Araştırmacılar(8)

• Altyn, Kader
• Dogan, Duygu Mete
• Inan, Kenan
• Isabaeva, Nazgul A.
• Kemurju, Elif
• Keskin, Yusuf Ziya
• Konuk, Süha
• Sahin, Nadide

• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/18349
  Α Καισαρ without a Βασιλενς: TIBERIUS II CONSTANTINE'S EASTERN POLICY BETWEEN 574-578 CE

  Konuk, Suha

  The peace treaty concluded in 562 between Emperor Justinian I and the Sasanian ruler Khosrow I was broken in 572 by Justin II(565-578). The war, launched with considerable expectations, turned into a grave disaster for Byzantium with the loss of the strategic frontier city of Dara in 573. Following these developments, Justin II's mental health deteriorated completely, rendering him entirely incapable of governing. The Caesar Tiberius effectively assumed power in the shadow of Empress Sophia and ruled the empire with the title of Caesar until Justin's death in 578. The failure of Byzantium's siege of Nisibis in spring 573, and moreover the loss of Dara, compelled Byzantium to seek an urgent truce with the Sasanians. During this period, Tiberius aimed to maintain peace at any cost until a new army could be established. However, the appointment of Maurice as magister militum per Orientem in 578 marked a decisive turning point in this defensive doctrine, enabling Byzantium to regain the initiative on the eastern front. This article focuses on how Tiberius II managed the Sasanian war during the four years he governed the empire with the title of Caesar.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/19241
  Mazatek Velada’da Kutsal Zaman ve Mekânın Ritüel İnşası

  Şahin, Nadide

  Bu makalede, Psilosibin mantarlarının tüketimi etrafında örülen velada’da kutsal zaman ve kutsal mekânın nasıl üretildiği ve sürdürüldüğü teorik tartışmalar bağlamında incelenmektedir. Bu amaçla velada’ya ilişkin kaynaklar, karşılaştırmalı–yorumlayıcı bir yaklaşımla Turner’ın liminalite modeli, Douglas’ın saflık/tehlike analizi ile Geertz’in sembolik antropolojisi eşliğinde yeniden değerlendirilmektedir. Analiz, gece boyunca ilerleyen ritüel akışının ayrılma–liminalite–yeniden katılım dizisiyle gündelik zamansallığı askıya alan bir “öte-zaman zarfı” kurduğunu; duyusal disiplin ve mekânsal izolasyonun bir “eşik yönetimi” olarak bedensel ve sosyal sınırları düzenlediğini; ev içi sunağın ise kozmolojik düzeni temsil eden ve katılımcıların dikkatini yönlendiren yoğunlaştırılmış bir sembol merkezi olarak işlev gördüğünü göstermektedir. Böylece velada, yalnızca vizyoner deneyim yahut değişmiş bilinç durumlarının bir bağlamı olarak değil, şifa, kehanet ve ahlaki onarım işlevleriyle iç içe geçmiş, kutsal zaman ile kutsal mekânın birlikte kurulduğu bir ritüel düzen olarak kavramsallaştırılmaktadır. Arşivsel kaynaklarla sınırlı olan çalışmamızda güncel dönüşümlere dair betimleyici iddiadan kaçınılmakta; fakat enteojenik ritüellerin süreç, sınır ve semiyotik örgütlenme kategorileriyle analiz edilebileceğine dair aktarılabilir bir kuramsal öneri sunulmaktadır.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/ebyu/17952
  The Unhealed Wound: The Sexual Abuse Crisis in the Roman Catholic Church (A Historical and Institutional Analysis)

