Yazarlar
- Osma, Etem(20)
- Yangılar, Filiz(17)
- Kaya, Ozkan(16)
- Katipoğlu, Okan Mert(15)
- Yangilar, Filiz(15)
- Yildirim, Nalan(15)
- Karakus, Sinem(14)
- Turan, Metin(13)
- Özyürek, Selçuk(13)
- Elveren, Müjgan(12)
- Kandemir, Ali(12)
- Agar, Guleray(9)
- Bulut, Hüseyin(9)
- Ozturk, Halil Ibrahim(9)
- Varol, Tuğçe(8)
- Öztürk, Halil İbrahim(8)
- Haliloğlu, Kamil(7)
- Kılıç, Engin(7)
- Mutlu, Salih(7)
- Yildiz, Faruk(7)
- Akşit, Zeynep(6)
- Cebi, Kadir(6)
- Ertugay, Mustafa Fatih(6)
- Karakaya, Songül(6)
- Kiliçgün, Hasan(6)
- Kumbasaroglu, Hediye(6)
- Köksal, Ekrem(6)
- Türkoğlu, Aras(6)
- Yuca, Hafize(6)
- Achite, Mohammed(5)
- Akşit, Hüseyin(5)
- Atici, Ökkeş(5)
- Demirci, Betül(5)
- Poczai, Peter(5)
- Türkyılmaz, Doğan(5)
- Çebi, Kadir(5)
- Özkan, Güller(5)
- Öztürk, Halil Ibrahim(5)
- Aydın, Bilge(4)
- Bozkurt, Abdurrahim(4)
Yayınlar
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023Determination of antioxidant capacity, citric acid, phenolic compounds, physicochemical and sensory properties of Pepino marmalade yogurts enriched with erythritol and amaranth flour at different concentrations
Yangilar, Filiz
This work aimed to evaluate the feasibility of fortifying Pepino marmalade containing erythritol and amaranth flour (1, 2, and 3%) as the source of antioxidants, dietary fiber, and polyphenols in yogurt for increasing nutritional value and improving storability. Both Pepino marmalade and amaranth flour increased the phenolic content, citric acid value, viscosity, and WHC of the yogurt samples. The diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity (DPPH), radical cation (ABTS*+) scavenging assay, oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC), and ferric-reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were found to be in the range of 4.5–46.6%, 166.2–1022 µg AAE/g, 2.61–4.49 µmol Trolox/g, and 4.9–23.88 µmol Fe2+/g respectively. As the concentration of marmalade and amaranth flour increased, the samples showed higher b* and lower a* and L* values. In addition, the panelists stated that they enjoyed the yogurt samples with Pepino marmalade and amaranth flour.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023A study on antifungal activity of thymol, eugenol, and 1,8-cineole against Botrytis cinerea Persoon isolated from grapevine (Vitis vinifera Linné)
Yelboğa, Benazir; Karakuş, Sinem
This study investigated the effects of essential oils thymol, eugenol, and 1,8-cineol for the prevention of losses caused by gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Persoon) in grapevine (Vitis vinifera Linné, cv. Karaerik) under in vitro and in vivo conditions. B. cinerea isolated from diseased grapevines was identified by 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The effects of 2.5, 5, and 10 µL doses of essential oils (EO) on mycelial growth, germ tube elongation, and spore germination were investigated in vitro, and the lesion formation on the leaves was examined in vivo. Compared to the control, both thymol and eugenol suppressed mycelial growth, depending on the dose increase, and caused 100% inhibition at the 10 µL dose, whereas 1,8-cineole had no effect on the same parameter at either dose. Germ tube elongation was 100% inhibited by 5 and 10 µL doses of thymol and eugenol, while the same doses of 1,8-cineole inhibited it by 49% and 85%, respectively. Conidiospore germination was inhibited by 22, 45, and 72% at 2.5, 5, and 10 µL doses of thymol, respectively. Under in vivo conditions, the three EOs inhibited lesion formation on leaves, depending on the concentration increase, and inhibition ended with 100% at their 100 µL dose. In addition, thymol was found to be the most effective EO under in vivo conditions. Our results show that these EOs, which are of biological origin and non-toxic to environmental health, have the potential to be used in the control of gray mold.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Individuals Engaged in Animal Husbandry in Erzurum Region; [Erzurum Yöresinde Hayvancılıkla Uğraşan Kişilerde Brusella Seroprevalansı]
Uçar, Mahmut; Yılmaz, Ahmet; Çelebi, Selahattin; Yılmaz, Sinan
