Yazarlar
- Kandemir, Ali(11)
- Yildiz, Faruk(8)
- Kılıç, Engin(7)
- Osma, Etem(6)
- Türkoğlu, Halil İbrahim(6)
- Sari, İdris(5)
- Elverici, Mert(4)
- Gökhan, Askan(4)
- Katipoğlu, Okan Mert(4)
- Varol, Tuğçe(4)
- Akar, Özlem(3)
- Akın, Fatih(3)
- Elveren, Müjgan(3)
- Korkmaz, Mustafa(3)
- Sari, Idris(3)
- Yildirim, Nalan(3)
- Abdo, Hazem Ghassan(2)
- Agar, Guleray(2)
- Agoundé, Gafarou(2)
- Akar, A.(2)
- Akar, Alper(2)
- Akar, Ö.(2)
- Alqadhi, Saeed(2)
- Aslay, Meral(2)
- Davron, Dekhkonov(2)
- Hasbenli, Abdullah(2)
- Hilooğlu, Muhip(2)
- Kartal, Veysi(2)
- Kaya, Ozkan(2)
- Kiymaz, Muhammet Onur(2)
- Komiljon, Tojibaev Sh.(2)
- Mallick, Javed(2)
- Polat, Pinar(2)
- Prasad, Pankaj(2)
- Richi, Sahar Mohammed(2)
- Sözen, Emel(2)
- Taş, Mehmet Akif(2)
- Temur, Asatulloev(2)
- Ullah, Fazal(2)
- Umida, Tojiboeva(2)
Yayınlar
- ArticleYalnız künye2022Improving the accuracy of random forest-based land-use classification using fused images and digital surface models produced via different interpolation methods
Akar, Alper
Land-use maps produced with high accuracy are extremely important as a basis for better use of the land as they are widely utilized in many areas such as agricultural policies, natural resources management, and environmental operations. This study aimed to produce a high accuracy land-use map using digital surface models (DSMs) produced using different interpolation methods and a random forest (RF) classifier. High spatial resolution Triplesat-2 images, Worldview-2 (WV-2) images, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images were used in this study. First, DSMs were produced from the point cloud using different interpolation methods. The image fusion process was applied and these fused images were classified using an RF classifier together with the DSMs. Overall results showed that the DSM obtained by the kriging method yielded better results than the other methods by increasing the classification accuracy by 7%–13%. In addition, the McNemar test was applied to the images resulting from the classification of fused images with and without using DSMs to investigate the statistical significance of the differences. McNemar test demonstrated that the (Formula presented.) values were greater than 3.84, which revealed that the DSM produced via kriging interpolation had significantly increased the classification accuracy at a 95% confidence interval.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2022Macro-Morphological and Ecological Variation in Rosa sericea Complex
Ullah, Fazal; Gao, Yundong; Sari, İdris; Jiao, Ruifang; Saqib, Saddam; Gao, Xinfen
Taxon delimitation and identification are important in many areas of biology, especially in taxonomy and conservation. Taxonomic treatment is required to establish and justify recommendations in conservation biology for the group being considered. Imperfect and controversial taxonomy can undermine conservation assessment. We studied 71 populations; 665 individuals corresponding to the morphology of the Rosa sericea complex (including six taxa, one of which has extremely narrow distributions) were collected from sympatric, parapatric, and allopatric populations distributed in China. This study aims to investigate whether the complex species are macromorpho-logically different species and evaluate the rare taxa of the complex for conservation priority. The morphological characters and principal component analysis (PCA) of the R. sericea complex showed that the complex species have overlapping characters but can distinguish morphologically. The species of R. sericea complex systematics status based on previous DNA sequencing is controversial. The ecological habitat’s current morphological characters only delimit the R. morrisonensis (in Taiwan). To evade mistakes in species conservation, we recommend that taxonomical knowledge be needed to ensure success in protecting target species. Thus, the complementarity of systemic and conservation assurance makes conservation actions more necessary for the complex’s rare taxa. The ecological niche modelling (ENM) results showed that habitats of these conspecific taxa would be shrunken. With the presence of snapshots in time, the geography of taxa might decrease rapidly in representative entirely of the Geographic space (G-space) and Environmental space (E-space) that such taxa are bright to inhabit. So far, the significant inferences meant for the niche occupy the most incredible comparative research, taking the impermanent nature of taxa distributions and undertaking that such species are at a state of stability. If the artificially identified species (rarely distributed) are based on morphological identification, they must be conserved.