SDG 11 · Sürdürülebilir Şehirler ve Topluluklar · SDG · Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi

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ArticleAçık Erişim2024/r/ebyu/11821
Performance Comparison of Various Tunnel Lighting Scenarios on Driver Lane-Changing Behaviours in a Driving Simulator
Ozturk, Omer Faruk; Mazlum, Yusuf; Aydin, Metin Mutlu; Coruh, Emine; Bayata, Halim Ferit
Recent advances in tunnel infrastructure have emphasized safety, operational efficiency and low operating costs. Modern tunnels are equipped with systems to improve both safety and operational performance. This study investigates the effect of tunnel lighting and vehicle breakdown scenarios on driver lane changing behaviour (LCB) using a driving simulator modelled on the third longest twin-tube tunnel. Data were collected from 125 drivers considering various driver characteristics with different lighting conditions and the presence of a stopped vehicle in a lane. The results show that drivers tend to slow down and change lanes more safely in response to red and flashing lights. In contrast, blue sky lights, which are designed to reduce stress and compare with other dangerous scenarios, had no significant effect on LCB. In addition, demographic factors such as gender and previous simulator experience played a role in influencing LCB tendencies. Female drivers and those familiar with simulators showed more cautious behaviour. The findings showed valuable insights into how tunnel lighting systems can improve safety. Results highlighted the potential for dynamic lighting and targeted driver training programs to improve tunnel safety. All these findings may contribute to ongoing efforts to improve traffic management and reduce accidents in tunnel environments.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2024/r/ebyu/11784
Performance of steel protective structure for historical masonry aqueducts against rockfall: Numerical and field studies
Cosgun, Suleyman Istemihan; Nasery, Mohammad Manzoor
This study investigates the design and impact performance of novel steel protection system intended to safeguard historical masonry aqueducts from damage caused by hazardous rocks. The historical aqueduct under consideration is located on the Sumela Monastery campus. To achieve this, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetric model of the study area and identified all risky blocks along with their real positions. Subsequently, we conducted 3200 probabilistic rockfall analyses in eight critical trajectories with four different rock sizes to calculate the velocity, kinetic energy, and run-out distance of fallen blocks. In the second part of the study, finite element models of the steel protective structure were created using Abaqus software. A nonlinear dynamic impact analysis method was applied to analyze nine rockfall scenarios with two different geometries and four different sizes. Based on the rockfall and impact analyses, sections of the protection structure were designed using plastic design criteria. The steel protection structure for aqueducts demonstrated high effectiveness against rockfall, with a risk index (Ir) ranging from 0.93 to 1.00 (except for the upper end of the column–beam connection impacts). Even in these scenarios, the structure provided protection by reducing rock energy and altering its trajectory. In the third part, a steel structure was constructed in the field, and a rock cleaning process was carried out. During rock cleaning, punctures occurred while breaking sharp rocks. To mitigate this risk, a parametric study was conducted using a steel angle stopper. The proposed simple steel angle stopper effectively reduced rockfall damage to historical structures by blocking rock passages and rapidly reducing kinetic energy. Ultimately, during the removal of 5000 m³ of hazardous rocks, no damage was inflicted on the historical structure. The protection system showed a near 100 % success rate in safeguarding the aqueduct. This temporary structure can be employed to protect historical structures from rockfall hazards.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/20271
Trends of changing land use dynamics in the Terkos Lake basin between 1980 and 2023 and their impact on natural ecosystems
Şenol, Celal; Taş, Mehmet Akif