Objective: Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases in our country and the world. This study investigated the seroprevalence of brucellosis in individuals who were engaged in animal husbandry in Erzurum region, were over 18 years of age, or did not have any clinical complaints of brucellosis. Materials and Methods: Our study was conducted on 271 volunteers engaged in livestock farming in 20 districts of Erzurum province between 2020 and 2021. Brucella antibodies were investigated in blood samples using ELISA IgG, ELISA IgM, Rose Bengal, and Standard tube agglutination tests. A questionnaire was administered to the participants to investigate the risk factors of brucellosis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 43.6 ± 15.7.2 years (min:18, max:90), and there were 137 male (50.6%) and 134 female (49.4%) particpants. Seropositivity was detected with ELISA IgG in 40 of 271 participants (14.8%). Seropositivity was detected in the ELISA IgM test in 2 of these 40 participants (0.7%). Seropositivity was found in 46 participants (17%) in the Rose Bengal and 29 individuals in the STA test. According to the serology results, ELISA IgG positivity was higher in male participants compared to female participants (ratio=1.6). Among pet owners, ELISA IgG seropositivity was found higher than the participants who did not have pets (ratio=1.9). In the evaluation based on educational status, the rate of seropositivity was slightly higher in the participants who were illiterate and had a poor level of education. Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that the prevalence rate obtained by ELISA IgG was consistent with previous studies conducted in the region. No significant relationship was observed between the serology results of the participants and their gender and educational status. On the other hand, the positivity of ELISA IgG results was higher among the participants who had pets, and there was a significant relationship at the margin.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023Determination of Antioxidant Activity of The Leaves of Hawthorn (Crataegus Monogyna)
Dikici, Emrah; Köksal, Ekrem
This study was carried out to make decision the antioxidant activity of the leaves of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), which is a natural source of antioxidants. For this purpose, the leaves of hawthorn were collected and dried, and an ethanol extract was prepared. Total antioxidant activity (with respect to the ferric thiocyanate method), ion reduction capacity of Cu2+ (copper method), and Fe3+ (potassium ferricyanide reduction method) were determined on the prepared ethanol extracts. Additionally, scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and determination of the total phenolic-flavonoid compound content were carry out. The extracts obtained from Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) leaves were found to inhibit lipid peroxidation (of linoleic acid emulsion) by 40.9%. This inhibition occurred at a concentration of 10 μg/mL of the extracts. At the similar concentration, BHT exhibited 68.3% inhibition, while trolox exhibited 29.9% inhibition. Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), which was found to have a higher total phenolic content than trolox, exhibited significant DPPH scavenging and metal reduction activities. During the investigation of the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract obtained from Crataegus monogyna, α-tocopherol, its water-soluble analogue trolox and BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) were utilized as reference antioxidant compounds.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023Performance Evaluation of Five Machine Learning Algorithms for Estimating Reference Evapotranspiration in an Arid Climate
Raza, Ali; Fahmeed, Romana; Syed, Neyha Rubab; Katipoğlu, Okan Mert; Zubair, Muhammad; Alshehri, Fahad; Elbeltagi, Ahmed