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2022An assessment of the herpetofauna of the Oriental Sweetgum forests in southwestern Anatolia, Turkey; [Uma avaliação da herpetofauna das florestas orientals de "Sweetgum" no sudoeste da Anatólia, Turquia]
Bozkurt, Emin; Ürker, Okan; Elverici, Mert
Oriental Sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis) is a threatened tree species restricted to Rhodes Island (Greece) and southern Anatolia (Turkey), best known for its rare riparian forests. These small patches of forests are severely fragmented and scattered, and are rarely found in southwestern Turkey Based on field sampling and data compilation, we performed an assessment of the herpetofauna in these forests in southwestern Turkey during the spring of 2019 and 2021. Sampling was carried out using a line-transect method in 13 forests with various habitats, resulting in data at the community and population levels. Sixteen families, including 26 amphibian and reptile species (four anurans. four turtles, nine lizards, and nine snakes), were recorded from these unique forests, based on 1440 individuals. Twenty-two species were recorded for the first time from these forests: in addition. Emys orbicularis and Elaphe sauromates were recorded for the first time from the region. Richness in the forest patches, habitat use by the recorded species, and interspecific interactions are discussed to explain the conspicuous patterns observed in the species distributions. The unique distribution pattern of Phoenicolacerta laevis among the existing forest patches represents the most prominent finding, with implications for a recent introduction. The fossorial species Xerotyphlops vermicularis, Blanus strauchi, and Eryx jaculus are unlikely to occur in the Oriental Sweetgum forest due to annual flooding. The data obtained during this study will be transferred to the Oriental Sweetgum forest conservation action plan (2019-2024) as part of the biodiversity monitoring tools for use in the long-term conservation of these forests.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2021Erzincan’da Kuru Fasulye Üretiminde Tespit Edilen Zararlı Türler
Kılıç, Engin; Çelebi, Serbay
Erzincan ili yemeklik tane baklagiller üretimi için uygun toprak ve ekolojik şartlara sahiptir. Keza Erzincan ve yöresinde Sahte Dermason olarak bilinen yerli popülasyon kuru fasulye çeşidi yoğun olarak ekilmektedir. En fazla fasulye üretim yapılan ilçe Çayırlı ilçesidir. Erzincanda kuru fasulye ekim alanlarında 2017-2018 yılları arasında yapılan sürvey çalışması sonucunda, toplam 7 türün zararlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu türlerden tüm üretim alanlarında ve depolarda sırasıyla Apis fabae, Tetranychus urticae, Acanthocelides obtectus ‘un yoğun olarak bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2021Erzincan’da Entomopatojen Fungusların Oluşumuna ve Dağılımına Etki Eden Toprak Faktörleri
Kılıç, Engin