Anthropogenic processes are one of the main causes of environmental change in this century. As an indicator of man’s struggle for dominance over nature, the environment has been directly affected. These changes, which we encounter in every region of the place where we live, on a local and global scale, and which are due to man, cause the natural cycle of ecosystems to be disrupted. As in Türkiye in general, land use changes in the study area under the influence of direct and indirect factors in some regions are very rapid. No matter how much effort are made to control them, factors that have a direct impact on the environment, such as population growth, agriculture, industrial facilities, and the design of transport infrastructure, are the most important causes of change. In this direction, this study aims to identify the trends of land use changes around Lake Terkos and to reveal the deficiencies and fragilities of the relationship networks. It is also an indication of possible changes in the ecological status of the lake and its surroundings in relation to this situation. Terkos Lake’s prolonged use as a crucial drinking water source for Istanbul makes it a valuable study site to investigate its ecological state and management practices. Nevertheless, it has recently been under pressure due to transportation (airport, Northern Marmara Motorway, Istanbul Canal and other transport networks), urban sprawl, and industry. In this context, first of all, the dynamics of land use and the rapidly changing areas (hot zones) between 1980 and 2023 have been identified and the extent of the changes over time has been shown. Possible future land use changes were analysed in the light of this data. As a result of the study, the speed of transformation of green areas was revealed. In this direction, especially in the field of the aquatic ecosystem, vulnerable areas were identified, the degree of being affected by future change was revealed and the trend in the dimensions of use and change was analysed.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/20247
Kırsal Topluluklarda Topluluk Kapasitesi ve Sosyal Sermaye İlişkisi: Erzurum Kırsalı Örneği
Keleş, Şerafettin
Bu çalışma, topluluk kapasitesi ve sosyal sermaye arasındaki ilişkiyi nicel verilerle ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Bunun için Erzurum ili kırsal alanında 324 kişiyle tesadüfi örneklem metodu kullanılarak anket yapılmıştır. Nicel analizler için Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi kullanılmıştır. Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi sonuçları Topluluk Kapasitesi ile Sosyal Sermaye arasında pozitif yönlü çok yüksek düzeyde ilintinin olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sosyal sermayenin “Güven” boyutunun Topluluk Kapasitesi’ni pozitif yönde ve çok yüksek düzeyde etkilediği görülmüştür. Kırsal alanda yaşayan bireyler kendi topluluk üyelerini dürüst ve güvenilir olarak görmektedir. Sosyal sermayenin bir diğer boyutu “Üyelikler ve Ağlar” Topluluk Kapasitesi’ni pozitif yönde ve çok yüksek düzeyde etkilemektedir. Bu durum kırsal alanda komşuluk ilişkilerinin ve yardımlaşmanın güçlü olduğunu göstermektedir. Yine “Kırsal Değerler ve Normlar” boyutu Topluluk Kapasitesi’ni pozitif yönde ve çok yüksek düzeyde etkilemektedir. Kırsal yaşam biçiminde dürüst olmak önemli bir değer olarak görülmektedir. Son olarak sosyal sermayenin “Aidiyet” boyutunun Topluluk Kapasitesi’ni pozitif yönde ve çok yüksek düzeyde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Topluluk Kapasitesi kapsamında köyde yaşayan bireylerin birbirlerine karşı sadakat duydukları, komşuluk ilişkilerinin yüksek olduğu ve ortak yönlerinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/20104
Travel option-based environmental comparison between passenger aircraft and high-speed rail
Çam, Ömer; Kilic, Ugur
The short-haul flights have higher emission values than medium or long-haul flights when emissions per distance are considered. In this study, the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing short-haul flights which carried out by a narrow-body commercial aircraft from/to Konya City in Turkey with regional jets or high-speed trains (HSRs) has been investigated. The flight trajectory is selected from Konya Airport to İstanbul Sabiha Gökçen Airport, and that trajectory is a frequently performed domestic flight between Konya and İstanbul. The IMPACT platform is used for the calculation of fuel burn and gas emissions. According to the results, traveling with regional jets or high-speed trains from/to Konya City which is the most 15th polluted city in Europe, provides advantages in terms of environmental impact. Traveling with HSR which is the best traveling option in this study, provides approximately 3.3 times more green travel than the currently used narrow-body passenger aircraft between Konya and İstanbul. In addition, this mode of transportation can become more environmentally friendly by using renewable energy sources to produce its electricity needs. It is expected that this study will serve as a guide for airline and high-speed rail operators and regulators to determine the most environmentally efficient travel options based on fuel burn and emission parameters.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/19967