The Food and Agriculture Organization recommends that the Penman–Monteith Method contains Equation 56 (PMF) as a widely accepted standard for reference evapotranspiration (ETo) calculation. Despite this, the PMF cannot be employed when meteorological variables are constrained; therefore, alternative models for ETo estimation requiring fewer variables must be chosen, which means that they perform at least as well as, if not better than, the PMF in terms of accuracy and efficiency. This study evaluated five machine learning (ML) algorithms to estimate ETo and compared their results with the standardized PMF. For this purpose, ML models were trained using monthly time series climatic data. The created ML models underwent testing to determine ETo under varying meteorological input combinations. The results of ML models were compared to assess their accuracy and validate their performance using several statistical indicators, errors (root-mean-square (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE)), model efficiency (NSE), and determination coefficient (R2). The process of evaluating ML models involved the utilization of radar charts, Smith graphs, heatmaps, and bullet charts. Based on our findings, satisfactory results have been obtained using RBFFNN based on M12 input combinations (mean temperature (Tmean), mean relative humidity (RHmean), sunshine hours (Sh)) for ETo estimation. The RBFFNN model exhibited the most precise estimation as RMSE obtained values of 0.30 and 0.22 during the training and testing phases, respectively. In addition, during training and testing, the MAE values for this model were recorded as 0.15 and 0.17, respectively. The highest R2 and NSE values were noted as 0.98 and 0.99 for the RBFNN during performance analysis, respectively. The scatter plots and spatial variations of the RBFNN and PMF in the studied region indicated that the RBFNN had the highest efficacy (R2, NSE) and lowest errors (RMSE, MAE) as compared with the other four ML models. Overall, our study highlights the potential of ML models for ETo estimation in the arid region (Jacobabad), providing vital insights for improving water resource management, helping climate change research, and optimizing irrigation scheduling for optimal agricultural water usage in the region.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023The risk of malnutrition and its clinical implications in older patients with cancer
Sucuoglu Isleyen, Zehra; Besiroglu, Mehmet; Yasin, Ayse Irem; Simsek, Melih; Topcu, Atakan; Smith, Lee; Akagunduz, Baran; Turk, Haci Mehmet; Soysal, Pinar
Aim: Malnutrition is a common geriatric syndrome with multiple negative outcomes including mortality. However, there is a scarcity of literature that focuses on the relationship between malnutrition risk and its clinical implications on geriatric syndromes and mortality among cancer patients. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical importance of malnutrition risk in geriatric oncology practice. Method: 180 patients with cancer who were ≥ 65 years were included in the study. All patients were questioned in terms of geriatric syndromes, including polypharmacy, frailty, probable sarcopenia, fall risk, dynapenia, depression, cognitive impairment, insomnia, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Mini Nutritional Assessment scores > 23.5 and 17–23.5 were categorized as well-nourished and malnutrition risk, respectively. Results: Of the 180 patients (mean age 73.0 ± 5.6 years, female: 50%), the prevalence of malnutrition risk was 28.9%. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, education, marital status, body mass index, and comorbidities except for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p > 0.05). After adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index; polypharmacy (odds ratio [OR]: 3.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48–6.81), reduced calf circumference (OR: 3.72; 95% CI, 1.22–11.38), fall risk (OR: 2.72; 95% CI, 1.03–7.23), depression (OR: 6.24; 95% CI, 2.75–14.18), insomnia (OR: 4.89; 95% CI, 2.16–11.05), and frailty (OR: 2.44; 95% CI, 1.75–3.40) were associated with malnutrition risk compared to well-nourished patients (p < 0.05). Median survival in patients with malnutrition risk was 21.3 months (range 14.1–28.4 95% CI) and median survival in patients who were defined as well nourished was not reached (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The risk of malnutrition was associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality in older patients with cancer, and was associated with many geriatric syndromes, including polypharmacy, fall risk, frailty, insomnia, and depression.
