SDG 2 · Açlığa Son · SDG · Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi

Yazarlar

Yayınlar

Yeniden eskiye Eskiden yeniye

ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10803
Probiotic Supplementation as an Alternative to Antibiotics in Bovine Sperm Cryopreservation: Effects on Motility, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis
Ömür, Ali Doğan; Çelebi, Demet; Akarsu, Serkan Ali; Apaydin Yildirim, Betül; Uçak, Gamze; Acisu, Tutku Can; Aydin, Mehmet Akif; Başer, Sümeyye; Çelebi, Özgür; Koca, Recep Hakkı
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on bovine sperm cryopreservation by assessing post-thaw spermatological and biochemical parameters. Twenty-four ejaculations were collected from four Simmental bulls using the artificial vagina method. Ejaculates exhibiting over 70% motility were pooled to eliminate individual variations and allocated into five experimental groups: antibiotic-free control group, antibiotic group, LA, BL and LR groups, respectively. Three probiotic strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) and Bifidobacterium longum (BL), were incorporated into a Tris egg yolk-based semen extender at a concentration of 109 CFU/mL. Following dilution, samples were equilibrated and subsequently stored in liquid nitrogen. Post-thaw evaluations were conducted for sperm motility and kinematic parameters using CASA, hypo-osmotic swelling test, fluorescent staining for chromatin integrity, acrosomal integrity and mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as oxidative stress biomarkers. Additionally, apoptosis and metabolism related proteins were quantified by ELISA. The results exhibited that probiotic treated groups had significantly higher total and progressive motility as compared with controls (p < 0.001). In comparison with the control group, BL supplementation showed significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant enzyme activities, along with lowered TGF-β and Caspase-3 levels, indicating attenuated oxidative stress and apoptotic signalling (p < 0.001). In contrast with the control group, LR supplementation resulted in elevated MDA and apoptosis-related markers, suggesting strain specific pro-oxidative effects (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences observed in STAR or ATP synthase levels across the treatments. Altogether, the results exhibited that strains of probiotics, particularly BL, have the potential to serve as an alternative to antibiotics in bovine semen cryopreservation. Nevertheless, strain-dependent responses and limitations, especially with respect to DNA integrity, require further investigation.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10800
Investigation of antiphytoviral effects of thymol, eugenol, and 1,8-cineol essential oils on cucumber mosaic virus in Turkey
Karakus, Sinem; Akdura, Nevin; Culal-Kılıc, Handan
The exploration of natural antiviral agents, such as essential oils, is a critical area of research, offering promising alternatives for sustainable plant disease management and contributing to global agricultural resilience. In this regard, the present study investigated the antiviral efficacy of thymol, eugenol, and 1,8-cineol essential oils (EOs) against cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in vivo. It focused on assessing the capability of these EOs, particularly at a concentration of 500 ppm, in both prophylactic and therapeutic contexts for plant health, particularly when applied prior to or concurrently with viral infection. The evaluation involved measuring a range of parameters, including local lesions of CMV on cucumber plants, symptom index, leaf width, plant height, and virus accumulation. Our findings demonstrated that thymol was significantly effective in mitigating CMV infection. Both eugenol and 1,8-cineole oils also showed efficacy in reducing local lesions when applied to host plants alongside the infecting virus. Based on our results, the essential oils exhibited substantial protective and curative effects against CMV, with the preventative (pre-inoculation) application proving more effective. In conclusion, this study highlights the potent antiviral activity of thymol, eugenol, and 1,8-cineole EOs against CMV, presenting them as viable alternative strategies for combating viral diseases in plants. In addition, our findings not only advance our understanding of plant-virus interactions, but also pave the way for more eco-friendly and effective agricultural practices, crucial in the face of escalating plant disease challenges worldwide.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10793
Trabzon's culinary culture during Ramadan: Practices, foods, and social dynamics
Şen, Mehmet Akif; Bakkaloğlu, Zeynep