  Dogan, Duygu Mete

  This article aims to reveal why the crisis of child sexual abuse perpetrated by clergy within the Roman Catholic Church remains an unresolved structural problem, examining its historical and institutional dimensions. Throughout the Church's history, sexual abuse has long been framed as individual sin, moral decay, or infidelity to a vow of celibacy. This approach has delayed public justice for abusers and led to the systematic invisibility of victims. In particular, the principle of secrecy, hierarchical closure, and concerns about institutional reputation have caused abuse cases to remain within internal disciplinary mechanisms for many years. Documents uncovered by the Boston Globe's Spotlight team in the early 21st century demonstrated that abuse was not an isolated or local anomaly; rather, it was a global crisis linked to the Church's hierarchical structure, culture of secrecy, and institutional reflexes. These revelations profoundly questioned the moral authority and social legitimacy of the Catholic Church, bringing the discussion of sexual abuse back to the forefront in a holistic manner across theological, legal, and institutional levels. This study examines how the Church's historically adopted culture of secrecy, hierarchical closure, and prioritization of institutional reputation have systematically hindered the development of victim-centered crisis management. The research relies on document analysis techniques within a qualitative methodology. In this context, papal letters and speeches, canonical legal texts, council decisions, independent investigative reports, and academic literature have been critically examined. The study primarily analyzes the structural and institutional factors that perpetuate abuse and examines the Church hierarchy's responses to crises within a historical context. Furthermore, by examining the transformation in papal discourse from the twentieth century onwards, it reveals that abuse evolved from a theological framework of sin to a victim-centered and legal concept of crime. The study's findings demonstrate that the Roman Catholic Church's response to the sexual abuse crisis evolved over time from a discourse of moral condemnation and individual sin to a more institutional and legal framework. This transformation was largely shaped by external dynamics such as media pressure, victim organizing, and state investigations, rather than by an internal institutional accounting within the Church. However, institutional secrecy practices, differences in implementation among local churches, and reluctance towards civic oversight mechanisms remain major factors limiting the evolution of these reforms into a structural transformation and the restoration of social trust. In conclusion, the study reveals that the sexual abuse crisis in the Catholic Church is not a historically closed issue but an ongoing test of the Church's moral authority and institutional legitimacy. It emphasizes that genuine healing is only possible through the simultaneous implementation of transparency, accountability, and victim-centered church practices.

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• ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10813
  Status of Women in State Administration of Aq Qoyunlu in 15th Century: Saray-Khatun and Despina-Khatun; [Положение женщин в государственном управлении Ак-Коюнлу в XV веке (Сарaй-хатун и Деспина-хатун)]

  Altyn, Kader; Kemurju, Elif

  This article offers an in-depth analysis of the political influence exercised by women on the history of the Aq Qoyunlu state. The study focuses on the participation of khatuns—wives and mothers of rulers — in both domestic and foreign policy, as well as their roles in diplomatic and dynastic affairs. The research is based on contemporary written sources and modern scholarship on the history of Turkic peoples. New data on the diplomatic activities of Saray-Khatun and Despina-Khatun are introduced into academic discourse, along with an assessment of their impact on the balance of power within the state. Special attention is given to the unique position of women at the Aq Qoyunlu court and their involvement in strategic decision-making processes. The article also explores the significance of dynastic marriages as instruments for consolidating authority and advancing foreign policy objectives. It is demonstrated that Saray-Khatun played a pivotal role in mediating conflicts among her sons and in conducting diplomatic negotiations with neighboring powers. Furthermore, Despina-Khatun (Kirya Katerina), despite her Christian background, managed to secure a prominent position at a Muslim court and actively participated in international correspondence. The study establishes that both marriages — those of Saray-Khatun and Despina-Khatun — were of strategic importance to the Aq Qoyunlu. It is concluded that these women not only supported internal stability but also contributed to the formation of new political alliances. Ultimately, the article argues that the khatuns of the Aq Qoyunlu were not merely consorts of rulers but independent and influential political actors who left a lasting imprint on the history of their state.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2025/r/ebyu/19526
  Aziz Bonaventura’un Düşüncesinde Tanrı ile Birlik: Ruhun Dönüştürücü Yolculuğu

  Şahin, Nadide

  1217-1274 yılları arasında yaşamış olan Aziz Bonaventura, Orta Çağ Hıristiyan mistisizminin önde gelen isimlerinden biridir. Bonaventura özellikle Zihnin Tanrıya Yolculuğu (Itinerarium Mentis in Deum) adlı eserinde dile getirdiği mistik teolojisiyle tanınmaktadır. Bonaventura, bu eserinde, sudur (emanation), örnekçilik (exemplarism) ve dönüş (reduction) kavramlarına dayalı bir metafizik çerçeve sunmaktadır. Buna göre Tanrı’dan sudur eden varlıklar, örnekçilik ilkesiyle ilahî modellerin bir yansımasıdır ve dönüş süreciyle nihaî kaynağına, yani Tanrı’ya geri yönelmektedir. Bu üçlü yapı, onun Mesih merkezli mistik anlayışının temelini oluştururken ruhun Tanrı’ya dönüşünü açıklayan altı aşamalı bir manevî yolculuk sürecini şekillendirmektedir. Bonaventura’a göre bu süreç, önce maddi dünyada Tanrı’nın izlerinin keşfedilmesiyle başlamakta, ardından bireyin kendi iç dünyasına yönelerek Tanrı’nın suretini tefekkür etmesiyle ilerlemekte ve nihayetinde Tanrı’nın saf varlık olarak doğrudan deneyimlenmesiyle doruğa ulaşmaktadır. Bu süreç sadece bireysel bir ruhsal deneyim olarak değil, sistematik bir dönüşüm modeli olarak kurgulanmış olup entelektüel kavrayış ile mistik vecdi birleştiren bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu çalışmada Bonaventura’un ruhun dönüştürücü yolculuğu çerçevesinde şekillendirdiği mistik vizyonunun yapı taşları ve aşamaları detaylı olarak ele alınıp incelenerek onun teolojik anlayışının temel ilkeleri belirlenecektir. Bunun için Bonaventura’un eserleri ve çağdaş akademik kaynaklar üzerinden sistematik ve deskriptif bir analiz gerçekleştirilecektir. Bu analizle Bonaventura’un Orta Çağ Hıristiyan teolojisi ve mistisizmine yaptığı katkıları, felsefi, teolojik ve mistik yönleriyle ele alarak, onun düşüncesinin özgün ve etkili yanlarını ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın neticesinde Bonaventura’un sunduğu mistik yolculuk modelinin, Orta Çağ düşüncesinde mistisizm ile rasyonel teolojiyi sentezleyen önemli bir yaklaşım olarak öne çıktığı ve çağdaş teolojik araştırmalar açısından derinlemesine incelenmesi gereken bir referans çerçevesi sunduğu görülmektedir.

