Araştırmacılar(9)

• Askan, Gökhan
• Colak, Suat
• Duraklı, Zafer
• Keleş Güner, Eda
• Kilickaya, Fatma Yilmaz
• Koçak, ömer
• Oruç, Abdurrahman
• Özdemir, Cihad
• Sarıgöl, Metin

• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/19265
  Design of an Endemic and Native Plant Collection Garden Based on the Integration of Conservation, Propagation, and Exhibition Functions: The Case of Erzincan Horticultural Research Institute

  Aslay, Meral; Gökhan, Askan

  Global biodiversity loss requires integrated ecological conservation and sustainable management approaches. Endemic taxa with restricted distributions and specialized ecological requirements are particularly vulnerable, necessitating both in situ and ex situ conservation strategies. This study presents the design of a native and endemic plant collection garden proposed for the Erzincan Horticultural Research Institute campus, developed through a conservation–propagation–exhibition integration model within a systematic spatial planning framework. The research followed a multi-stage methodology: (i) establishing a literature-based conceptual framework, (ii) conducting ecological analyses of climate, topography, and soil, (iii) applying multi-criteria species selection, and (iv) implementing computer-aided spatial design. Inventory results identified 48 plant taxa, including 19 endemic to Türkiye, with a dominance of geophytes, particularly species from the genus Fritillaria. The garden was structured through functional zoning, incorporating conservation, propagation, exhibition, education, and controlled sales units, aligned with ecological suitability and institutional sustainability. The findings indicate that such collection gardens serve not only as ex situ conservation sites but also as research infrastructures, genetic resource management platforms, and multifunctional landscapes that contribute to biodiversity conservation and regional development.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/19016
  Evaluation of Diyarbakır Urban Parks within the Framework of Biodiversity- Friendly Criteria in the Context of Resilient and Sustainable Cities

  Yılmaz, Hasan; Çelik, Medine; Gökhan, Askan

  Objective: This study evaluates six urban parks in the city center of Diyarbakır within the framework of resilient and sustainable urban development using Biodiversity-Friendly criteria. Species richness, distribution evenness, proportions of native and fruit-bearing species, and ecosystem components were analyzed to determine biodiversity levels and Biodiversity-Friendly performance. Materials and Methods: The study covered 15 Temmuz Şehitler Parkı (July 15 Martyrs Park, KP1), Park 75 (Park 75, KP2), Kardeşlik Parkı (Brotherhood Park, KP3), Kent Meydanı (City Square, KP4), Sümer Parkı (Sumer Park, KP5), and Tema Parkı (Tema Park, KP6). Plant species were identified through field surveys, individual counts were conducted, and naturalness status was determined. Species diversity was calculated using the Shannon–Wiener (H′) and Simpson (1–λ) indices via BİÇEB software. Parks were also evaluated using the Biodiversity-Friendly Index, consisting of 10 main and 65 sub-criteria, and comparatively assessed. Results: A total of 173,343 plant individuals were recorded. The highest diversity values were found in KP6 (H′ = 2.93; 1–λ = 0.939) and the lowest in KP3 (H′ = 1.87; 1–λ = 0.796), while evenness was highest in KP5. Biodiversity-Friendly Index scores classified KP6 (85) and KP4 (83) as high-level, KP1 (77) as good, and KP2 (72), KP3 (69), and KP5 (71) as insufficient in mandatory criteria. Native species exceeded 10% in all parks. Conclusion: Biodiversity-friendly suitability depends not only on species richness but also on species evenness, the proportion of native and fruit- bearing species, permeable surfaces, ecological connectivity, and sustainable management approaches. Considering Diyarbakır’s semi-arid climatic conditions, high summer temperatures, and rapid urbanization pressure, the use of native and drought-tolerant species together with the development of permeable and ecologically connected green infrastructure systems is of critical importance. The findings provide a scientific basis for ecosystem-based and climate-sensitive urban park planning in Diyarbakır.