This study examines the changes in culinary culture that occur with the arrival of Ramadan, a month regarded sacred by the Islamic community in Trabzon. The aim of this study is to analyze food preparation techniques, preservation methods, meal structures, and social dynamics within a gastronomy and food studies framework across three phases: pre-Ramadan, Ramadan, and Eid al-Fitr within Trabzon's culinary culture. A qualitative research design was employed, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 33 participants from different districts of Trabzon using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed through content analysis involving coding, categorization, and theme development. The findings reveal that Ramadan significantly reshapes culinary practices through intensive pre-preparation, widespread use of food preservation techniques such as drying and storage, and the continuation of communal production practices (imece). Iftar meals are characterized by diversity, abundance, and social interaction, whereas suhoor meals prioritize practicality and satiety. The study demonstrates that Ramadan culinary practices in Trabzon play a crucial role in sustaining cultural heritage and reinforcing social cohesion.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10790
Small bodies, big potential: Comprehensive nutritional and bioactivity evaluation of five edible insects from Indonesia
Yuca, Hafize; Aydoğan, Zeynep; Yıldırım, Özge Çağlar; Aydın, Bilge; Arslan, Mehmet Enes; Atila, Alptuğ; Göger, Gamze; Demirci, Betül; Mohammadi, Najeebullah; Prastiwi, Artina
Edible insects are increasingly valued as sustainable functional food sources due to their rich nutritional content, including proteins, essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. This study investigated five insect species/forms traditionally consumed in Indonesia—Phyllophaga helleri (Puthul), Valanga nigricornis (Belalang kayu), Gryllus bimaculatus (Jangkrik), and both the adult (Ulat jati) and cocoon (Entung jati) forms of Hyblaea puera. Methanol and aqueous extracts were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were assessed alongside volatile, amino acid, and elemental profiles using GC-MS, LC-MS, and ICP-MS. Volatile analyses revealed limonene (53.9–72.2%) as the dominant aroma compound in Entung jati, Ulat jati, Belalang kayu, and Puthul. Fatty acid profiles were rich in oleic acid (40.8–71.3%), especially in Entung jati and Ulat jati. Alanine and tyrosine were the most abundant amino acids, reaching up to 1945.36 and 4744.03 nmol/mL, respectively. Essential elements (K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se) were abundant, while toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg, Pb) were below international safety limits. Entung jati methanol extract showed the strongest α-glucosidase inhibition (85.09%), exceeding acarbose (77.61%). Jangkrik exhibited the highest α-amylase inhibition (29.45%), and Ulat jati aqueous extract had the strongest antioxidant activity. Some methanol extracts also showed moderate antimicrobial effects (MIC = 625–1250 μg/mL). P. helleri extract showed cytotoxicity at high doses, but genotoxicity was not observed. These findings support the nutritional and therapeutic potential of Indonesian edible insects.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10789
Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from food and determination of their antibiotic resistance
Yilmaz, Nazife; Urganci, Nida Nur; Yildirim, Zeliha
Despite the fact that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a well-known opportunist pathogen, it remains an understudied microorganism in the context of food safety. Due to its high adaptation capability, rapid reproduction and minimal growth necessities, P. aeruginosa is a common bacterium in the food chain. The resistance of P. aeruginosa to various antibiotics in clinical isolates has been extensively investigated and in-depth characterized. Conversely, information on food-borne isolates of this genus and species is insufficient. In this study, a total of 208 colonies were isolated from 144 food samples collected from different provinces and subjected to morphological, physiological, and chemical analyses. Based on the results, total 22 isolates obtained from milk (12) and chicken (10) samples and exhibiting characteristics specific to P. aeruginosa were identified at the molecular level using the 16 S rRNA region. The antibiotic resistance profiles of the identified isolates were evaluated against azithromycin and erythromycin (macrolides), cefoperazone and ceftazidime (cephalosporin), meropenem and imipenem (carbapenem), as well as amikacin (aminoglycoside) among others. As a result of 16 S rRNA analysis, it was determined that only the 10 isolates obtained from raw milk samples were P. aeruginosa. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance among P. aeruginosa isolates was found to be variable. All isolates were observed to be susceptible to amikacin, imipenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam, while they were resistant to erythromycin, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, kanamycin, and chloramphenicol. Only the RM16 strain was susceptible to tetracycline, RM18 to meropenem, and RM20 and RM24 showed intermediate susceptibility to gentamicin.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10683
Chemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Pyrolysis Liquids from Walnut Residue
Koc, Ibrahim; Ogun, Erdal; Geven, Fatmagul; Guney, Kerim; Yildiz, Faruk; Kaya, Ozkan