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• Book ChapterYalnız künye2025/r/ebyu/11472
  Party Dynamics: A Case Study of the Democrat Party Government in Turkey's Political Life

  Keskin, Yusuf Ziya

  The Democrat Party era (1950-1960) is a crucial period in Turkish political history, marked by democratization, economic transformation, and global integration. Despite early successes, including a 40% increase in national income driven by the agricultural sector, the DP faced a rapid decline due to shifting economic and political dynamics. The era improved rural living standards significantly, influencing Turkey's political landscape by fostering support for right-wing parties in rural areas. The DP's class structure is seen both as a popular movement against single-party oppression and an alliance of large landowners and the commercial bourgeoisie. The period also introduced the alaturkaalafranga (traditional-modern) divide, especially in perceptions of secularism, with the DP supporting individual beliefs and local traditions, which appealed to conservative voters. This era ended with traditional liberals gaining power over statist elites in Turkey.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2024/r/ebyu/19859
  Dara Savaşı (MS 530): Metinler Ve Çıkarımlar

  Konuk, Süha

  Roma ve Sâsâniler arasında 530 yılında Anastasiopolis (Dara) kenti önlerinde yapılan savaş ve akabinde yaşanan diğer gelişmeler VI. yüzyıl başlarından itibaren aralıklarla devam eden Roma-Sâsâni çatışmalarının yakın gelecekti seyrine derinden etki etmiştir. Savaşa dair birkaç metin günümüze ulaşmış olup, bunların içinde General Belisarius’un danışmanı ve aynı zamanda savaşın görgü şahidi de olan Procopius’un ayrıntılı metni özel bir yer tutmaktadır. Savaşın tüm aşamalarını kaydeden müellifin kentin güneyinde yapıldığını işaret ettiği çatışmaların tam konumuna dair pek çok araştırmacı görüş sunmuştur. Bu çalışmada Procopius’un ve savaşa dair bilgi aktaran çağdaş iki müellifin metinlerinin tercümesi, yorumlanması ve savaşın yapıldığı konumun lokalizasyonuna dair bir teklif yer alacaktır.

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• ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2024/r/ebyu/19653
  Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza’nın Kutsal Kitap Yorumu ve Feminist Teolojiye Katkıları

  Şahin, Nadide

  Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza çağdaş Hıristiyan teolojisinde özellikle Kutsal Kitap yorumu ve feminist teolojiye yaptığı katkılarla tanınan önemli bir feminist teologdur. Kadınların deneyimlerini ve bakış açılarını merkeze alarak Hıristiyan kutsal metinlerini yorumlamanın yeni yollarını geliştirmede etkili olması onu feminist teolojinin temel figürlerinden biri hâline getirmiştir. Bu çerçevede o hem akademisyenleri hem de inanırları ataerkil sistemlerden etkilenmiş olan geleneksel yorumları sorgulayarak daha eşitlikçi okumalar yapmak suretiyle Kutsal Kitap’a bir şüphe hermenötiği ile yaklaşmaya teşvik etmiştir. Bu hermenötik yaklaşım üzerine inşa ettiği feminist teolojisi ile Schüssler Fiorenza, Kilise’yi ataerkil yapılarıyla yüzleşmeye, marjinalleştirilmiş seslerin, özellikle de kadınların seslerinin memnuniyetle karşılandığı ve güçlendirildiği bir alan olmaya davet etmiştir. Fiorenza böylece feminist Kutsal Kitap yorumunun sadece akademik bir egzersiz değil, Kilise ve toplum içinde gerçek bir değişime yol açabilecek dönüştürücü bir uygulama olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu araştırmada Batı feminizminin önemli isimlerinden biri olan Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza’nın Kutsal Kitap yorum çalışmaları bağlamında ortaya koyduğu feminist perspektifi ve bu görüşlerin sonraki teologlar üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir.