- ArticleYalnız künye2023Modeling of meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological droughts in semi-arid environments with various machine learning and discrete wavelet transform
Achite, Mohammed; Katipoglu, Okan Mert; Şenocak, Serkan; Elshaboury, Nehal; Bazrafshan, Ommolbanin; Dalkılıç, Hüseyin Yıldırım
Recent meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural droughts in the Mediterranean regions have raised concerns about the impact of climate change. In this study, the meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological droughts were modeled in the Wadi Ouahrane Basin using various machine learning (ML) models and standardized indices of rainfall, evapotranspiration, and runoff (SPI, SPEI, and SRI) at different times scales (1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months). The applied ML models were the linear support vector machine (SVM), quadratic SVM, cubic SVM, fine gaussian SVM, medium gaussian SVM, coarse Gaussian SVM, rational quadratic Gaussian process regression (GPR), squared exponential GPR, Matern 5/2 GPR, exponential GPR, bagged tree, and boosted tree. Moreover, the hybrid models acquired by combining these ML models with wavelet transform were evaluated. The performance of the models was analyzed using statistical criteria such as root mean square error, determination coefficient, and mean absolute error. As a result, wavelet-GPR models showed the most promising results in estimating SPI, SPEI, and SRI values. The values for SPI (R 2 of train: 0.393; and test: 0.351), SPEI (R 2 of train: 0.809; test: 0.746), and SRI (R 2 of train: 0.999; test: 0.808) indicate monthly time scale. Additionally, for the time periods of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months, the predictions for SPI, SPEI, and SRI generally obtain R 2 of train 0.99 and test 0.95 values. Moreover, it was determined that wavelet-based ML models, established with inputs divided into three subcomponents with Daubechies mother wavelet, showed superior results than standalone ML models. The study results could guide decision-makers and planners in developing drought risk management and mitigation strategies.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023Characterization of volatile compounds of Gök Üzüm raisins produced from grapes pre-treated with different dipping solutions
Karakus, Sinem; Kaya, Ozkan; Hajizadeh, Hanifeh Seyed; Gutiérrez-Gamboa, Gastón; Ates, Fadime; Turan, Metin; Araya-Alman, Miguel
Background: Raisins contain a wide range of secondary metabolites, including volatile compounds that may contribute to the health benefits and preference of consumers. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies concerning the analysis of volatile compounds in raisin. The goal of this study was to compare volatile composition of Gök Üzüm (Vitis vinifera L.) raisins produced from grapes dried before the application of two pre-treatments solutions: wood ash (WA) and potassium carbonate (K2CO3). Results: Gök Üzüm raisins produced from grapes dipped into the WA solution presented higher contents of most of the studied volatile compounds (including the total contents of C6 compounds, alcohols, benzenoids, esters, aldehydes, terpenes and C13 norisoprenoids) and lower contents of (Z)-2-hexenol and 2-hexenoic acid than the raisins produced from grapes dipped into K2CO solutions. Gök Üzüm raisins were characterized by fruity, floral and grass aromas according to their odor activity values. Drying Gök Üzüm grapes after the treatment of WA solutions promotes a higher aromatic composition compared to K2CO solutions. Conclusion: These findings can greatly assist raisin producers in deciding which dipping solution to use before using a dipping solution to dry the grapes. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023Antifungal Activity of Extracts From the Ferulago Pauciradiata in Vitro Against Botrytis Cinerea Pers
Karakuş, Sinem; Suyurdu, Tuba Nur; Köksal, Ekrem; Alp, Cemalettin
This is the first study to reveal the antifungal properties of Ferulago pauciradiata plant. In this context investigated the effects of methanol (FPM), ethanol (FPE), hexane (FPH) and water (FPW) extracts of the F. pauciradiata plant on the prevention of losses caused by gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers) in vitro. The effects of FPM, FPE, and FPH 10, 25, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, and 2000 µL doses were determined by mycelium growth, germ tube elongation, and spore germination in vitro. The water extract didn’t show antifungal activity against B. cinerea. Compared to the control, both FPM and FPH caused 100% inhibition at the dose of 2000 µL by suppressing mycelial growth due to dose increases, while FPE had a 97.3% effect on the same parameter at the dose of 2000 µL. While there was no elongation at the 2000 µL dose of FPM and FPH, there was an elongation of 8.4 µm at the same dose of FPM. In spore germination, 0% germination was observed in FPM and FPH 2000 µL dose, while 17.5% germination was observed in FPE. These results show that F. pauciradiata extracts, which are of biological origin and are not environmentally toxic, are a good alternative for use in the control of B. cinerea.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023Effects of mammalian sex hormones on in vitro organogenesis of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Haliloğlu, Kamil; Türkoğlu, Aras; Balpınar, Özge; Öztürk, Halil İbrahim; Özkan, Güller; Poczai, Peter