Pyrolysis liquid (PL) derived from biomass pyrolysis exhibits biopesticidal properties and represents a promising value-added product within the sustainable circular economy framework. However, knowledge about the antimicrobial potential of PLs produced from walnut residue at different pyrolysis temperatures remains limited. We investigated the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of PLs obtained from agricultural walnut residue (Juglans regia L.) against selected plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. PLs were produced at four temperature ranges: 200–300 °C (W-1), 300–400 °C (W-2), 400–500 °C (W-3), and 500–600 °C (W-4). Chemical characterization was performed using Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), with determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Pyrolysis temperature significantly influenced the chemical profile and bioactive compound content of the PLs, with W-4 showing the highest total phenolic and flavonoid levels. Heavy metal analysis indicated minimal contamination in all samples. Antibacterial activity was observed in stock solutions, whereas diluted applications showed limited effects. The W-4 fraction showed the strongest antibacterial activity and exhibited MIC values of 12.50 µL/mL against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, and 25.00 µL/mL against Erwinia amylovora. Antifungal activity differed markedly across temperature ranges, with W-3 and W-4 displaying superior activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae, achieving complete mycelial growth inhibition at 5%, compared to 10% for W-2 and 20% for W-1. Positive controls confirmed assay validity (ciprofloxacin for antibacterial assays and cycloheximide for antifungal assays), whereas negative controls showed no inhibitory effect. Overall, higher pyrolysis temperatures, particularly 400–600 °C, enhanced the antimicrobial potential of walnut residue-derived PLs, supporting their possible use as bio-based antifungal agents for sustainable crop protection.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10618
Exploring the Potential of Morus nigra L. Fruit and Leaves as Food Additives: Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, Enzyme Inhibition Effects, and Phytochemical Profiles
Akkuş, Rana Elif; Güven, Zühal Bayrakçeken; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Cakir, Oguz
Morus nigra has been used in folk medicine and as food since ancient times. In this study, the cytotoxic, antioxidant, urease enzyme, and enzymatic browning inhibitory effects of the fruits and pruning by-product leaves were investigated, and their potential as food additives was evaluated. LC–MS/MS analysis showed that quinic acid (48.904 mg/g extract) was present in the highest amount in the fruit, while isoquercitrin (20.38 mg/g extract) was present in the highest amount in the leaves. According to the MTT method, the leaf ethyl acetate fraction (LEF) showed the highest cytotoxic effect against Hep-3B cells at 400 µg/mL with 48.20% cell viability. The antioxidant capacity of LEF is approximately three times that of Trolox and half that of gallic acid. LEF inhibited urease with IC50: 23.42 ± 2.02 µg/mL and tyrosinase with IC50: 22.88 ± 1.02 µg/mL. With its potent biological effects, M. nigra could be a promising resource for the food industry.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10523
LAViT: Class-Aware Vision Transformer with Learnable Attention for Pest Recognition in Agricultural Fields
Tastimur, Canan; Kaya, Volkan
Insect pests pose a significant threat to agricultural productivity, making early and accurate identification essential for effective pest management. This study proposes a novel deep learning-based classification framework for multi-class pest recognition from field images. The proposed approach enhances discriminative region representation by integrating a patch embedding module, a Vision Transformer backbone, and a learnable spatial attention mask. This hybrid design enables the model to focus on critical visual cues without requiring segmentation-based preprocessing. The attention mask, learned via convolutional layers, is pooled and directly applied to Transformer-encoded patch tokens to refine spatial feature emphasis. Positional embeddings are further employed to preserve spatial context within the tokenized image representation. Experimental evaluations conducted on publicly available pest datasets with 5, 9, and 12 classes demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed framework. The model achieves accuracies of 99.67%, 99.52%, and 97.00% on the Pest5, Pest9, and Pest12 datasets, respectively, indicating strong generalization across varying classification complexities. To enhance model transparency and reliability, visual interpretability is provided through Grad-CAM and attention heatmap visualizations that reveal the model’s focus regions. Additionally, t-SNE-based feature visualization illustrates clear separability in the learned embedding space. The proposed framework shows strong potential for practical deployment in smart agriculture and precision pest monitoring systems.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10484
Valorization of fruit pits from Prunus laurocerasus and Prunus cerasifera as agro-food byproducts: Bioactive properties and safety assessment for potential food additive applications
Güven, Zühal Bayrakçeken; Karadayı, Mehmet; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Tugay, Osman; Cakir, Oguz
