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  • ArticleYalnız künye2014
    Effects of exogenous nitric oxide in wheat seedlings under chilling stress

    Esim, Nevzat; Atici, Okkes; Mutlu, Salih

    The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on chilling tolerance (contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2 –) and lipid peroxidation level (malondialdehyde, MDA)) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT)) were investigated in the leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to chilling. NO treatment was carried out through spraying of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), which is a donor of NO. To do this, SNP concentrations of 0.1 and 1 mM were applied on the leaves of 11-day plants and the plants were then exposed to chilling conditions (5/2°C) for 3 days. The chilling stress treatment increased both the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of MDA, H2O2and O2 –. Similarly, NO treatment enhanced SOD, POX and CAT activities under chilling stress, whereas it decreased H2O2and O2 –contents as well as MDA level. The most effective concentration was determined as 0.1 mM SNP. Exogenous SNP application as a donor of NO was found to have an important ameliorative effect on cold tolerance of seedling exposed to chilling stress by stimulating antioxidant enzyme activity.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2014
    β-Carotene contents and quality properties of set type yoghurt supplemented with carrot juice and sugar

    Cakmakci, Songul; Tahmas-Kahyaoglu, Deren; Erkaya, Tuba; Cebi, Kadir; Hayaloglu, Ali Adnan

    The purpose of this study was to enhance the color and sensory quality and β-carotene content of yoghurt by addition of carrot juice (CJ). Yoghurt samples were produced using cow's milk with the addition of sugar (10%, w/v) and sugar-free (control), 15% CJ, 15% CJ plus 10% sugar, 20% CJ and 20% CJ plus 10% sugar and stored at 4±1C. The chemical composition was determined after the first day; however, viscosity, syneresis, titratable acidity, pH, yeast and mould counts, color measurements, β-carotene contents and sensory qualities of yoghurt samples were determined after 1, 7, 14 and 21 days. The highest and lowest β-carotene amounts were determined in CJ20 (130.39μg/100g) and the control (2.87μg/100g) samples, respectively, at 14 days of storage. Depending on the concentration of CJ, β-carotene contents and color intensity values were high in the yoghurt samples with CJ. The yoghurt sample with 15% CJ and 10% sugar was the most favorable for all sensory attributes. Practical Application: The purpose of this study is to enhance the color and sensory quality and β-carotene content of yoghurt by addition of CJ. The addition of CJ improved the nutritional value of yoghurt in terms of β-carotene. The increment of CJ ratio increased β-carotene contents and color intensity values of yoghurts. Yoghurt sample with 15% CJ and 10% sugar was the most favorable by the panelists.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleYalnız künye2013
    Alleviation of high salt toxicity-induced oxidative damage by salicylic acid pretreatment in two wheat cultivars

    Mutlu, Salih; Atici, Ökkeş

    Role of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) in the antioxidative response to salt toxicity of two wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars (Gerek-79 and Bezostaya) was investigated. Hydroponic growth environment of 10-day wheat seedlings grown under normal conditions (22/20°C) was adjusted to 0.0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 M of salt (NaCl), and then freshly prepared SA solutions (0.0, 0.01 and 0.1 mM) were once sprayed on leaves of the same seedlings. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT) were determined in fresh leaves obtained from 15-day seedlings. Treatment with SA alone increased all the antioxidant activities in Gerek-79. However, the same treatments with SA decreased the activities of CAT and SOD in Bezostaya, while increased that of POX. Salt applications alone increased the activities of POX and SOD, while decreased that of CAT in Bezostaya. The same salt applications increased the POX activity, while decreased the activities of CAT and SOD in Gerek-79. In plants under saline conditions, except 0.75 M NaCl, treatments with SA increased the activities of CAT, POX and SOD in both the varieties compared with plants applied salt alone. In plants applied with 0.75 M NaCl, however, treatments with SA decreased CAT activity. Results showed that salt toxicity caused a derangement in the regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities by decreasing CAT activity especially in both the varieties, but treatments with SA could turn back the derangement in the antioxidative enzymes caused by salt toxicity. SA can involve in increasing salt tolerance by regulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes in wheat cultivars exposed to salt toxicity.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2013
    Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of cherry stem (Cerasus avium L.) determined by LC-MS/MS

    Bursal, Ercan; Köksal, Ekrem; Gülçin, Ilhami; Bilsel, Gökhan; Gören, Ahmet C.