Bu çalışmada, Erzincan topraklarından izole edilen entomopatojen fungusların (Epf) oluşumuna ve dağılımı üzerine toprak faktörlerinin etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla ekili ve doğal alanlardan toplanan 60 toprak örneği incelenmiştir. Topraklardan Beauveria bassiana (balsamo) Vuillemin ve Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin olmak üzere iki epf türü izole edilmiştir. Farklı toprak habitat ve sub-habitaların fungus oluşumuna ve dağılımına etkisini incelemek için Ki-kare testi yapılmıştır. Toprak habitatı ile B. bassiana’nın oluşumu ve dağılımı arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı (x2=,000, p>.005), M. anisopliae’nin oluşumu ve dağılımı ile toprak habitatının arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir (x2=7,680, p<.005). Sub- habitatlardan ise tarla alanların M. anisopliae’nin oluşumu ve dağılımı üzerinde etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan t-testi sonucunda ise, organik maddenin, toprak saturasyonunun, toprak tekstürü ve fosforun B. bassiana’nın oluşumu ve dağılımında etkili olduğu belirlenirken, toprak saturasyonunun ve toprak tekstürünün ise, M. anisopliae’nin oluşumu ve dağılımı üzerine etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2021Karstlaşmanın insan yaşamı üzerindeki sınırlandırıcı etkisinin CBS tabanlı mekânsal istatistik analizleri ile saptanması (Arapgir-Malatya Platosu)
Polat, Pinar; Gömüç, Murat
Munzur Kireçtaşları ve Alibonca Formasyonu’na ait marnlı-kumlu kireçtaşlarının yüzeylendiği Arapgir Platosu, çıplak ve sığ karstın geliştiği bir alandır. Fakat litostratigrafik farklılaşmaya bağlı olarak karstlaşmanın karakteri, litolojik birimler arasında farklılaşmaktadır. Karstlaşma süreci, tektonik rejim farklılaşmaları ve iklim değişikliklerine bağlı olarak jeolojik geçmiş boyunca zaman zaman kesintilere maruz kalmış olsa da süreç devam etmiştir. Zaman içerisinde karstlaşmanın etkinliği yavaşlamış, flüvyal aşınım ve mekanik çözünme daha aktifleşmiş, lapya ve dolin oluşumları yer yer tahribata uğramıştır. Bu doğal tahribat ile sığ karst oluşumu bir araya gelince; su varlığı, toprak oluşumu ve vejetasyon açısından sınırlı, insan yaşamı ve beşeri faaliyetler açısından zorlu, taşlık bir arazi ortaya çıkmıştır. Alanın bu mevcut durumundan dolayı, platonun bu kısmında hemen hemen hiçbir daimi yerleşme bulunmamakta ve tarımsal faaliyetler sınırlı olduğu için arazi kullanımı sadece yaylak-otlak alanı olarak gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ve hedefi doğrultusunda, karstlaşmanın yerleşme seçimi ve arazi kullanımı üzerindeki sınırlandırıcı ve belirleyici etkisini saptamak için karstik aşınım şekilleri uygulamalı ve basit rastgele örneklem metotlarına uygun bir şekilde sayısallaştırılarak, bir takım CBS tabanlı mekânsal istatistik analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Analizler sonucunda, karstlaşmanın yerleşme seçimi ve arazi kullanımı üzerinde sınırlandırıcı ve belirleyici bir etken olduğu istatistiksel olarak saptanmıştır.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2021Marsh frog (pelophylax ridibundus) as a bioindicator to assess pollution in an agricultural area
Şişman, Turgay; Keskin, Muhammet Çağrı; Dane, Hatice; Adil, Şeymanur; Geyikoğlu, Fatime; Çolak, Suat; Canpolat, Esra
In order to determine the effects of environmental contamination, nuclear abnormalities of peripheral erythrocytes and lung, liver, and kidney histopathologies were evaluated in marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus) in agricultural areas. The most prominent histopathological alterations observed in lung tissue were noted as epithelial hyperplasia, thickness of alveolar septa, dilatations and congestions of blood capillaries, and melanomacrophage accumulation. An increase in the number and widening of melanomacrophage centers were also noted for liver, in parallel with hepatocyte degeneration and heterogenic vascular construction originating from congestion, deformation and dilatation. In kidney, degeneration, congestion, dilatation, and necrosis in proximal and distal tubules were recorded; moreover, expansions of Bowman's space, infiltrations of lymphocytes, and glomerulonephritis were observed. Also, the frequency of nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes showed significant differences between the sites. Quantitative analyzes of histopathological and nuclear alterations indicated that the highest effects of pollutants in frogs were at the agricultural sites in June.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2020Will ferulago glareosa kandemir and hedge (Apiaceae) be extinct in the near future?