Seismic evaluation of historical Pertev Pasha Mansion under February 6 Kahramanmaraş (Pazarcık) Earthquake (Mw 7.7)
Cosgun, Suleyman Istemihan
Historical masonry structures with aesthetic aspects play an important role in cultural heritage. However, such structures are vulnerable to seismic effects. Therefore, periodic maintenance and structural evaluations are required for these structures. In this study, a historical masonry building called the Pertev Pasha Mansion, located in Trabzon, Turkey, was selected for the evaluation. The building was demolished in the last few years and has been planned to be rebuilt in its original form. In the study, the finite element model of the building was created based on reconstruction drawings. Modal analysis was performed to obtain the frequencies and mode shapes of the building. Finally, seismic analyses were conducted based on the February 6 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes for two different acceleration records that were collected from different stations, one near the epicenter (Pazarcık station) of the earthquake and the other near the building (Ortahisar station). From the results of the modal analysis, the frequency and mode shapes of the structure were obtained. The displacement and stress results were obtained from the seismic analysis and presented with contour diagrams. At the end of the study, a general evaluation considering the novel Turkish guidelines for historic structures was conducted. According to the results of the seismic analysis performed using the Pazarcık station data, the drift ratio values of the structure exceeded 0.7%, which corresponds to the Collapse Prevention (CP) performance level. However, according to the seismic analysis results obtained using Ortahisar station data, the maximum drift ratio of the structure was 0.001%, corresponding to the Limited Damage (LD) performance level. Consequently, if the building had been built close to the center of the earthquake, it was likely to collapse, but it was estimated that it would have received limited damage because its current location was far from the center of the earthquake.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/19905
One City One Added Value: Almus Dam
Çiftçi, Yasemin
Cities defined as living units; They are important formations that can transfer to the society many features of this geographical area, which they surround as much as they own their geographical limitations, The added values that cities have created on the social area cannot be denied. One of the most important added values created by cities is the added value seen at the socioeconomic level. In this context, Tokat City was chosen as the city within the scope of the paper. The reason why Tokat was chosen is to present the socioeconomic added value created by the Almus Dam which was one of the important achievements of the republican period and which was established in the Almus District, at the city level. In order to reveal this added value, the original documents obtained from the Republic Archives of the Prime Ministry and the newspaper news on the online platform were studiously examined with the content analysis method, and the valuable outputs obtained by compiling among themselves were shared with the reader. Paper is at a level that can fill an important gap in the literature, both due to the fact that the studies on the city history of the Republican period are less in quantity and because of the limited number of studies directly related to the Almus Dam. According to the results obtained, after the Almus Dam enter into service; ıt has created an undeniable socio-economic added value in agriculture, fishery industry, employment and energy production. In order to increase the contribution of the paper to the literature, it is the most usual suggestion to reach the socio-economic numerical outputs related to the Almus Dam and to evaluate these outputs on the level of district and city
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Review ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/19125
Katı atık yönetimi: balıkesir büyükşehir belediyesi örneği
Ekinci, Elif; Bilgin, Hande