BACKGROUND: Food additives are widely used to extend the shelf life of foods and maintain their quality. In this study, the potential of Prunus laurocerasus and Prunus cerasifera fruit pits (endocarp and seed) as food additives was investigated in terms of cytotoxicity, antigenotoxicity, antioxidant activity, enzymatic anti-browning, and urease enzyme inhibition, and their phytochemical contents were comprehensively analyzed. RESULTS: While the extracts showed low cytotoxicity against the healthy L929 cell line, they exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in selective cytotoxicity against A549, CaCo-2, Hep3B, MCF-7, and PC-3 cells. Furthermore, the genotoxic safety of the extracts was assessed in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic model test systems. The extracts showed no cytogenotoxic or mutagenic effects in the Allium cepa and Ames/Salmonella assays. P. cerasifera endocarp ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH, CUPRAC, and TEAC: 576.24, 402.42, and 680.14 mg Trolox g−1 extract, respectively) and strong enzyme inhibition, with tyrosinase (IC50: 10.46 ± 1.48 μg mL−1) nearly comparable to kojic acid and potent urease inhibition (IC50: 28.60 ± 2.08 μg mL−1). Phytochemical analysis of the extracts was performed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, with epicatechin (10.722 mg g−1 extract) detected in the highest amount in the endocarp of P. laurocerasus and quinic acid (11.679 mg g−1 extract) detected in the endocarp of P. cerasifera. CONCLUSION: Overall, according to the conducted cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays, P. laurocerasus and P. cerasifera fruit pits were found to be safe, rich in bioactive phytochemicals, and exhibited strong antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities, highlighting their potential as sustainable functional ingredients or natural food additives.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleYalnız künye2026/r/ebyu/10476
Ecological and environmental assessment of Erzincan Districts within the scope of the biodiversity-friendly city approach
Askan, Gökhan; Yilmaz, Hasan
This study was conducted between 2022 and 2024 to develop strategies for the inventory, conservation, and sustainable management of biological diversity in urban areas of Erzincan province, encompassing six districts and one town. It also seeks to promote the use of natural plant species to create climate-resilient urban ecosystems. Field surveys, drone imaging, and plant species identification were conducted across 70 open green spaces. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index and Simpson diversity index, together with the Biodiversity-Friendly City Criteria, were applied to the Erzincan case. A total of 105 plant taxa, including 36,799 individuals, were identified, with 56% being natural and 44% exotic. Kemaliye had the highest species diversity index and while Çayirli had the lowest. The plants consisted of 54% edible-leaf broadleaf trees, 19% conifers, and the remaining being edible shrubs, small trees, and vines. Biodiversity assessments revealed that Kemaliye had the highest diversity index, and Çayirli the lowest. Districts were analyzed using the “Bio-friendly Settlement” criteria, with all districts, including Çağlayan, Çayirli, Kemah, Kemaliye, Refahiye, Tercan, and Üzümlü, showing high biodiversity characteristics. The average Bio-friendly score for the districts was 90.7 points. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index indicated that Kemaliye exhibited the highest biodiversity with a high evenness value (E = 0.896), whereas Çayirli showed the lowest diversity; this pattern was consistently supported by the Simpson diversity index results. In conclusion, the study stresses the importance of implementing conservation measures to enhance ecological sustainability in Erzincan, which also holds significant potential for agricultural landscapes and tourism. The high Bio-friendly scores of these districts underscore the need for strategies supporting ecological balance and biodiversity preservation.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10460
Comparative analysis of free amino acid concentrations in colostrum and transitional breast milk from mothers of term and preterm infantsa
Alkan Polat, Betül; Aydemir Atasever, Meryem; ATASEVER, Mustafa
This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the free amino acid (FAA) composition of human breast milk and to compare profiles between term (TBM; milk of term infants) and preterm (PBM; milk of preterm infants) samples across two lactation stages, colostrum and transitional milk. A total of 200 breast milk samples were collected on the 3rd and 10th postpartum days from 50 healthy mothers of term infants and 50 healthy mothers of preterm infants in Erzurum Province. Forty-five FAAs were quantified using a validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method. Significant differences in FAA composition were observed between TBM and PBM. Glutamic acid, the predominant FAA in all samples, was approximately 82% higher in TBM compared to PBM (p < 0.001). TBM also exhibited markedly higher levels of bioactive amines, including anserine, serotonin, and dopamine, whereas PBM was enriched in several amino acids such as aspartic acid (> 200%) and branched-chain amino acids, particularly leucine and