Sari, İdris; Kandemir, Ali
Turkey is one of the most important temperate countries on Earth in terms of plant diversity. There is a growing interest in understanding habitat suitability and future distributions of species in the scientific world. Because climate change has impacted ecosystems with major consequences, species are shifting and declining much faster than in the past. Some global climate models used for predicting climate in the future better represent and have higher reliability for some climate types. Ferulago glareosa, which lives in Turkey, is a rare endemic plant species. In this study, we investigated current and future distributions of the species determined to be habitat-specific to lead to future studies on conservation. The Maxent model was used to map the current and future potential distribution of the species for Turkey. HadGEM2-ES and MPI-ESM-LR global climate models based on predicted future suitability of F. glareosa for 2050 and 2070 were examined. Models were constructed based on 20 presence points of the species and 2 abiotic variables. The current species distribution modeling of Ferulago glareosa predicted by the model produced very high success rates with training and test AUC values of 0.970 and 0.968, respectively. The true skill statistics value of the model (0.8245) indicated excellent model performance. In the end, we have demonstrated how predictions obtained from a highly reliable global climate model for a region’s climate could provide more dependable insights into the future distribution of narrow-spread endemic species.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2019Böcek otçulluğunun Ferulago glareosa (Apiaceae)’nın üreme başarısına etkileri
Sarı, İdris; Kandemir, Ali
Tehdit altında tür olduğu öngörülen Ferulago glareosa Kemah, Erzincan (Türkiye)’de iki farklı habitat yamasında (Tip 1 ve Tip 2) yaşamaktadır. Bu çalışmada türe yönelik olası koruma çalışmalarına yön verebilmek için türün hem çiçek ziyaretçileri hem de ziyaretçilerin meyve tutumlarına etkileri araştırıldı. Ziyaretçi bollukları ve ziyaretçilerin meyve tutumlarına etkileri 2016 ve 2017 yıllarına yayılmış 8’er günde 2’şer saatlik zaman dilimlerinde gerçekleştirildi. İki habitat yamasındaki bireylerin meyve tutumları 60 bireyin 587 ışınındaki meyveler sayılarak saptandı. Tip 1 ve Tip 2 habitat yamalardaki meyve tutumlarının (0.11 ve 1.12 sırasıyla) istatiksel olarak oldukça farklı oldukları belirlendi. Türün meyve tutumuna Omophlus caucasicus’un en büyük zararı verdiği gözlemlendi. Habitat yamalarındaki değişik abiyotik koşulların ve türün çiçeklenme fenolojisinin türün böcek otçullarına görünürlüğünde etkin olduğu görüldü. Sonuç olarak, böcek otçulların türe verdiği zarar ile türün habitatlarındaki konumsal ve zamansal varyasyonlar arasında güçlü bir bağıntı olduğu saptandı.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2019Analysis of genomic stability and DNA damage in plants exposed to cement dust pollution using the RAPD analysis
Ertürk, Filiz Aygün; Agar, Guleray; Sunar, Serap
One of the most important environmental pollutants is cement dust. In this study, RAPD technology was used todefine the potential genotoxic impact of cement dust on plants. For this purpose, the DNA comparison of 12 plant species(Convolvulus sepium, Astragalus christianus, Taraxacum androssovii Medicago varia, Alyssum murale, Artemisiaspisigera, Falcaria vulgaris, Anchusa strigose, Glaucium leiocarpum, Salvia syriaca, Cryciata taurica Tragopogonalbinervis)collected from the areas of 10000 m (Control area) or 0-100 m away from Askale cement factory in Erzurum;was performed. 16 primers were used, and 390 bands were obtained. Important differences were observed in plant RAPDprofiles collected from 0-100 m areas when compared to their respective controls (10000 m away from the factory). Somebands in control plants got lost, and new band formations were observed. The Genomic template stability (GTS) valuedecreased significantly in plants collected from 0-100 m area as compared to the controls (%56.20). Soil samples from 0-100 m and control area were collected and examined for their heavy metal contents. According to the analysis results,Nickel, Cadmium, Zinc, Lead and Copper concentrations were found to be dramatically high in the soil collected from 0-100 m as compared to the control area. These results indicate that the high heavy metal content in the soil causes thechanges in RAPD profiles and GTS in plants. The data also indicated that RAPD and GTS assays are basic, effective andreproducible means of the genotoxicity control of environmental pollution.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2019Tracking neonicotinoids following their use as cotton seed treatments
Kohl, Kristina L.; Harrell, Lauren K.; Mudge, Joseph F.; Subbiah, Seenivasan; Kasumba, John; Osma, Etem; Barman, Apurba K.; Anderson, Todd A.