Atık yönetimleri, tüm ülkelerin çevre politikaları içerisinde önemli bir yer edinmiştir. Katı atık yönetimleri ve çevre koruma faaliyetleri ülkelerin ekonomik, siyasi ve sosyal durumlarına göre farklılık arz etmektedir. Dünya hızla kentleşmekte ve artan nüfus; daha fazla üretim yapılması daha fazla doğal kaynağın kullanılması anlamına gelmektedir. Artan tüketim sonucu katı atık oranı da çoğalmaktadır. Belediyeler, yerel halkını, katı atıklardan ve çevre sorunlarından korumakla yükümlüdür.Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde kavramsal çerçeve başlığı altında katı atık yönetimi ve çeşitlerinden, entegre katı atık yönetimi ve sürdürülebilir katı atık yönetiminden bahsedilecektir. İkinci bölümde Türkiye’ de katı atık yönetiminin tarihsel çerçevesinden bahsedilerek, katı atıklarla ilgili kanunlara ve kalkınma planlarına değinilecektir. Üçüncü bölümde Balıkesir Büyükşehir Belediyesi katı atık çalışmaları incelenecektir. Balıkesir Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin çalışma içerisinde incelenmesinin nedeni özellikle büyükşehir belediyesine geçiş noktasında katı atık hizmetleri ile ilgili yapmış olduğu başarılı projelerini inceleyebilmektir. Büyükşehir olmadan önce ve Büyükşehir Belediyesine geçmesinden itibaren katı atık yönetimi ile ilgili nelerin değiştiği, hangi alanlarda ilerleme katettiği ve nerelerde halen sorun yaşandığını tespit edebilmek açısından karşılaştırma yapılarak, literatüre katkıda bulunulacaktır
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/19112
Erzincan’ın Şehirsel Toponimisi ve Şehir Kimliği Üzerindeki Etkisi
Orhan, Fatih; Dönmez, Halil İbraahim
Adlandırma, insanoğlunun bir kişiyi, nesneyi ya da yeri bir başkasından ayırt etmek için kullandığı bir araçtır. Bununla birlikte özellikle yer adları, bunun çok daha ötesinde bir anlam ifade etmektedir. İnsanoğlu bir yeri adlandırırken, kullandığı ismin o mekânı, kültürü hatta kendisini yansıtmasını ister. Bu yönüyle yer adları, toplumun bir aynası olarak kabul görmektedir. Mahalle, cadde, sokak, meydan, bulvar gibi şehirsel mekânların adlandırılması da benzer özellikler taşımakla birlikte, bunlarda kullanılan isimlerin anma, hatırlama ve ulus kimlik oluşturma işlevleri de bulunmaktadır. Bir başka ifadeyle, bu adlara şehir kimliğinin oluşumu ve yansıtılması bakımından önemli görevler yüklenmiştir. Bu çalışma da Erzincan şehrinin toponimisini bu yönüyle incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda Erzincan Belediyesi’nden temin edilen ve şehir alanı içerisinde kalan 57 mahalle, 147 cadde, 3 390 sokak, 5 meydan ve 6 bulvar adı ele alınmış ve bu adlar belli esaslara göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Buna göre, Erzincan’daki bahsi geçen şehirsel mekânlara önemli şahıs adlarının, cumhuriyetle ilgili adların ve şehit adlarının yaygın olarak verildiği görülmüştür. Bu yönüyle Erzincan şehrindeki adlandırmaların ulus kimlik oluşturma ve hatırlama paradigması ile örtüştüğü ve Erzincan şehrine bir kimlik kattığı tespit edilmiştir. Nitekim adlandırmalarda kullanılan Osmanlı padişahları, Cumhuriyet dönemi şahısları, dini önderler ve yakın zaman siyasi kişilikler dikkate alındığında, Erzincan şehrinde milliyetçi-muhafazakâr bir eğilimin varlığı görülebilmektedir.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/19105
Kentlerde mekânsal ayrışmanın sosyal ve siyasal temelleri: erzincan örneği
Bakioğlu, Akın; Titiz, Başak
Bu çalışma kent sosyolojisi perspektifinden mekânsal ayrışmanın sosyal ve siyasal temellerini Erzincan kenti örneğinde ele almaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yararlanan araştırma, Erzincan’da ortaya çıkan mekânsal farklılaşmayı tarihsel ve güncel politikalar ekseninde tartışmaktadır. Kentlerin mekânsal ayrışma sürecinde etnisite temelli olarak dışlanan gruplar kent yoksulluğunun temel bileşenini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma; neoliberal kent politikalarının bir sonucu olan kentsel dönüşümlerin derinleştirdiği eşitsizliklerin kentsel etnisite ve sosyal dışlama ile olan bağını ve ulusaşırı göç politikalarının kentsel yaşam alanını nasıl şekillendirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Günümüzde kentsel etnisite, kentsel dönüşüm politikaları, yerinden etme, soylulaştırma ve göç politikaları ile şekillenmektedir. Bu politikaların sonucu oluşan kentsel yapıdaki eşitsizlik derinleşmektedir ve etno-kültürel ayrımlara eşlik eden sınıfsal farklılıklar belirginleşmektedir. Bu çerçeveden hareket eden araştırma Erzincan kenti örneğinde Aleviler, Poşalar, Ahıska Türkleri ve Afganların kentsel yaşamdaki mekânsal, sosyal ve sınıfsal durumlarını tartışmaktadır.