Beans are an important plant species and are one of the most consumed legumes in human nutrition, especially as a protein, vitamin, mineral, and fiber source. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a plant that also has an important role in natural nitrogen fixation. Currently, in vitro regeneration and micropropagation applications are limited in relation to genetic factors in bean Accordingly, there is great need to optimize micropropagation and tissue culture methods of the bean plant. To date, the effect of mammalian sex hormones (MSH) on in vitro conditions in P. vulgaris L. is poorly understood. This study examined the effects of different types of explants (embryo, hypocotyl, plumule, and radicle), MSH type (progesterone, 17 β-estradiol, estrone, and testosterone), and MSH concentration (10−4, 10−6, 10−8 and 10−10 mmol L−1) on the responding explants induction rate (REI), viability of plantlets rate (VPR), shoot proliferation rate (SPR), root proliferation rate (RPR), and callus induction rate (CIR). The effects of mammalian sex hormones, concentrations, explant type, and their interactions were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.01) in all examined parameters. The best explants were embryo and plumule. Our results showed that the highest REI rate (100%) was recorded when 10−10 mmol L−1 of all MSH was applied to MS medium using the plumule explant. The highest VPR (100%) was obtained when 10−10 mmol L−1 of all MSH was applied to MS medium using the plumule explant. The highest root proliferation rates (77.5%) were recorded in MS medium supplemented with 10−8 mmol L−1 17β-estradiol using embryo explant. The highest percentage of shoot-forming explants (100%) generally was obtained from embryo and plumule cultured in the MS culture medium with low MSH concentration. In addition, the highest CIR (100%) was obtained from embryo and plumule explant cultured in MS medium containing 10−10 mmol L−1 of all MSH types. In conclusion, we observed that mammalian sex hormones may be used in bean in vitro culture.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2023Volatile organic compounds produced by some synthetic essential oils as biological fumigants against Botrytis cinerea on apples
Karakus, Sinem; Atıcı, Okkes; Turan, Metin; Azizi, Sahar; Hajizadeh, Hanifeh Seyed; Kaya, Ozkan
Background: Gray mold, attributed to Botrytis cinerea, poses a substantial threat to food security in fruit-growing regions impacted by global climate change. Addressing this disease requires the utilization of either resilient plant varieties or advanced technological interventions. In this study, the research focused on examining the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by synthetic essential oils, namely thymol, eugenol, 1,8-cineol, and their combination, as potential biological fumigants against B . cinerea on Golden Delicious apples. Results: In this study, a total of 53 compounds were identified and categorized into six distinct classes, which included (1) terpenes, (2) esters, (3) C6 compounds, (4) alcohols, (5) acids, and (6) aldehydes. The results we obtained revealed significant variations in the volatile compounds present in apples after harvest when treated with different essential oils to combat B. cinerea. Among the VOCs found in the fruits, the most abundant ones were pentanal, nerol, and ethyl octanoate. The essential oil combination of thymol, eugenol, and 1,8-cineol (Thy + Eug + Fun) had the most significant impact on the volatile compound content in the fruits. Conversely, both B. cinerea and the essential oils were observed to increase the volatile organic compound content in the fruits after harvest. Conclusion: The findings from this study underscore the significance of essential oils as effective biological fumigants for countering Botrytis cinerea on apples. Furthermore, the study suggests that these essential oils have the potential to influence the composition of volatile organic compounds in postharvest apples. This research offers valuable insights into the intricate interplay between volatile organic compounds and essential oils in apples, emphasizing the critical role of essential oils in preserving fruit quality during the post-harvest period. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- ArticleYayıncıda açık erişim2023Investigation of the effects of mineral elements on flower coloration of plants growing in different habitats (limestone, serpentine, gypsum)