Neonicotinoids are a leading class of insecticides on the global market, accounting for nearly 25%. They are widely used in both agricultural and residential settings. Causing neuron failure by irreversibly binding to the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, neonicotinoids offer broad spectrum efficacy against a variety of pests. However, because they are non-selective with regard to insect species, there has been some concern with neonicotinoid use over threats to pollinators such as honeybees, and potential indirect effects to migratory waterfowl as a result of invertebrate prey population depletion. In order to study occurrence and fate of neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam and imidacloprid), we analyzed cotton leaves on plants grown from neonicotinoid-treated seeds and corresponding soil samples between cotton rows. Neonicotinoid concentration data from cotton leaves appears to be consistent with the claim that seed treatments protect plants for 3–4 weeks; by 30 days post-planting, neonicotinoid concentrations fell, in general, to 200 ng/g or lower. This represents about a 10-fold decrease from plant concentrations at approximately 2 weeks post-planting. It was found that neonicotinoids used as seed treatments remained present in the soil for months post planting and could be available for runoff. To that end, 21 playa wetlands were sampled; 10 had at least one quantifiable neonicotinoid present, three of which were classified as grassland or rangeland playas, two were urban, and the remaining five were cropland playas. In several instances, neonicotinoid concentrations in playas exceeded EPA chronic benchmarks for aquatic invertebrates. Copyright 2019 Kohl et al.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2019Local-versus broad-scale environmental drivers of continental β-diversity patterns in subterranean spider communities across Europe
Mammola, Stefano; Cardoso, Pedro; Angyal, Dorottya; Balázs, Gergely; Blick, Theo; Brustel, Herve; Carter, Julian; Ćurčić, Srećko; Danflous, Samuel; Dányi, László
Macroecologists seek to identify drivers of community turnover (β-diversity) through broad spatial scales. However, the influence of local habitat features in driving broad-scale β-diversity patterns remains largely untested, owing to the objective challenges of associating local-scale variables to continental-framed datasets. We examined the relative contribution of local- versus broad-scale drivers of continental β-diversity patterns, using a uniquely suited dataset of cave-dwelling spider communities across Europe (35-70° latitude). Generalized dissimilarity modelling showed that geographical distance, mean annual temperature and size of the karst area in which caves occurred drove most of β-diversity, with differential contributions of each factor according to the level of subterranean specialization. Highly specialized communities were mostly influenced by geographical distance, while less specialized communities were mostly driven by mean annual temperature. Conversely, local-scale habitat features turned out to be meaningless predictors of community change, which emphasizes the idea of caves as the human accessible fraction of the extended network of fissures that more properly represents the elective habitat of the subterranean fauna. To the extent that the effect of local features turned to be inconspicuous, caves emerge as experimental model systems in which to study broad biological patterns without the confounding effect of local habitat features.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2018Evaluatıon of salıx fragılıs l. (gevrek söğüt) as a bıomonıtor ın heavy metal pollutıon
Yavuzer, Hasan
With this study the effects of different concentrations of some (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Co, Cr, Cd) on the root, bark, leaves and cultivated soil samples of (Salix fragilis L.), plants collected from four different localities from around Işıkpınar stream and Karasu River (Tercan, Yedisu, Üzümlü) was investigated. Plant and soil samples were pre-treated in the laboratory, and then their heavy metal concentrations were analyzed in ICP-MS. Differences between localities were determined by statistically (SPSS 19 Package Program) comparing the data obtained from plant parts collected from different localities and the soil. It was determined that the heavy metal accumulation in the plant parts was higher in the roots. In addition, the amount of heavy metal was found to be higher in the Yedisu locality than in other localities. As result S. fragilis could be a biomonitor in the determination of heavy metal contamination.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2018Investigation of the Effects of Air Conditioner Waste Water on Wheat and Barley