isoleucine (p < 0.05–0.001). Among essential amino acids, histidine was more abundant in TBM, while leucine, isoleucine, lysine, and phenylalanine were significantly higher in PBM (p < 0.05–0.001). Lactation stage–dependent variations were evident in both groups. Colostrum exhibited a significantly richer FAA profile than transitional milk in both TBM and PBM (p < 0.05–0.001). In TBM, colostrum contained higher concentrations of several amino acids, including arginine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glycine, proline, serine, histidine, and valine, whereas transitional milk showed higher levels of glutamic acid, beta-alanine, beta-aminoisobutyric acid, and dopamine (p < 0.05–0.001). In PBM, colostrum was particularly enriched in essential amino acids such as lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and branched-chain amino acids, while several non-essential amino acids decreased during the transition to transitional milk (p < 0.001). Overall, these findings demonstrate that both gestational age and lactation stage significantly influence the free amino acid composition of human breast milk, highlighting distinct bioactive and nutritional profiles in term and preterm milk with potential implications for early infant nutrition.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10436
Divergent Biochemical Strategies and Organ-Specific Metabolic Adjustments in Spinach Mediated by Exogenous Amino Acids Under Salt Stress
Turfan, Nezahat; Tekşen, Kübra; Altuner, Ergin Murat; Yıldız, Faruk; Kaya, Ozkan
Understanding the physiological and biochemical responses of spinach to salt stress through amino acid supplementation is crucial for improving crop resilience under increasing soil salinity conditions. Salt stress represents one of the most severe abiotic constraints limiting vegetable crop productivity worldwide, yet comprehensive studies examining organ-specific metabolic reprogramming across entire plant systems remain limited. However, knowledge about how different amino acids mediate these responses through distinct metabolic pathways is limited. We investigated mineral nutrition, antioxidant defense systems, and secondary metabolite profiles of spinach supplemented with three amino acids (asparagine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan) under salt stress conditions. Amino acid type, salt treatment, and organ significantly influenced all measured parameters (p ≤ 0.0001). Asparagine consistently demonstrated comprehensive protective effects, excluding toxic ions while promoting calcium uptake, maintaining photosynthetic capacity, and dramatically enhancing flavonol biosynthesis (quercetin and rutin accumulation increased several-fold) under combined stress compared to other treatments. Phenylalanine excelled in ionic homeostasis restoration, achieving superior Na/K ratio reduction and enhanced phenylpropanoid pathway activation through elevated cinnamic acid biosynthesis. Tryptophan uniquely triggered exceptional divalent cation accumulation (6–10-fold increases in magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus) and maximally enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, though with notable protein synthesis trade-offs. Organ-specific accumulation patterns revealed leaves as primary sites for photosynthetic pigments and phenolic compounds, roots as storage organs for specialized flavonoids and catechins, and petioles showing exceptional rutin accumulation. These findings demonstrate that amino acid selection fundamentally reshapes metabolic priorities in salt-stressed spinach through divergent yet complementary biochemical strategies. We conclude that amino acid selection significantly influences spinach resilience to salt stress through divergent metabolic reprogramming strategies, with each amino acid offering distinct advantages depending on cultivation priorities. Differential metabolic responses between amino acids provide insights for precision agriculture applications, while the quantitative biochemical patterns identified offer valuable parameters for optimizing amino acid supplementation strategies under saline conditions.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10391
Functional Smoothie Development with Fisetin, Avocado Seed Flour, and Kiwifruit Essential Oil Obtained Using Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction (SFME)
Yilmaz, Nazife; Yangılar, Filiz
The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical, antioxidant, and sensory properties of fisetin-enriched fruit smoothies and to explore their potential as functional and health-promoting beverages. The dry matter content of the samples ranged from 12.52% to 13.03%, while the °Brix values ranged from 17.97% to 18.60%. Specifically, statistically significant increases (p < 0.05) were observed in smoothies enriched with fisetin. Sample S5, containing 4.5% fisetin, had the highest ash content (0.39%). The water activity values of the smoothies (0.30–0.38) remained below the microbial growth threshold (0.60), confirming product safety. pH values ranged from 3.46 to 3.98, and titratable acidity ranged from 0.25% to 0.43%, with sample S5 exhibiting the most acidic profile. Sample S5 had the highest viscosity and pectin values at 3057 cP and 0.85%, respectively. Sugar content was