Yasin
Background: Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS) formerly known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), characterized by hyperandrogenism, affects approximately 7.1–15.1% of women of reproductive age. While disease-causing CYP21A2 and CYP11B1 variants are well-studied, the contribution of synonymous variants to clinical and hormonal variations remains unclear. This study investigated whether synonymous and non-synonymous variants associated with phenotypic heterogeneity. Methods and results: A total of 275 premenopausal women (110 PMOS women and 165 healthy controls) underwent comprehensive clinical-biochemical evaluation. All exons and exon–intron boundaries of CYP21A2 and CYP11B1 were analyzed using direct sequencing. Genotype–phenotype associations were evaluated using non-parametric statistical tests and genetic model–based logistic regression analyses. Genotype and allele frequencies were similar between PMOS patients and controls; however, several variants showed distinct genotype–phenotype associations. Following false-discovery rate correction within predefined biological blocks, p.Val282Leu and non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH)-related CYP21A2 variants remained significantly associated with elevated adrenocorticotropic-hormone(ACTH), while combined p.Leu9_Leu10insLeu/p.Arg103Lys/p.Ser269Thr/ p.Ser494Asn variants was linked to reduced ACTH. Carriers of NCAH-associated CYP21A2 allele exhibited significantly reduced sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and higher modified Ferriman-Gallwey(FGS) levels. CYP21A2 synonymous p.Leu40=/p.Pro46 = variant associated with lower BMI. Additionally, combined CYP11B1 p.Leu75=/p.Asp82 = genotype remained significantly associated with reduced SHBG, while p.Arg43Gln/p.Ala386Val was associated with reduced FGS. Conclusion: The findings underscore the variant-specific and cumulative impact of CYP21A2 and CYP11B1 alterations on the adrenal axis and systemic androgen bioavailability. These results suggest that synonymous variants may actively modulate hormonal and clinical traits, contributing to the inter-individual variability of PMOS-related phenotypes independently of overt PMOS risk.
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ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/10825
Synergistic effects of luteolin and Lactobacillus rhamnosus on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibition: in vitro and in silico molecular deployment studies
Baser, Sumeyye; Celebi, Demet; Celebi, Ozgur; Kara, Adem; Turkes, Cuneyt
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains one of the leading causes of healthcare-associated infections due to its remarkable biofilm-forming ability and multidrug resistance, highlighting the urgent need for alternative antimicrobial strategies. The present study investigated the antibacterial, antibiofilm, antivirulence, and cytotoxic effects of luteolin alone and in combination with Lactobacillus rhamnosus bacterial suspension natant against MRSA. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), disk diffusion, and fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) assays. Biofilm inhibition was quantified using the crystal violet method, while the expression levels of biofilm-associated genes (icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD, clfA, clfB, fnbA, and fnbB) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate the interaction between luteolin and S. aureus Sortase A (SrtA), and the cytotoxic potential of the treatments was evaluated in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells using the WST-8 assay. Luteolin exhibited MIC and MBC values of 128 and 256 µg/mL, respectively, whereas L. rhamnosus bacterial suspension natant also demonstrated antibacterial activity against MRSA. Combination treatment significantly increased the inhibition zone diameter and produced a synergistic interaction with an FIC index of 0.50. Moreover, the combination inhibited biofilm formation by approximately 75%, markedly exceeding the inhibitory effects of either treatment alone. Gene expression analysis revealed dose-dependent modulation of several biofilm-associated genes, particularly suppression of fnbA, suggesting interference with bacterial adhesion mechanisms. Molecular docking demonstrated favorable binding of luteolin to the active site of Sortase A with a predicted binding energy of − 9.220 kcal/mol, supporting its potential antivirulence mechanism. No significant cytotoxicity was observed in HDF cells within the tested concentration range. Collectively, these results demonstrate that luteolin combined with L. rhamnosus bacterial suspension natant represents a promising natural therapeutic strategy for controlling MRSA infections by simultaneously targeting bacterial growth, biofilm formation, and virulence while maintaining acceptable biocompatibility.
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