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• ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10511
  A New Paradigm in Flood Management: Hydrological, Hydraulic, and Deep Learning Methods for Flood Routing

  Sarıgöl, Metin; Katipoğlu, Okan Mert; Aktürk, Gaye

  Flood routing is essential for water resources management and flood mitigation, yet traditional methods often struggle to represent complex hydraulic processes and rapidly changing flow conditions. In this study, hydrological models (Muskingum and SCS), hydraulic methods (Kinematic Wave, Muskingum–Cunge, and Dynamic Wave), and deep learning (DL) algorithms (Autoencoder, Deep Neural Network (DNN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)) were applied to predict flood routing. Model performance was evaluated using several statistical indicators, including RMSE, AIC, MAE, KGE, NSE, R², Pbias, and MBE. The results showed that the Autoencoder model provided the best predictive performance (RMSE: 0.30, MAE: 0.17, NSE: 0.97, R²: 0.99), while the RNN model produced the weakest results. Other DL models, particularly DNN, CNN, and LSTM, also demonstrated strong predictive capability. Among the hydraulic approaches, the Kinematic Wave method yielded the most accurate results, whereas the SCS model showed the best performance among hydrological routing methods. Overall, the findings indicate that DL models generally outperform classical routing approaches in flood prediction, with the Autoencoder architecture emerging as the most effective model under the conditions of the present study.

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• ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10476
  Ecological and environmental assessment of Erzincan Districts within the scope of the biodiversity-friendly city approach

  Askan, Gökhan; Yilmaz, Hasan

  This study was conducted between 2022 and 2024 to develop strategies for the inventory, conservation, and sustainable management of biological diversity in urban areas of Erzincan province, encompassing six districts and one town. It also seeks to promote the use of natural plant species to create climate-resilient urban ecosystems. Field surveys, drone imaging, and plant species identification were conducted across 70 open green spaces. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index and Simpson diversity index, together with the Biodiversity-Friendly City Criteria, were applied to the Erzincan case. A total of 105 plant taxa, including 36,799 individuals, were identified, with 56% being natural and 44% exotic. Kemaliye had the highest species diversity index and while Çayirli had the lowest. The plants consisted of 54% edible-leaf broadleaf trees, 19% conifers, and the remaining being edible shrubs, small trees, and vines. Biodiversity assessments revealed that Kemaliye had the highest diversity index, and Çayirli the lowest. Districts were analyzed using the “Bio-friendly Settlement” criteria, with all districts, including Çağlayan, Çayirli, Kemah, Kemaliye, Refahiye, Tercan, and Üzümlü, showing high biodiversity characteristics. The average Bio-friendly score for the districts was 90.7 points. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index indicated that Kemaliye exhibited the highest biodiversity with a high evenness value (E = 0.896), whereas Çayirli showed the lowest diversity; this pattern was consistently supported by the Simpson diversity index results. In conclusion, the study stresses the importance of implementing conservation measures to enhance ecological sustainability in Erzincan, which also holds significant potential for agricultural landscapes and tourism. The high Bio-friendly scores of these districts underscore the need for strategies supporting ecological balance and biodiversity preservation.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/10454
  Measuring Perceived Social Support After Disaster: Development and Validation of the Perceived Social Support in Disasters Scale (PSSDS-28)

  Oruç, Abdurrahman; Cengiz, Ekrem

  Background/Objectives: Measuring perceived social support after disaster remains an unresolved psychometric problem. Most instruments do not jointly capture the source of support (from whom it comes) and its function (how it operates). None has been validated in a disaster-survivor sample with retrospectively framed items. We developed and validated the Perceived Social Support in Disasters Scale (PSSDS-28), a 28-item measure integrating both dimensions. Methods: In Phase 1, a PRISMA 2020-guided systematic review; a two-round Delphi with eight experts, cognitive interviews (n = 12); and a pilot study (N = 150) produced a 31-item form. In Phase 2, face-to-face data were collected from 607 adults affected by the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes (Türkiye). Multiple analytic frameworks converged on a five-factor, 28-item structure comprising family–relative, social environment, institutional, emotional, and instrumental–informational support. Results: The correlated five-factor model fit the independent validation sample well (CFI = 0.954, RMSEA = 0.076, and SRMR = 0.072) and outperformed a one-factor alternative (ΔCFI = 0.222). Blocks showed strong internal consistency (ordinal α = 0.852–0.949), composite reliability (0.865–0.950), and adequate test–retest stability (ICC = 0.542–0.909). Scalar measurement invariance held across six groupings, with no meaningful differential item functioning. Convergent and discriminant evidence supported construct validity, and common-method variance was negligible. Institutional (M = 3.29) and instrumental–informational support (M = 2.99) scored lowest—a profile a global score would conceal. Conclusions: The PSSDS-28 provides promising initial psychometric evidence for a multidimensional post-disaster assessment instrument situated at the perceived–received interface, a target that general-purpose scales are not designed to capture. Criterion-related validity, cross-cultural validity, and cross-disaster replicability remain to be demonstrated.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/10226
  Understanding Justice at Work: The Interplay of Social Comparison and Psychological Contract in the Healthcare Industry