Osma, Etem; Elveren, Müjgan; Varol, Tuğçe
Herein this study, the effects of the wastewaters that transmitted to the ecosystem from the air conditioner on the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants were investigated. The soil to be planted for study was mixed at different concentrations (1/5, 2/5, 3/5) of the air conditioner wastewater except for the control group. On 650 g of soil 5 g of barley and 7 g of wheat seed were planted and covered with 100 g of soil. Wheat was irrigated at regular intervals in accordance with field capacity. The wheat was harvested after 15 days and the barley was harvested after 11 days. After weighing the harvested samples electrolyte leakage, MDA, CAT, SOD activities were determined by extraction. Along with that wheat and barley specimens were analyzed for metal concentrations in ICP-OES after pre-treatment. The relationship between control samples and samples grown at different concentrations of A/C wastewater was evaluated statistically and significant differences were determined.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2018Investigation of Biogas Potential of Animal Wastes in Erzincan Province
Badem, Anıl; Seyhan, Aslıhan Kurnuç
The fossil-based energy resource's is non-renewable and causing negative effects on the environment. Because of the ever-increasing need for energy, the more efficients use of existing resources and is necessary move towards domestic and renewable energy sources. The main livelihood of agriculture and animal husbandry is 37% of Erzincan province's surface area is composed of meadow and grassland. This has led to the cultivation of feed plant varieties in large areas and the development of animal production. In Erzincan province where cattle, sheep and poultry are grown, 434469 tons of animal waste is obtained annually. Biogas production is one of the best ways to use these wastes in a sustainable and efficient way. In this study, the amount of biogas available per year from Erzincan province animal wastes was calculated as 15511011 m3, electric energy 38025864 kWhe and heat energy 35818027112 kcal using data from Erzincan Cattle Breeders Association and Food, Agriculture and Livestock Provincial Directorate. It is observed that Erzincan has a potential of 4.3 MW in terms of biogas-derived electricity generation power and has an important capacity for biogas and energy production values
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2018Designing a sustainable rangeland information system for Turkey
Akar, A.; Gokalp, E.
The purpose of this study is to identify the deficiencies of the rangeland information system currently used in Turkey and, as an alternative, design a sustainable rangeland information system. In the study, both the extent of changes that occurred over time in the rangelands and the factors that caused such changes were identified, and solutions were suggested to eliminate those factors. The rangelands located in the Akcaabat district of Trabzon province were selected as the study area. Land use maps were produced by using the object-based classification method. According to the results of change analyses made with this information system, it was found out that, from 1973 to 2012, a surface area of 159.8 hectares had been degraded, demonstrating that the current information system had not been successful enough in the management of rangelands. For that reason, a sustainable rangeland information system free from all deficiencies was designed.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2018Chemical applications, scarification and stratification effects on seed germination of rare endemic Verbascum calycosum hausskn. ex Murb. (Scrophulariaceae)
Hilooğlu, Muhip; Sözen, Emel; Yücel, Ersin; Kandemir, Ali
Verbascum calycosum is an endemic plant species having considerable narrow distribution in Erzincan (Turkey) region. This species is known from only a single population and its habitats are highly threatened due to intensive human activities and soil erosion. In this study, the germination behavior of V. calycosum under different concentrations of NaCl, HCl, KNO3, GA3 (100 and 200 μM), hot-cold stratification and mechanical scarification were investigated. Seeds were exposed to a photoperiod of 8 h light/16 h dark with a 23/18 °C thermoperiod. Germination rates increased with GA3-100 μM (39%), GA3-200 μM (54.5%), mechanical scarification (34.5%) and cold stratification treatments (+4 °C, 23.25%; -20 °C, 18.25%) on