Osma, Etem; Varol, Tuğçe; Elveren, Müjgan
In this study, 25 plant species growing in different habitats in Erzincan province were studied with gypsum (Ebenus macrophylla, Gypsophila lepidioides, Linum flavum, Onobrychis nitida, Paracaryum stenolophum, Psephellus recepii, Tanacetum heterotomum, Verbascum alyssifolium), limestone (Alkanna megacarpa, Alyssum sibiricum, Anthemis sp., Astragalus sp., Chrysophthalmum montanum, Ebenus laguroides, Genista aucheri, Pelargonium endlicherianum, Stachys sparsipilosa), or serpentine (Artedia squamata, Consolida olopetala, Convolvulus pseudoscammania, Erysimum pulchellum, Fumana aciphylla, Gladiolus halophilus, Hypericum thymbrifolium, Salvia indica). Within the scope of the study, element concentrations were determined in plants with different flower colors (yellow, purple–blue–pink, white) and in the soils where they grow. Our goal was to assess whether there were differences in mineral element concentrations within plants from these different areas and whether those differences (if they existed) led to changes in plant morphology, specifically flower coloration. The flowers, leaves and root parts of the collected plants and the soils of the habitats where they grow were pre-treated in the laboratory. Mineral element concentrations in the prepared samples were determined by ICP-MS. Plant and soil data obtained were statistically evaluated, and the differences between the habitats were determined. It was observed that there were differences in terms of mineral elements in the generative and vegetative parts of the plant and these differences impacted flower color; these coloration differences in plants from other areas might be used to indicate the presence of potentially important minerals.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2022The Effects of LEDs with different CCT values on growth characteristics of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) and Hordeum vulgare L. (barley)
Osma, Etem; Elveren, Müjgan; Karagöz, Zehra; Sahin, Mustafa; Akaltun, Yunus
Light Emitting Diode (LED)s are used extensively in almost everywhere in our daily life and they have different color temperatures such as Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) which is represented by ˚K (Kelvin). In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were cultivated in laboratory environment under LED with different CCT values (2000, 3000, and 6000˚K). After cultivation, plant height and weight values, the quantity of chlorophyll and carotene, the amount of leakage of electrolyte and element absorption capacity from the soil, POX (Peroxidase) and SOD (Superoxide Dismutase) enzyme activities of cultivated plants were determined. Results were evaluated on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Program (SPSS 22) and significant differences were obtained on plants which were grown at different color temperatures of light. It was concluded that measurements from plants which were grown under LED light with cold color temperatures (6000˚K) were more consistent than those of plants grown under other lights with different temperatures. It has been deduced that cold color temperatures are closer to the optimum light values required for a plant to grow faster.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2022TRA1 bölgesi konut piyasasında fiyat oluşumu balon mu?
Güner, Bilal; Çadırcı, Bülent Diclehan
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de bölgesel sınıflandırmada Kuzeydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi olarak adlandırılan ve Erzurum, Erzincan ve Bayburt illerini kapsayan TRA1 bölgesi için 2013-2020 yılları arası aylık reel konut fiyat endeksi kullanılarak konut piyasasında fiyat balonunun oluşup oluşmadığı incelenmiştir. SADF ve GSADF sağ kuyruklu birim kök testlerinin kullanıldığı analiz sonucuna göre TRA1 bölgesi konut piyasasında çoklu fiyat balonları gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca her iki test bulgularına göre 2019 yılının ikinci yarısında başlayan balonun çalışma dönemi itibariyle devam ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2022Effects of spray and freeze-drying methods on aroma compounds, sensory characteristics, physicochemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of instant sage (Salvia rosifolia Sm.) tea
Baltaci, Cemalettin; Akşit, Zeynep; Şidim, Muhammed