  Ak, Murat; Turkmenoglu, Mehmet Ali; Uysal, Hasan Tezcan; Kilickaya, Fatma Yilmaz; Bilgic, Emrah

  The healthcare sector is characterized by high stress, irregular working conditions, and continuous performance pressure, which increase employees’ sensitivity to workplace fairness and peer evaluation. Within this context, the way employees compare themselves to other colleagues and how employees interpret their psychological contracts with their employers become worth examining. Drawing on Equity Theory and Social Exchange Theory, our study aims to examine how social comparison affects healthcare employees’ perceptions of organizational justice and to reveal the mediating role of the psychological contract in this relationship. Data were collected from 364 healthcare employees in Türkiye. Validity, reliability, and correlation analyses were conducted, and a structural equation model was established based on the collected data. The results indicate that social comparison has a positive effect on both organizational justice and the psychological contract, and the psychological contract also positively affects organizational justice. Accordingly, the psychological contract partially mediates the relationship between social comparison and organizational justice. Hence, our study extends the extant literature by identifying the psychological contract as a mediating cognitive mechanism linking social comparison and justice perceptions. Practical implications are offered to healthcare managers and organizations to promote fairness and engagement among staff.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2025/r/ebyu/12215
  BIO-FRIENDLY EDUCATIONAL CAMPUSES – EXAMPLE OF ERZİNCAN CITY IN TURKIYE

  Askan, G.; Yilmaz, H.

  This study emphasizes outcomes such as the identification of biodiversity in urban areas within Türkiye, the development of strategies to ensure its continuity, the enhancement of resilience against climate change by utilizing natural species in terms of plant material, the effective utilization of resource values, and the creation of awareness at local, national, and international scales. Totally, 10 different educational areas were surveyed, counting 13,323 plants comprising 80 different species, of which 35 are part of the natural flora. In particular, we promote biodiversity in cities by encouraging the planting of more native trees and the use of a greater variety of species that can attract wildlife. Among the identified plants, there are 1,043 edible tree species, 1,871 broadleaf species, 2,393 coniferous species, 828 other ornamental plants, shrubs, and bush types totaling 7,126, and 62 climbing plant species. In these areas, plant species diagnostics, naturalness status, and analyses of edible trees and fruit-bearing plants were conducted. Analyses were also performed according to the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index, and Biyodost Educational Campus Index for each area. We recommend considering a design concept that caters not only to humans but also appeals to all living beings for completed and planned educational areas. New concepts such as Bıo-Frıendly Educatıonal Area require collaboration across different disciplines in this field. Academic circles should begin to take the lead in developing and implementing this concept. The collaborative work of these disciplines will contribute to the development of innovative approaches in the design, management, and sustainability of bio-friendly areas.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2025/r/ebyu/11947
  Advanced Soft Computing Techniques for Monthly Streamflow Prediction in Seasonal Rivers

  Achite, Mohammed; Katipoğlu, Okan Mert; Kartal, Veysi; Sarıgöl, Metin; Jehanzaib, Muhammad; Gül, Enes