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• Book ChapterYayıncıda açık erişim2024/r/ebyu/12179
  The Ottoman Empire, Safavid Iran, and the Southern Black Sea between 1500 and 1700

  Inan, Kenan

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• ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/17870
  Ayahuasca Between Cultural Heritage and Drug Debate

  Sahin, Nadide

  Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew that has traditionally been used for centuries by indigenous communities in the Amazon basin for spiritual, medicinal, and shamanic purposes. The word ayahuasca typically refers to both the plant itself (Banisteriopsis caapi) and the beverage obtained when combined with other herbs, often containing the psychedelic compound DMT (dimethyltryptamine). The main ingredient in ayahuasca is Banisteriopsis caapi vine, which contains harmine and other MAO inhibitors. These inhibitors allow DMT to be absorbed and active when taken orally. DMT is a powerful hallucinogenic compound found in small amounts in various plants and even in the human body. DMT becomes active when combined with MAO inhibitors from the ayahuasca vine, and produces intense visionary experiences that are often described as deeply introspective, spiritual, and sometimes challenging. In this respect, indigenous peoples believe that ayahuasca is a powerful tool that allows them to communicate with the spirit world and the spirits of their ancestors and gain spiritual insight. It is often used to obtain guidance, wisdom, divination and healing from the spiritual realm. In addition, ayahuasca rituals are social events that bring people together. As they share their experiences, support each other, and benefit from the wisdom of the shamans, the bonds of the participants within the community are strengthened. Ceremonies also help transfer cultural traditions and teachings to younger generations. Therefore, ayahuasca is described as a tool that serves to preserve the indigenous identity. With all these aspects, ayahuasca is seen as a cultural heritage symbol intricately woven into the fabric of indigenous societies in the Amazon Basin. In the 19th century, some events, especially the Amazon rubber explosion, caused the use of ayahuasca to go beyond local/cultural boundaries. After a while, after the rubber workers returned to their homes, syncretic ayahuasca beliefs began to emerge in the cities of the region. In the 20th century, syncretic ayahuasca beliefs began to appear in many countries of America, Europe and even Asia, with the effect of globalization that facilitated cultural exchange between Native traditions and Western practices. As well as syncretic ayahuasca churches, ayahuasca use is highly to be in demand by people seeking alternative forms of spirituality and consciousness exploration because of its role in evoking deep experiences and insights through visions. An important point at this point is that the internationalization of ayahuasca use, along with its increasing popularity, has also created a number of problems that confront it with drug laws. As a matter of fact, in the context of today's modern legal frameworks, ayahuasca is also considered under the title of narcotic substances due to the presence of the hallucinogenic compound DMT (dimethyltryptamine). This dichotomyhas led to questions and debates about whether ayahuasca should be classified mainly as a cultural heritage or as a narcotic drug. According to the states on one side of the debate, this plant should be considered as a narcotic in accordance with international conventions and its use should be banned or restricted worldwide. On the other hand, according to anthropologists, ayahuasca should not be considered as a narcotic substance, but should be considered as a cultural heritage and should be treated based on this. At this point, the advocates of drug control underline the necessity of adhering to international agreements aimed at preventing illegal narcotics; advocates of cultural heritage emphasize the need to protect local rights and traditions. In this study, these debates about ayahuasca, which is at a complex intersection between cultural heritage and narcotic classification, are discussed within the framework of international drug conventions and the views of anthropologists who criticize them. In this context, in our research, firstly, brief information is given about the process of ayahuasca going beyond its local/cultural borders. Then, the discussions around the use of this plant were evaluated within the framework of international drug abuse laws and the opinions of anthropologists specializing in ayahuasca. As a result, it has been seen that the solution to the issue extends far beyond this binary classification, and that there is a need to create a synthesis that addresses modern concerns but also respects the sacred and human search for meaning through inclusive and collaborative interdisciplinary dialogues. Despite the increasing popularity of the use of ayahuasca around the world, including our country, the lack of sufficient number and depth of studies on the debate on the subject is the most important factor that led us to this research. Therefore, with this study, we hope to make an important contribution to the literature of our field.

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