    In this study, the antioxidant and antiradical properties of cherry stem (Cerasus avium L.) were examined. The ferric thiocyanate method, ferric ion (Fe3+) and cupric ion (Cu2+) reducing assays and ferrous ions (Fe3+) chelating assay were used in order to measure the antioxidant activity of the plant. Also, its antiradical activity was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Additionally, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the plant were determined. It was indicated that, both the water extract of cherry stem (WECS) and ethanol extract of cherry stem (EECS) have both antioxidant and antiradical properties, and there is a correlation between these properties and the phenolic and flavonoid contents. Quantities of caffeic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin, α-tocopherol, pyrogallol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillin, p-coumaric acid, gallic acid and ascorbic acid were detected by high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This study will bring an innovation for further studies conducted on the antioxidant properties of WECS and EECS.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleYalnız künye2013
    Genotoxic effects of catmint (Nepeta meyeri Benth.) essential oils on some weed and crop plants

    Kekeç, Güzin; Mutlu, Salih; Alpsoy, Lokman; Sakçali, M. Serdal; Atici, Ökkeş

    This study investigates the genotoxicity of the essential oils extracted from the aerial parts of catmint (Nepeta meyeri Benth.) against two weeds (Bromus danthoniae and Lactuca serriola) and two crop plants (Brassica napus and Zea mays). The essential oils of N. meyeri analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry contained 14 compounds, with 4aα, 7α, 7aβ-nepetalactone (83.4%), 4aα, 7α, and 7aα-nepetalactone (8.83%) as the major components. The oils were diluted (25, 50, 100, and 150 ppm) and the solutions were applied to seeds or leaves of these plants. The study compared the germination percentage and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) results with the control group. The results showed that the oils had a strong inhibitory activity and caused a change in RAPD profiles in terms of variation in band intensity, loss of bands, and appearance of new bands compared with the control group. The results suggested that RAPD analysis could be applied as a suitable biomarker assay for the detection of genotoxic effects of plant allelochemicals. This study indicates the genotoxical potential of N. meyeri essential oils on weed and crop plants.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2013
    Time-dependent effect of salicylic acid on alleviating cold damage in two barley cultivars differing in cold tolerance

    Mutlu, Salih; Karadaǧoǧlu, Ömer; Atici, Ökkeş; Taşǧin, Esen; Nalbantoǧlu, Barbaros

    The time-dependent effect of salicylic acid (SA) on alleviating cold damage in the Tokak (tolerant) and Akhisar (sensitive) varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare) was investigated. Seedlings subjected to 0.0, 0.1, and 1 mM SA for 7 days were transferred to cold (7/5 °C) on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 for 3 days. It was found that 0.1 mM SA had a greater alleviating effect, decreasing the freezing injury in both varieties for at least 10 days after the application. Moreover, 0.1 mM SA had a greater effect on alleviation in Tokak by increasing the ice nucleation activity of apoplastic proteins extracted from the leaves. SA was effective for at least 24 days in decreasing the effect of freezing temperature by regulating apoplastic proteins in the leaves after the application. Furthermore, 0.1 and 1 mM SA had an alleviating effect by decreasing the lipid peroxidation level in both varieties for at least 24 days after the application. It can be seen that SA treatment can play a positive role in alleviating cold damage in barley. Therefore, it is suggested that results from SA treatments may contribute to research related to diminishing cold damage in agricultural applications.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2013
    Protective role of salicylic acid applied before cold stress on antioxidative system and protein patterns in barley apoplast

    Mutlu, S.; Karadaǧoǧlu, Ö.; Atici, Ö.; Nalbantoǧlu, B.