balanced with the addition of stevia and ranged from 7.55 to 11.42 g/100 g. Total phenolic content was significantly higher in sample S5 (316.52 mg GAE/L). Antioxidant capacities were highest in sample S5 with the following values: CUPRAC (8.73 mMoL Fe2⁺/100 g fw), FRAP (2.84 mMoL Trolox/100 g fw), ORAC (6.12 mMoL Trolox/100 g fw), DPPH (1.94 mMoL Trolox/100 g fw), and ABTS•+ (3.13 mMoL Trolox/100 g fw). Furthermore, sample S5 contained the highest levels of ascorbic acid (0.94 mg/100 g) and anthocyanins (18.2 mg/100 g) compared to sample S1 that served as the control group without fisetin. In contrast, sample S3, containing 1.5% fisetin, had the highest carotenoid content (62.5 µg/100 g), while sample S2, containing 1% fisetin, and sample S4, containing 3% fisetin, were superior in terms of flavonoid content compared to the other samples. Sensory evaluation revealed that sample S3 received the highest scores in terms of color and overall acceptability, while samples S4 and S5 were superior in terms of flavor and fruit taste. The research findings highlight that smoothies enriched with fisetin, particularly sample S5, could be a promising functional beverage.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10336
Sulforaphane Against the Metabolic Consequences of a High-Glycemic-Index Diet: Protective and Therapeutic Mechanisms Associated with Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Çubuk, Mihrican; Pınar, Aylin Açıkgöz; Süleyman, Bahadır; Taş, Necip Gökhan
Objective: This study investigated the effects of different doses and timing of sulforaphane (SFN) supplementation on reducing obesity induced by a high-glycemic-index diet (HGID) and on correcting poor glycemic control and dyslipidemia in C57BL/6 mice. Method: For 15 weeks, mice were administered a control diet (control), HGID, HGID + oral 5 mg/kg/day SFN (HGID + LSFN), or HGID + 20 mg/kg/day SFN (HGID + HSFN), and following 15 weeks of HGID, mice were treated with 5 mg/kg/day SFN (PO-HGID + LSFN) or 20 mg/kg/day SFN (PO-HGID + HSFN) for 5 weeks. Results: SFN reduced body weight gain and serum glucose. The lowest levels of HbA1c were observed in the control and HGID + LSFN groups. Mice in the HGID group exhibited impaired glucose clearance and were less sensitive to insulin compared to the control. A remarkable improvement in glucose and insulin tolerance was observed in both PO-HGID + SFN and HGID + SFN groups. Lipid profile parameters and serum insulin levels were found to be lower in the control and HGID + SFN groups compared to the HGID group. SFN increased serum adiponectin levels when administered concurrently with HGID. IRS1 and IRS2 levels were highest in the control and HGID + LSFN groups, and high-dose SFN supplementation suppressed IRS1 independently of timing. Exposure to HGID downregulated the expression of PGC-1α and sirtuins. SIRT1 and SIRT3 gene expressions showed a significant increase at both doses, whereas SIRT2 gene expression increased significantly only at 5 mg/kg/day SFN. FASN expression was upregulated in all HGID-fed groups with or without SFN intervention. Conclusions: SFN may reverse the adverse effects of HGID in a time- and dose-dependent manner by regulating postprandial insulin, inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and enhancing fatty acid oxidation through the activation of sirtuins and PGC-1α.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10320
Assessment of the relationship between sustainable and healthy eating behaviours, acceptance of alternative protein sources (plant-based products, mushroom protein, algae, artificial meat, edible insects) and food neophobia in young adults; [Evaluación de la relación entre hábitos alimentarios sostenibles y saludables, la aceptación de fuentes alternativas de proteínas (productos vegetales, proteína de hongos, algas, carne artificial, insectos comestibles) y la neofobia alimentaria en adultos jóvenes]
Yılmaz, Sevil Karahan; Güldüren, Sümeyye
Introduction: a growing world population, constraints on natural resources and changing nutritional preferences all point to the need to find an alternative to traditional animal protein sources however food neophobia can come to the fore in this process. Objetive: this study aims to evaluate the relationship between sustainable and healthy eating behaviours, acceptance of alternative protein sources and food neophobia in young adults. Methods: individuals filled out a questionnaire form including self-descriptive information, questions about acceptance of alternative protein sources, Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviours Scale and Food Neophobia Scale. Results: the study included 475 individuals, 132 (27.8 %) males and 343 (72.2 %) females, with a mean age of 24.6 ± 4.1 years. The mean scores of sustainable and healthy eating behaviours scale were 4.1 ± 0.8 and 4.2 ± 1.1 for male and female students, respectively. A significant relationship was found between the local food factor scores of the participants according to gender (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the food neophobia scale scores of individuals according to gender (p < 0.05). The acceptance of plant-based protein sources from alternative protein sources as an alternative to animal-based proteins was higher, while edible insects were not accepted by any participant. Conclusion: growing world population, increasing demand for animal protein, constraints in natural resources and changing dietary preferences necessitate finding an alternative to traditional animal protein sources and sustainable and healthy nutrition education in young adults is considered necessary for environmental and health sustainability.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10318