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ArticleYalnız künye2023/r/ebyu/13215
Prediction of flood routing results in the Central Anatolian region of Türkiye with various machine learning models
Katipoğlu, Okan Mert; Sarıgöl, Metin
Flood routing models are vital in predicting floods and taking all necessary precautions in the region where floods occur, preventing loss of life and property in the region and protecting agricultural areas. This study aims to compare the performance of various machine learning models such as Bagged Tree, Gradient-Boosted Machine, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine and Extreme Gradient Boosting for flood routing prediction models in Ankara, Eskişehir and Sivas. In addition, the predictive success of tree-based algorithms established according to the optimized and default parameters was compared. For this purpose, the flood data of 2013, 2014 and 2015 discharge observation stations located in Ankara D12A242-D12A126, D12A170-D12A172 in Eskişehir and D15A290-E15A035 in Sivas were used. While establishing the machine learning (ML) models, the data was selected as 80% training and 20% testing. Model performances were tested according to various statistical indicators such as root mean square error, mean absolute error and determination coefficient. As a result of the study, the Gradient-Boosted Machine was chosen as the most successful model in estimating flood routing. In addition, the K-nearest neighbor model with 3-nearest neighbor achieved high-level prediction success with the lowest error rates in Ankara. The findings are important in terms of flood management and taking necessary precautions before the flood occurs.
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ArticleYalnız künye2023/r/ebyu/13152
Multi-Scenario Analysis of Rockfall Hazard for a Historical Vaulted Masonry Building in Sumela Monastery
Nasery, Mohammad Manzoor; Cosgun, Suleyman Istemihan; Temel, Bayram Ali
Sumela Monastery located in the northeast city of Trabzon is one of the most-visited touristic places in Turkey. As it is located in a mountainous area, rockfall hazards have become a crucial problem that the Monastery complex faces, especially in the last decade. Due to several rockfall cases, the monastery was closed for visitors in 2015 to take preventative measures. The current study examines the whole stages assessing and eliminating rockfall hazards that a historical Vaulted masonry building in the Sumela Monastery is exposed to. First of all, field studies were conducted to determine the kind and type of rockfall hazard. For this purpose, the regional geology of the area was evaluated and due to the inaccessibility of the region, industrial climbers were recruited to climb the slope above the Historical Vaulted building to determine the locations, dimensions, and risk level of the risky blocks that threatened the building. After that, the terrain of the risky area was modeled with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) using the digital photogrammetry method. In the last step of the field studies, samples were taken to determine the mechanical and physical properties of the rocks and several laboratory tests were conducted. In the second part of the study, probabilistic analyses of 2400 rockfall simulations with eight different trajectories were conducted to calculate the maximum run-out distance, velocity, kinetic energy, and bounce heights of falling blocks. In the third part, to evaluate the damage status on the vaulted building, six different possible rockfall scenarios determined by the rockfall analysis were simulated using the Finite Element Method. After determining the rock block size that would not cause significant damage to the building, the cleaning and controlled removal method of the risky blocks was determined. In the last stage, controlled crushing and removing practices for risky rock blocks were carried out and the building was restored. Consequently, the rockfall hazard for the historical Vaulted building was eliminated and the monastery complex opened for visitors in 2021.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/13011
Determining the regional disaster risk analysis of buildings in Erzincan; [Određivanje regionalne analize rizika od katastrofa za zgrade u Erzincanu]
Başgöze, Ayşe; Güncü, Arzu
Erzincan is located in a region sensitive to seismic activities, which can destroy buildings and lead to loss of life because of severe earthquakes. Furthermore, analysing and determining structural risks is important because it reduces possible disaster risks and provides mitigation strategies. This study aims to assess the seismic vulnerability of existing buildings in Erzincan using a rapid visual screening method and create a regional-scale inventory. Furthermore, 490 residential reinforced concrete buildings in five neighbourhoods were analysed using a street scanning method (first-level evaluation) developed by METU, and maps were created using the ArcGIS program. The results revealed that poor construction quality, soft ground, and heavy overhang are the main vulnerability parameters that change the risk priority range of reinforced concrete residential buildings. Conversely, poor construction quality affected most first-priority buildings. Therefore, there is a need for effective seismic mitigation planning for Erzincan, as 49 % of buildings in the surveyed neighbourhoods required a second-stage assessment. In addition, the method ranks the buildings according to their risk priorities, and the obtained data on the map provided useful information for effective strategies for implementing risk reduction policies in Erzincan.