    This study was carried out to better understand the role of salicylic acid (SA) applied before cold stress in the cold tolerance mechanism. Two barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars, cold-sensitive (Akhisar) and cold-tolerant (Tokak), were used and 0.1 mM SA was applied to 7-d-old barley seedlings growing under control conditions (20/18 °C). The seedlings were transferred to cold chamber (7/5 °C) at the age 14, 21, and 28 d. After three days, the leaves were harvested to determine the activities of apoplastic antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX) and ice nucleation activity and electrophoretic patterns of apoplastic proteins. Cold treatment decreased the activities of all enzymes in cold-sensitive cultivar, however, it increased CAT and POX activities in cold-tolerant cultivar. Exogenous SA increased enzyme activities in both cultivars. Ice nucleation activity increased by cold treatment, especially in 17-d-old seedlings in both cultivars. In addition, SA treatment increased ice nucleation activity in all examined samplings in both cultivars. SA treatment caused accumulation or de novo synthesis of some apoplastic proteins. The results of the present study show that exogenous SA can improve cold tolerance by regulating the activities of apoplastic antioxidative enzymes, ice nucleation activity, and the patterns of apoplastic proteins.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2013
    Soil-plant relations in the annual Gypsophila (Caryopyhllaceae) taxa of Turkey

    Korkmaz, Mustafa; Özçelik, Hasan

    The soil properties of the annual Gypsophila L. taxa of Turkey and their effects on plant morphology were investigated. The taxa studied were Gypsophila heteropoda Freyn & Sint., G. parva Barkoudah, G. elegans M.Bieb., G. bitlisensis Barkoudah, G. viscosa Murray, G. antari Post & Beauverd, G. muralis L., G. tubulosa (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss., G. confertifolia Hub.-Mor., and G. pilosa Hudson. The soils of the plant taxa were medium textured, sand or sandy-loam, saltless or a little salty, neutral, limy, rich in potassium and with very little phosphorous, and with medium levels of nitrogen and organic matter. G. antari, which had the greatest lime content, had the lowest number of leaves. G. muralis and G. tubulosa had the lowest saturation values and lime content but the greatest number of leaves. If the lime content increased, the development of roots decreased, and when the rate of sand increased, the development of roots increased. For G. muralis, phosphorus concentration, seed size, and salt content were negatively related to number of leaves. For G. tubulosa and G. antari, potassium and organic matter concentrations were negatively related to number of leaves. In G. muralis, salt content was positively related to calyx diameter and seed size. In G. confertifolia, organic matter content was positively correlated with height of the calyx, petal, and bract. It was observed that G. pilosa, G. bitlisensis, and G. viscosa species are also distributed in limeless steppe areas. The most important distribution areas of the species in Turkey are Sivas, Erzincan, Çanki{dotless}ri{dotless}, Eskişehir, and Ankara.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    • SDG 15 · Karasal Yaşam
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  • ArticleYalnız künye2013
    Determination of the genotoxic effects of Convolvulus arvensis extracts on corn (Zea mays L.) seeds

    Sunar, Serap; Yildirim, Nalan; Aksakal, Ozkan; Agar, Guleray

    In this research, the methanolic extracts of Convolvulus arvensis were tested for genotoxic and inhibitor activity on the total soluble protein content and the genomic template stability against corn Zea mays L. seed. The methanol extracts of leaf, stem and root of C. arvensis were diluted to 50, 75 and 100 μl concentrations and applied to corn seed. The total soluble protein and genomic template stability results were compared with the control. The results showed that especially 100 μl extracts of diluted leaf, stem and root had a strong inhibitory activity on the genomic template stability. The changes occurred in random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles of C. arvensis extract treatment included variation in band intensity, loss of bands and appearance of new bands compared with control. Also, the results obtained from this study revealed that the increase in the concentrations of C. arvensis extract increased the total soluble protein content in maize. The results suggested that RAPD analysis and total protein analysis could be applied as a suitable biomarker assay for the detection of genotoxic effects of plant allelochemicals.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2013
    PCR detection of Brucella abortus in cow milk samples collected from Erzurum, Turkey

    Arasoǧlu, Tülin; Güllüce, Medine; Özkan, Hakan; Adigüzel, Ahmet; Şahin, Fikrettin

    Aim: In this study, we designed and used 2 different type-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for the detection of Brucella abortus. Materials and methods: There were 2 different primer sets (B4/B5 and AF/AR) selected and used for the amplification of 2 different genes that are present in all biovars of Brucella species, including bcsp31, encoding 31-kDa immunogenic cell surface proteins, and omp25, which is known to be one of the virulence factors encoding outer membrane proteins of 26-23 kDa. Results: The results showed that 273 (81.7%) and 317 (94.9%) out of 334 milk samples were positive for brucellosis, as detected by either both or one of the primer sets used in the present study, respectively. The detection limit of PCR assays for Brucella in milk samples was determined as 5 pg DNA for both of the primer sets. Conclusion: These results suggest that the use of the specific PCR assay with the primer sets used in the study is a rapid, reliable, and accurate technique in comparison to traditional and conventional methods for the detection and diagnosis of Brucella spp. in milk samples.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2013
    Concentrations of preptin, salusins and hepcidins in plasma and milk of lactating women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus

    Aydin, Suleyman; Celik, Onder; Gurates, Bilgin; Sahin, Ibrahim; Ulas, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Musa; Kalayci, Mehmet; Kuloglu, Tuncay; Catak, Zekiye; Aksoy, Aziz

    This study was undertaken to ascertain whether human milk contains preptin, salusin-alpha (salusin-α) and -beta (salusin-β) and pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25, and whether there are relationships between plasma and milk preptin, salusin-α and -β and pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25 concentrations in lactating mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Blood was obtained from non-lactating women (n = 12), non-diabetic lactating women (n = 12), and GDM lactating women (n = 12). Colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk samples were collected just before suckling from healthy and GDM lactating women. Peptides concentrations were determined by ELISA and EIA. Mammary gland tissues were screened immunohistochemically for these peptides. Women with GDM had significantly higher plasma and colostum preptin concentrations than healthy lactating women during the colostral and transitional milk period. Salusin-alpha and -beta levels in milk and plasma were lower in women with GDM. Salusin-α and -β were significantly lower in both plasma and colostrums of GDM than of healthy lactating women. Women with GDM had significantly higher colostum prohepcidin and hepcidin-25 concentrations than healthy lactating women during the colostral period. Plasma prohepcidin was also higher in women with GDM than in healthy lactating women during the colostral period, but plasma prohepcidin and hepcidin-25 levels decreased during mature milk period. Transitional milk pro-hepcidin and hepcidin-25 levels in women with GDM were higher than in healthy lactating women. All these results revealed that the mammary gland produces those peptides, which were present in milk at levels correlating with plasma concentrations.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2013
    The comparative effects of genetically modified maize and conventional maize on rats; [Genetik olarak deǧiştirilmiş mısır ve konvensiyonel mısırın sıçanlardaki etkilerinin karşılaştırılması]

    Kiliçgün, Hasan; Gürsul, Cebrail; Sunar, Mukadder; Gökşen, Gülden

    Aim: Genetically modified crops have a potential to solve many of the world's nutrition problems. On the other hand, the impact of these novel crops on environmental, animal and human health should be tested and their risk assessment is required. In this study, the aim of this study was to investigate the positive or possible negative effects of genetically modified maize on offspring rats which were between the start of dry food feeding and the time interval until they reached puberty. Material and Method: Thirty Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The rats were fed with transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis maize and conventional maize during 40 days. After the experimental period, the length, height and weight of organs and serum chemistry and hematology values were measured. Results: The length, height and weight of liver, spleen, lung and kidneys in Bacillus thuringiensis maize group of rats were different from those in control and conventional groups. When mean values of serum chemistry and hematology parameters, which were glucose, urea, total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chlorine were examined, some obvious differences were found between the rats fed with transgenic maize and its conventional counterpart and control groups. Discussion: The results of this study showed that Bacillus thuringiensis maize may not only have an effect on the length, height and weight of organs of the maturing term of rats but also lead to alterations in serum chemistry and hematology values.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2012
    Heavy metals accumulation in some vegetables and soils in Istanbul; [İstanbul'da bazı sebzeler ve topraklarda aǧır metal birikimi]

    Osma, Etem; Serin, Memduh; Leblebici, Zeliha; Aksoy, Ahmet

    This work was designed to assess the concentration of six toxic metals in the soil and in unwashed and washed samples of different vegetable species (Petroselinum crispum, Brassica oleraceae var. acephala, Beta vulgaris var. cicla collected from six different sites (stream side, inner city, industrial, suburban, roadside, and rural) in Istanbul in 2007. Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined by using ICP-OES. It was found that the average highest values of metal accumulations were detected in unwashed samples. The correlation was significant between metal accumulations and the sites, where the vegetables were grown, in the industrial areas and along the roadsides. The highest and lowest average values in the vegetables varied between 0.24-0.89 μg/g dw for Cd, 3.73-14.04 μg/g dw for Cr, 1.47-5.19 μg/g dw for Cu, 3.13-13.65 μg/g dw for Ni, 29.28-87.00 μg/g dw for Pb, and 3.48-5.74 μg/g dw for Zn. The pattern of total metal contrations in the vegetables followed Pb>Cr>Ni>Zn>Cu>Cd.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2011
    Genetic diversity in wild sweet cherries (Prunus avium) in Turkey revealed by SSR markers