Enhancing pepper resilience to tebucanozole stress: role of copper and Bacillus subtilis microorganisms
Elveren, Müjgan; Osma, Etem; Varol, Tuğçe; Yaman, Mehmet; Öztürk, Halil İbrahim
Background: In this study, 75 and 100 ppm tebuconazole was applied to pepper seedlings and stress was created. Applications containing Bacillus subtilis, copper and Bacillus subtilis-copper combination were made to reduce the effect of stress on plants. Results: In both tebuconazole doses, significant decreases were observed in plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area and dry and fresh weights of plants and roots (63%, 37%, 40%, 45%, 27% and 26% respectively). However, bacteria, copper, and combination applications significantly reduced these negative effects; especially, copper-bacteria combination at 75 ppm (K4) and bacteria-only application at 100 ppm (K6) were the most effective in reducing stress. Tebuconazole applications increased oxidative stress and significant increases were detected in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities. The highest CAT activity was recorded in the group treated with bacteria (K6) under 100 ppm stress, indicating that antioxidant defenses were strengthened. Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids) were decreased by tebuconazole stress but were significantly preserved by bacterial and copper treatments. While EC (electrolyte conductivity) value increased due to stress, bacteria and copper applications had a positive effect by decreasing EC values. While tebuconazole stress disrupted the balance of some elements, mineral levels were rebalanced after ameliorative applications, and increases were determined in important elements such as Mn, Mg and B. According to the correlation analysis, significant positive correlations were determined between growth parameters, pigment contents and antioxidant enzyme activities. Conclusions: As a result, Bacillus subtilis and copper applications provided a decrease in toxicity due to stress and increased antioxidant enzyme activity. In addition, ameliorative applications provided protection in photosynthetic pigments and increased cell membrane integrity. These findings indicate that the use of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and micronutrients such as copper (Cu) at appropriate concentrations may be beneficial as sustainable solutions against fungicide stress.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10307
Quality Parameters and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Levels in Hazelnut-Based Dulce de Leche With Orange Essential Oil Infusion
Yangılar, Filiz
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of orange essential oil on the rheological, physicochemical, and sensory properties of jam formulations, with the aim of enhancing product quality and consumer acceptance while exploring its potential for industrial application. Rheological analysis revealed that the consistency index (k) values ranged from 28.17 to 31.47 Pa.s, and the flow behavior index (n) values were between 0.21 and 0.33, indicating pseudoplastic flow behavior. The high determination coefficients (R2 = 0.96–0.99) confirmed the reliability of the rheological model applied. The concentration of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a thermal degradation marker, varied from 16.30 to 44.65 mg/kg, reflecting differences in heat treatment. Colorimetric parameters showed significant variation, with L* values between 35.3 and 53.2, a* values from −0.84 to −1.34, and b* values ranging from 3.78 to 11.3. Textural analysis presented a statistically significant interaction between formulation (p < 0.05), with the control sample exhibiting superior firmness, consistency, and cohesiveness. Samples A and C were most preferred in terms of sensory attributes due to their balanced flavor profiles, desirable texture, and enhanced overall acceptability. These findings highlight the potential of orange essential oil as a natural flavoring and functional ingredient in jam production. Furthermore, strategic optimization of formulation processes to facilitate high-quality production should also be a primary focus of industrial research in the food field.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10298
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Dietary Fat and Free Sugar-Short Questionnaire (DFS-TR) in Adults: A Validity and Reliability Study
Özenir, Çiler; Çubuk, Mihrican; Altınsoy, Canan; Ağagündüz, Duygu