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ArticleYalnız künye2023/r/ebyu/12617
Estimation of hourly flood hydrograph from daily flows using machine learning techniques in the Büyük Menderes River
Sarıgöl, Metin; Katipoğlu, Okan Mert
Flood routing calculations are of vital importance in estimating the floods occurring in the downstream region and taking all necessary measures to minimize the damages that the flood may cause. The prediction success of the created algorithms in the flood routing analysis was tried to be measured by training the daily flood data with machine learning algorithms. This research trained the daily average flood hydrograph data with regression tree, Gaussian process regression, support vector machine, ANFIS and regression tree ensembles. Then the flood routing calculations were made using these models for the hourly flood hydrograph of 2015. The success of the created machine learning algorithms was compared with statistical criteria such as mean absolute error, the root of mean squares of errors and coefficient of determination (R 2), and visually with Taylor diagrams and boxplots. As a result of the analysis established, the ANFIS model divided the inputs into 5 subsets, and the trim membership function showed good results in flood routing. It has been proved that with limited flow data, floods can be postponed, and loss of life and property can be prevented.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2023/r/ebyu/12439
Boosting flood routing prediction performance through a hybrid approach using empirical mode decomposition and neural networks: a case study of the Mera River in Ankara
KatipoğLu, Okan Mert; Sarıgöl, Metin
Flood routing is vital in helping to reduce the impact of floods on people and communities by allowing timely and appropriate responses. In this study, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) signal decomposition technique is combined with cascade forward backpropagation neural network (CFBNN) and feed-forward backpropagation neural network (FFBNN) machine learning (ML) techniques to model 2014 floods in Ankara, Mera River. The data are split in order to avoid the underfitting and overfitting problems of the algorithm. While establishing the algorithm, 70% of the data were divided into training, 15% testing and 15% validation. Graphical indicators and statistical parameters were used for the analysis of model performance. As a result, the EMD signal decomposition technique has been found to improve the performance of ML models. In addition, the EMD-FFBNN hybrid model showed the most accurate estimation results in the flood routing calculation. The study’s outputs can assist in designing flood control structures such as levees and dams to help reduce flood risk.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2022/r/ebyu/20503
Syrian Refugees in Turkey: Its Impact on Turkish Social Structure and Nation State Policy
Aksakal, Ibrahim
Turkey has faced the effects of the Syrian civil war since 2011 and has hosted nearly 3,7 million refugees in the past 11 years. The number of Syrian refugees corresponds to approximately 5% of Turkey's total population. In addition, the population distribution of these provinces has changed considerably, as refugees are concentrated in large cities and provinces in the border region. Since the number of asylum seekers is above the melting potential of the provinces, various problems were encountered in terms of social, political, economic, cultural and demographic aspects. As a result, polarizations began to emerge between the local people and the refugees. The Turkish State, which has adopted the nation-state policy since its establishment, changed its immigration policy with the Syrian migration flow and implemented an open-door policy. This situation has created a significant pressure on the social structure and social life. In this study, an evaluation was made on the impact of Turkey's Syrian refugee policy on the social structure. In addition, the current immigration policy of the Turkish state, which has adopted a homogeneous social policy since the beginning of the century, has also been evaluated in terms of nation-state understanding.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2022/r/ebyu/20442
Sosyal medya kullanımının üniversite öğrencilerinin çevresel farkındalık kazanımı üzerindeki etkisi
Karakoç, Duygu Yıldız; Kovancı, Ezgi