    Ercisli, S.; Agar, G.; Yildirim, N.; Duralija, B.; Vokurka, A.; Karlidag, H.

    Wild sweet cherry (Prunus avium) trees are abundant in the northern part of Turkey, including the Coruh Valley. We analyzed 18 wild sweet cherry genotypes collected from diverse environments in the upper Coruh Valley in Turkey to determine genetic variation, using 10 SSR primers. These SSR primers generated 46 alleles; the number of alleles per primer ranged from 3 to 7, with a mean of 4.6. The primer PS12A02 gave the highest number of polymorphic bands (N = 7), while CPSCT010, UDAp-401 and UDAp-404 gave the lowest number (N = 3). Seven groups were separated in the dendrogram, although most of the genotypes did not cluster according to phenological and morphological traits. This level of genetic diversity in these wild sweet cherry genotypes is very high and therefore these trees would be useful as breeders for crosses between cultivated sweet cherry and wild genotypes.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2011
    The protective role of zinc and calcium in Vicia faba seedlings subjected to cadmium stress

    Taspinar, M. Sinan; Agar, Guleray; Alpsoy, Lokman; Yildirim, Nalan; Bozari, Sedat; Sevsay, Sevgi

    The aim of the present study was to evidence the possible antagonistic effect of Zinc (Zn2+) and Calcium (Ca2+) against cadmium (Cd2+)-induced DNA damage by using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and metabolic activities in Vicia faba. The results showed that all doses of Cd2+(10-3M, 10-5M) caused an increase in polymorphism value and a decrease in genomic template stability (GTS %). In addition, when 10-4-10-6M Ca2+, 10-6M Zn2+were added together with 10-3M, 10-4M, 10-5M of Cd2+, polymorphism value decreased besides GTS, total protein and chlorophyll content increased. Results suggested that Zn2+and Ca2+have an antagonistic effect against Cd2+. The order of the antagonisms of Ca2+, Zn2+against Cd2+toxicity was Ca2+> Zn2+. Especially, the degree of antagonistic effect of Zn2+against Cd2+is probably related to its concentration ratio.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2011
    Peroxidase from leaves of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea): Partial purification and some biochemical properties

    Köksal, E.

    In present study, it is aimed to purify peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7; donor: Hydrogen peroxide oxidoreductase) from leaves of spinach and determine its some biochemical properties. Peroxidase is an oxidoreductase enzyme produced by a number of organisms. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is an edible flowering plant in the family of Amaranthaceae and is heavily consumed all over the world. Peroxidase enzyme was purified from Leaves of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) by ammonium sulphate precipitation and CM-Sephadex ion-exchange chromatography. Km (Michaelis constant) and Vmax (The maximum velocity of an enzymatic reaction) values were calculated from the Lineweaver-Burk graph for catechol and guaiacol substrates and the substrate specificity of the enzyme was investigated. The results have shown that guaiacol is a better substrate from catechol for this enzyme. Furthermore, for the guaiacol substrate, optimum pH, optimum temperature, optimum ionic strength, stable pH, conditions were determined.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleYalnız künye2011
    Essential oils of catmint (Nepeta meyeri Benth.) induce oxidative stress in early seedlings of various weed species