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate the Dietary Fat and Free Sugar-Short Questionnaire (DFS) into Turkish (DFS-TR) and to establish its construct validity and reliability. Methods: Quota sampling was used to ensure demographic homogeneity across gender and age groups. Participant distribution by age categories was proportionally aligned with the demographic statistics of the adult Turkish population. The study comprised 314 participants aged 19–64 years (38.78 ± 12.10), of which 54.5% were female. The data collection form consisted of demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, information on eating habits, DFS-TR, the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and the Power of Food Scale (PFS). Results: Test–retest reliability was confirmed in the 314 participants with a 4-week interval (r = 0.997, p < 0.01). The Cronbach α reliability coefficient was α = 0.777. Using the split-half method, the correlation coefficient between the two halves was 0.681, the Spearman–Brown coefficient was 0.811, and the Guttman coefficient was 0.809. Participants’ total DFS-TR scores and sub-dimension scores varied according to age, education level, income level, anthropometric characteristics, physical activity, and dietary habits, but did not vary according to gender or marital status. To investigate convergent validity, participants’ DFS-TR scores were correlated with the FFQ and PFS. DFS-TR scores showed a significant correlation with the percentage of energy from saturated fat and free sugar assessed by the FFQ. Positive relationships were found between DFS-TR scores and the total PFS score, particularly with the sub-dimension scores for food available and food present. Conclusions: The DFS-TR can be used as a reliable and valid measurement tool for estimating saturated fat and free sugar intake among Turkish adults.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10283
Estimation of the pan evaporation coefficient in semi-arid climate conditions via machines learning models
Achite, Mohammed; Katipoğlu, Okan Mert; Vishwakarma, Dinesh Kumar; Pandey, Kusum; Salem, Ali; Elbeltagi, Ahmed
In this study, class A pan coefficient (KPan) values were simulated via five machine learning models, namely the ANN, the AAN-REPTree, the ANN-SMO SVM, the ANN-Linear regression, and the ANN-Bagging model, by using daily meteorological data of the meteorological station of Ouled Ben Abdelkader region, which has semi-arid microclimate in the northwest region of Algeria. To determine the optimal combination of inputs, a variety of input-target pairs were tested by a variety of machine learning models, resulting in seven possible input scenarios: Tmean, RHmin, RHmax and Wind Speed were found to be the best input combinations. The results of models were analyzed (i.e., correlation coefficient (R), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), relative absolute error (RAE), root relative squared error (RRSE)) to find their accuracy. As the best optimal condition, four input variables were introduced for the models ANN, ANN-REPTree, ANN-SMO SVM, ANN-Linear regression, and ANN-Bagging, with R = 0.9941 and 0.984, MAE = 0.0018 and 0.0037, RMSE = 0.0068 and 0.0016, RAE = 3.8863 and 7.6858, and RRSE = 10.9301 and 18.0686 in the training and testing phases, respectively. This hybrid model (ANN-Bagging) has demonstrated its utility in a scenario where there is a strong connection among the variables which includes KPan, and its feasibility to display the model in a feasible state.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele
ArticleAçık Erişim2026/r/ebyu/10167
The Impact of Agricultural Value Added and Energy Consumption on Economic Growth in Türkiye: An Empirical Analysis; [Türkiye’de Tarımsal Katma Değer ile Enerji Tüketiminin Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkileri: Ampirik Bir Analiz]
Akın, Fatih; Dinçer, Selin
Climate change, global warming, natural disasters, wars, and global crises, which threaten the world's food supply, have made the agricultural sector fragile and strategically important, especially over the last century. Accordingly, it has become even more crucial for countries to have a strong agricultural infrastructure to ensure food security, maintain social stability, and reduce external dependence. In developing countries, in particular, the agricultural sector plays a critical role through functions such as job creation, reducing income inequality, and contributing to economic growth. For the Türkiye economy, the agricultural sector has historically been one of the cornerstones of the economic structure, providing raw materials to the industrial sector, supporting rural development, creating employment, and generating exports and foreign exchange earnings. On the other hand, energy consumption has become an indispensable element of production processes today. This study examines the impact of agricultural value added, gross fixed capital investment, and energy consumption on economic growth in Türkiye during the period 1968–2023 using the Fourier Engle-Granger cointegration test, Fourier Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Fourier Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and Fourier Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR) methods. The results of the Fourier Engle-Granger cointegration test reveal a long-term relationship among the variables. The Fourier FMOLS, Fourier DOLS, and Fourier CCR estimation results indicate that agricultural value added, gross fixed capital investment, and energy consumption have positive and statistically significant effects on economic growth in both the short and long term.
RDL Kalıcı Kaydıİncele