Küreselleşmenin hızlanmasıyla birlikte bilgiye erişim artmış ve bilgiye ulaşılabilirlik çok daha kolay hale gelmiştir. Bu süreçte sosyal etkileşimler ve sosyal medya kullanımı dünyanın her yerinde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de oldukça yaygınlaşmıştır. Z kuşağı olarak tanımlanan nesil sosyal medya kullanımına büyük ilgi göstermekte, buradaki hareketlilik ve bilgi akışı onların bireysel tercihleri, kültürel normları, sosyal gelişimleri gibi konularda yöneltici olmaktadır. Bir yandan sosyo-kültürel küreselleşmeyi yoğun biçimde yaşayan Z kuşağı, aynı zamanda küresel ve yerel-bölgesel çevre sorunları ve bu sorunların sonuçlarıyla karşılaşmaktadır. Çevre sorunlarıyla karşılaşan bireylerin çevresel farkındalıkları cinsiyet, yaş, yaşanılan yerin ölçeği, gelir düzeyi, meslek gibi çeşitli parametrelere göre değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Bununla birlikte şimdiki genç kuşağın bu sorunların farkında olması ve sorunların çözümüne yönelik tedbirler alması, bilinçlenme konusunda öncül role bürünmeleri, kolektif eyleme geçebilme iradesini ortaya koymaları çevre sorunlarının çözümünde oldukça önemlidir. Gençlerin bunu sağlayabilecekleri mecralardan birisi aktif olarak kullandıkları sosyal medyadır. Sosyal medya uygulamalarında çevresel sürdürülebilirlikle ilgili fotoğraf, video ya da metin gibi bilgilere ve çevresel bilinç kazanmaya yönelik eğitimlere ve etkinliklere kolaylıkla ulaşabilen gençlerin çevresel farkındalıklarının artması beklenmektedir. Bu bağlamda Z kuşağı olarak adlandırılan ve şimdiki üniversite öğrencilerini oluşturan kesimin çevre bilincinin oluşturulması ve çevresel farkındalık kazanmasında ve/veya artırılmasında sosyal medya etkisinin araştırılması çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır.
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ArticleYalnız künye2022/r/ebyu/18899
Post-fire Seismic Behavior of RC Columns Built with Sustainable Concrete
Demir, Ugur; Unal, Goktug; Goksu, Caglar; Saribas, Ilyas; Ilki, Alper
In this study, four full-scale reinforced concrete columns were built replacing 50% of natural coarse aggregates in concrete mix by recycled aggregates. Three of the columns were exposed to standard ISO-834 fire for 30, 60 or 90 minutes, while the reference specimen was not exposed. Sixty days after fire exposure, the columns were tested under constant axial load and reversed cyclic lateral displacements simulating earthquakes. Test results are evaluated in terms of lateral load capacity, ductility, stiffness and energy dissipation. In addition, an analytical study was conducted to predict the lateral load-displacement response of fire-damaged columns built with recycled aggregates.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2022/r/ebyu/14041
Special Feature on social, economic, and spatial impacts of COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey
Baycan, Tüzin; Tuysuz, Suat
This Special Feature investigates the social, economic, and spatial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey and highlights the factors differentiating Turkey from the other countries. The articles contributing to this Special Feature are classified into three main parts. The first group of articles addresses spatial implications of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey with a specific focus on the place-based factors affecting the spread of the pandemic, the determinants of pandemic-induced changes in intracity mobility, and the use of social media to forecast commercial real estate figures during COVID-19. The second group of articles investigates the social and economic implications of the COVID-19 pandemic and diversely affected economic sectors in Turkey. These articles analyze the vulnerability and resilience of regions and diversely affected economic sectors with a specific focus on the housing market that displays an opposite trend to international tendencies regarding transaction volumes and private rental housing prices. The third group of articles considers the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic from an international perspective. These articles analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international trade with a specific focus on exports and the fragility of the global trade structure and network in the framework of global value chains. Analyzing the impacts of COVID-19 from different perspectives, the articles in this Special Feature reveal the factors differentiating Turkey from the other countries and highlight the challenges.
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ArticleAçık Erişim2022/r/ebyu/13862
Flood Routing Calculation with ANN, SVM, GPR, and RTE Methods
Sarigöl, Metin; Yesilyurt, Sefa Nur
Flood routing analysis is of great importance in predicting floods and taking all necessary precautions in the area where the flood occurred. By applying different machine learning algorithms to historical flood data, the success of the established models in flood routing calculations has been measured. In this study, flood hydrograph data on 05.05.2014 was passed through the training and testing stages using the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Regression Tree Ensembles (RTE), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) methods, then routing calculations were made by applying the flood data on 03.06.2015 to these models. The results were compared with either ANN, SVM, GPR, RTE, or measured values. Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) and Correlation Coefficient (R) values were calculated at the end of the comparative analysis. In conclusion, it has been determined that verifying the flood routing results performed by the SVM is the best result.
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