    Mutlu, Salih; Atici, Ökkeş; Esim, Nevzat; Mete, Ebru

    The essential oils from the aerial parts of catmint (Nepeta meyeri Benth.) were analyzed by hydrodistillation with GC-MS. Fourteen compounds were identified in the yellowish essential oil of the plant, representing more than 99.07% of the oil, of which the major components were found to be 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone (83.4%) and 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone (8.83%). The oils were characterized by relatively high content of oxygenated monoterpenes, and were tested on the germination and antioxidative systems in early seedlings of seven weed species (Amaranthus retroflexus L., Bromus danthoniae Trin., Bromus intermedius Guss., Chenopodium album L., Cynodon dactylon L., Lactuca serriola L., and Portulaca oleracea L.) and autotoxicity. The essential oil of N. meyeri inhibited seed germination by more than 50% in three weed species (B. danthoniae, B. intermedius, and L. serriola) when applied at a concentration of 0.01%. When the same oils were applied at 0.02% concentration, the inhibition of germination was more than 70% in two weeds (C. album and C. dactylon) and was 100% in four weeds (A. retroflexus, B. danthoniae, B. intermedius, and L. serriola). The essential oils increased CAT activity in all the weed species and decreased SOD activity, except in A. retroflexus. POX activity did not exhibit a revealing situation in the weed species tested. The essential oils increased the level of lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in all the weeds studied. Our results show that the essential oils of N. meyeri have an important phytotoxic effect on seed germination and, consequently, seedling growth by exhausting antioxidative system of the weeds. The phytotoxic activity of the essential oils may be attributed to their relatively high content of oxygenated monoterpenes, especially 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone. It can be suggest that the essential oils of N. meyeri have the potential to be used as a bioherbicide.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2011
    Investigation of the protective effects of vitamin C, Iron and desferrioxamine on heat stress resistance in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans

    Kiliçgün, Hasan; Olgun, Abdullah; Köksal, Zeynep

    The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Vitamin C (Vit. C), iron, the iron chelating agent desferrioxamine (DF) and their most effective dose combinations on thermotolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Due to the fact that studies on aging and lifespan take long time, thermotolerance was used as a first step analysis for using the time more effectively. The data of this study showed that when compared with the control group, the use of vitamin C, DF and iron alone or their combinations were associated with an increase in the survival of C. elegans under heat shock. However, the treatment with DF and its combinations resulted in a survival rate significantly higher than the other combinations. The results of our study suggested that under conditions of heat stress, treatment of DF has the most significant beneficial effect on survival of C. elegans, suggesting some possible pleiotropic mechanisms other than iron chelation.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
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  • ArticleYalnız künye2010
    The Determination of the Genotoxic Effects of Genistein that an Environmental Pollutant on Drosophila Melanogaster

    Askin, Hakan; Uysal, Handan; Altun, Deniz; Ayar, Arif

    Genistein is a phytoestrogen that aquatic environment contaminant and is found in a wide variety of plant-derived foods especially in soybeans and soy-based foods. In this study, the potential genotoxic effects of genistein which available from several factories waste were researched via using Drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART). Third-instar larvae trans-heterozygous for two genetic markers mwh and flr, were treated by different concentrations (1, 3, 5 ve 10 mu M) of genistein. According to our results, depending on the concentration increased, especially in small single type, the total mwh and the total clones positive results were observed. Consequently, the results of this study indicate that genistein was highly genotoxic in the SMART assay.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • ArticleAçık Erişim2009
    Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of bitter and sweet apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernels

    Yiǧit, D.; Yiǧit, N.; Mavi, A.

    The present study describes the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of methanol and water extracts of sweet and bitter apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernels. The antioxidant properties of apricot kernels were evaluated by determining radical scavenging power, lipid peroxidation inhibition activity and total phenol content measured with a DPPH test, the thiocyanate method and the Folin method, respectively. In contrast to extracts of the bitter kernels, both the water and methanol extracts of sweet kernels have antioxidant potential. The highest percent inhibition of lipid peroxidation (69%) and total phenolic content (7.9 ± 0.2 μg/mL) were detected in the methanol extract of sweet kernels (Hasanbey) and in the water extract of the same cultivar, respectively. The antimicrobial activities of the above extracts were also tested against human pathogenic microorganisms using a disc-diffusion method, and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of each active extract were determined. The most effective antibacterial activity was observed in the methanol and water extracts of bitter kernels and in the methanol extract of sweet kernels against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the methanol extracts of the bitter kernels were very potent against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (0.312 mg/mL MIC value). Significant anti-candida activity was also observed with the methanol extract of bitter apricot kernels against Candida albicans, consisting of a 14 mm in diameter of inhibition zone and a 0.625 mg/mL MIC value.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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