the other hand, KNO3, NaCl, HCl and stratification with hot water treatments have decreased germination rates significantly when compared to the control (12.25%). Increased germination after GA3 application and mechanical scarification indicated that seeds of V. calycosum exhibited both non-deep and intermediate physiological dormancy as well as physical dormancy due to its hard seed coat. The highest speed of germination index was obtained at cold stratification of +4 °C and -20 °C (10.3). This study represents first report about seed dormancy and germination characteristics of V. calycosum. Overall, these results will provide valuable data for ex situ conservation of this rare endemic plant.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2018The Rotation Forest algorithm and object-based classification method for land use mapping through UAV images
Akar, Özlem
This study aims to test the performance of the Rotation Forest (RTF) algorithm in urban and rural areas that have similar characteristics using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images to produce the most up-to-date and accurate land use maps. The performance of the RTF algorithm was compared to other ensemble methods such as Random Forest (RF) and Gentle AdaBoost (GAB) for object-based classification. RGB bands and other variables (i.e. ratio, mean, standard deviation,.. etc.) were also used in classification. The accuracy assessments showed that the RTF method, with 92.52 and 91.29% accuracies, performed better than the RF (2 and 4%) and GAB (5 and 8%) methods in urban and rural areas, respectively. The significance of differences in classification methods was also analysed using the McNemar test. Consequently, this study shows the success of the RTF algorithm in the object-based classification of UAV images for land use mapping.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleAçık Erişim2018An investigation of anthropogenic pollution in soil samples from residential areas in Erzincan city center and its vicinity by evaluating chemical factors
Yalçın, Paşa; Kam, Erol; Yümün, Zeki Ünal; Kurt, Dilek
To measure heavy metal pollution, 42 different soil samples were collected and analyzed from the center, cities, and villages of Erzincan. Average element concentrations in the soil samples in micrograms per gram were as follows: Cadmium (Cd, 6.1), Cobalt (Co, 52.2), Chromium (Cr, 739.6), Copper (Cu, 51.3), Nickel (Ni, 638.4), Lead (Pb, 14.2), and Zinc(Zn, 85.7), and these results were incompatible with natural background values. Heavy metal concentrations were at high levels, especially in agricultural regions and regions with mineral deposits. The results were compared to the allowable levels in soil dictated by pollution regulations in Turkey and some European countries. Krige (1962) method was used to evaluate the distribution of concentrations of heavy metals. Various methods such as Reverse Distance Weighted Interpolation Method (IDW), Local Polynomial, Radial-Based Function, and Kriging were used in preparing density maps. In the maps obtained, critical values for each heavy metal are defined. In addition, these critical values were compared with Krauskopf (1979) values. In this comparison, the values obtained in the samples showed ultramafic rocks in Erzincan region.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele - ArticleYalnız künye2017Improving classification accuracy of spectrally similar land covers in the rangeland and plateau areas with a combination of WorldView-2 and UAV images
Akar, A.; Gökalp, E.; Akar, Ö.; Yılmaz, V.
This study aims to increase the accuracy of the object based classification approach to differentiate the spectrally similar land cover types to create thematic maps depicting the current land use status in rangeland. Firstly, the multispectral and panchromatic bands of a WorldView-2 MS and Pan images are fused. The fused WV-2 image is then classified with object based approach using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) classifier (Method 1). The overall classification accuracy for Method 1 is found to be 88.6%. Secondly, UAV ortho-image is utilised for segmentation process, which is required for the object based SVM classification of the WV-2 MS image (Method 2). The overall classification accuracy for Method 2 is obtained as 92.4%. It is realised that the Method 2 increases the object based classification accuracy by 4%, compared to Method 1. This result reveals that the object based classification of the UAV and WV-2 MS images makes significant contribution to the classification accuracy.
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