  The rising incidence of droughts in specific global regions in recent years, primarily attributed to global warming, has markedly increased the demand for reliable and accurate streamflow estimation. Streamflow estimation is essential for the effective management and utilization of water resources, as well as for the design of hydraulic infrastructure. Furthermore, research on streamflow estimation has gained heightened importance because water is essential not only for the survival of all living organisms but also for determining the quality of life on Earth. In this study, advanced soft computing techniques, including long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural network–recurrent neural network (CNN-RNN), and group method of data handling (GMDH) algorithms, were employed to forecast monthly streamflow time series at two different stations in the Wadi Mina basin. The performance of each technique was evaluated using statistical criteria such as mean square error (MSE), mean bias error (MBE), mean absolute error (MAE), and the correlation coefficient (R). The results of this study demonstrated that the GMDH algorithm produced the most accurate forecasts at the Sidi AEK Djillali station, with metrics of MSE: 0.132, MAE: 0.185, MBE: −0.008, and R: 0.636. Similarly, the CNN-RNN algorithm achieved the best performance at the Kef Mehboula station, with metrics of MSE: 0.298, MAE: 0.335, MBE: −0.018, and R: 0.597.

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• ArticleYalnız künye2025/r/ebyu/11922
  Adsorption of reactive red 2 from aqueous solutions by microwave activated carbon from Thuja Plicata cone powder: kinetic, isotherm, thermodynamic studies and characterisation

  Ertugay, Neşe; Keleş Güner, Eda

  This study investigates, for the first time, the potential of Thuja plicata (TP) cone-derived activated carbon for the removal of the azo dye Reactive Red 2 (RR2) from aqueous solutions. Activated carbon was produced via microwave irradiation to enhance the adsorption capacity of the raw material. The prepared activated carbon (TPAC), synthesised using a chemical activating agent, was characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM analysis demonstrated that TPAC exhibited increased surface porosity and an irregular morphology after adsorption at the optimal pH. EDX results confirmed that carbon and oxygen were the dominant elements, with elevated contents post-activation. BET analysis indicated a decrease in the specific surface area from 66.64 to 20.35 m2 g−1 after RR2 adsorption, likely due to pore blockage. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of several parameters, including solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, and temperature. The maximum removal efficiency (54%) was achieved at pH 3 with an adsorbent dosage of 0.01 g. The adsorption capacity increased with rising dye concentration, reaching a maximum of 309.56 mg g−1 at 60 mg L−1. Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamic properties were also evaluated. The Freundlich isotherm model exhibited the best fit to the equilibrium data, indicating multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. Kinetic data were best described by the pseudo-second-order model, suggesting that chemisorption was the rate-limiting step. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the adsorption of RR2 onto TPAC was a spontaneous and exothermic process.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2025/r/ebyu/11489
  High-Frequency Oscillations in Self-Limited Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: Potential Predictors of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?

  Kart, Pinar Ozkan; Özdemir, Cihad; Kayikcioglu, Temel; Cansu, Ali

  Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the possible effect of HFOs detected in children with SeLECTS, who have rolandic spikes with or without ADHD, in predicting cognitive comorbidities with the fully automatic ripple detector program we developed. Methods: A total of 40 patients diagnosed with SeLECTS with at least a 1-year follow-up were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: those diagnosed with SeLECTS only and those diagnosed with SeLECTS+ADHD. For ripple detection, EEG data recorded for at least 10 min during non-REM stage 2 sleep with a sampling frequency of 2000 Hz was analysed in the MATLAB environment. After the data in each channel was filtered at 80–200 Hz, ripple detection was made with the fully automatically developed ripple detector program. Results: At least one ripple was detected in 29 of 40 patients (72.5%). The total number of spikes in both groups had a mean of 1435.8 ± 1626.9 (5–6183). The number of spikes in the rolandic region was found to be statistically significantly higher in the SeLECTS+ADHD group (p = 0.042). The total number of ripples in both groups was the mean: 9.5 ± 26.5 (0–158). The highest ripples count was detected in a patient in the SeLECTS+ADHD group; 158 ripples were counted, and the ripple distribution was found to be 33 ripples in the centrotemporal region and 125 ripples in the frontal region. The ripple of number (p = 0.009) and ripple ratio in the ‘Fz-Cz’ electrode were found to be statistically significantly higher in the SeLECTS + ADHD group (p = 0.009, p = 0.019, respectively). Significance: Our study showed that the presence of interictal scalp HFOs has the effect of predicting neurocognitive comorbidities. We think that ripple analysis with the can be used as a potential biomarker to predict neurocognitive comorbidities.

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