Sage is used as an aroma and spice in foods around the world. With its strong and even bitter taste, sage has been traditionally used as an effective solution to many health problems for centuries. It is a rich plant with many bioactive compounds. In this study, instant tea production was performed from the dried samples of the sage plant (Salvia rosifolia Sm.) using two drying methods; freeze-drying and spray-drying. The sensorial, physicochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the products obtained by both methods were analyzed. Color values, solubility in water, moisture analysis (21.3% spray-dried; 4.0% freeze-dried), free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC), Ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay (FRAP), aroma analysis, protein analysis (5.5% spray-dried; 5.7% freeze-dried), ash, mineral, antimicrobial and sensory analyses were performed. Significant differences were found between two soluble tea obtained by the spray-drying and the freeze-drying methods. In general, the antioxidant capacities are higher in freze-dried samples. All of the 61 aroma components were detected in freeze dried samples while only 18 of them were detected in spray dried samples. In addition to their differencies; plenty of bioactive components, easy to use, ready to drink herbal tea have been produced with both techniques.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2022Laktasyonun İlk 30 Gününde Koyun ve Keçi Sütündeki Yağ Asidi Profili ile Bazı Sağlık İndekslerinin Karşılaştırılması
Özyürek, Selçuk; Aysöndü, Mehmet Hanifi; Türkyılmaz, Doğan
Kuzuların süt emdiği laktasyon başı dönemde sütteki yağ asidi kompozisyonunun hayati önemi vardır. Bu çalışmada, aynı koşullarda beslenen Akkaraman koyunu ve Kıl keçilerinin laktasyonun ilk 30 gününde süt yağ asidi kompozisyonundaki değişim araştırılmıştır. 2-5 laktasyon arasında 10 Akkaraman koyunu ve 10 Kıl keçisi kullanılmıştır. Doğumlar şubat ayında gerçekleşmiş olup, hayvanlar kapalı ortamda aynı beslenmeye alınmıştır. Çalışma süresince hayvan başına 1 kg arpaya ek olarak buğday samanı ad libitum olarak verilmiştir. Laktasyonun 0, 1, 3, 7, 15 ve 30. günlerinde her bir hayvandan ayrı ayrı süt örnekleri alınmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda C16:1, C18:3n3 keçi sütünde daha fazla bulunurken (p<0.05), C20:5n3 (EPA) en fazla koyun sütünde (p<0.01) bulunmuştur. Ortalama CLAC9t11, 30 günlük laktasyon boyunca koyun sütünde 0.378±0.1 g/100 ve keçi sütünde 0.426±0.1 g/100 olarak bulunmuştur. Aterojenik ve trombojenik indeks değerleri keçi sütü lehine bulunmuştur. Omega 6/3 oranı koyun ve keçi sütünde sırasıyla 7.90±2.5 ve 10.35±4.7 g/100 g olarak belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Laktasyonun ilk 30 gününde sadece keçi sütündeki SFA, MUFA, PUFA, MUFA/SFA, PUFA/SFA ve UFA/SFA oranlarının değişmesi keçilerin beslenme fizyolojisindeki farkı ortaya koyması açısından üzerinde durulması gereken önemli bir konudur.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2022Investigation of Erzincan regional cuisine in the scope of vegetarian cuisine
Özdokur, Seyhan
With the increasing interest in gastronomic tourism, local dishes have started to be demanded more and more by tourists. In line with the changing demands of tourists, the promotion of local products and the increase in production areas have become inevitable. Today, in many cities, by offering the culinary cultures of their own regions to the needs of the tourists, it provides both the recognition of their destinations and the marketing of their products. In this study, the regional cuisine of the Erzincan province destination, the local dishes that can be used in the vegetarian cuisine culture were examined and it was aimed to contribute to the marketing, recognition and development of tourism by highlighting the vegetarian dishes in the Erzincan cuisine. In the study, among the qualitative research approaches, written and document analysis methods were selected, and text-based documents were examined. In addition, informa- tion about recipes and preparations is given along with photographs. It has been observed that many of the local dishes of Erzincan are suitable for vegetarian nutrition. However, it can be said that there are very few restaurants serving local food in the province of Erzincan, there is no production for tourists, and almost no interest in vegetarian cuisine is among the shortcomings of the city.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2022Bakteriyel Kaynaklı Lipaz Geninin Pichia pastoris’te Klonlanması, Ekspresyonu ve Rekombinant Enzimin Saflaştırılması
Karaoğlan, Mert; Karaoğlan, Fidan Erden
Gıda endüstrisinde enzimler her türlü işleme ve üretim proseslerinde uygulama alanı bulan biyolojik katalizörlerdir. Süt işlemeden meyve suyu üretimine, et işlemeden ekmek üretimine kadar gıda sanayinin çeşitli alanlarında yaygın olarak ihtiyaç duyulan enzimlerden biri lipazlardır. Bu çalışmada, kodon optimize edilmiş Geobacillus stearothermophilus lipaz enzimini kodlayan genin, Pichia pastoris ekspresyon sisteminde güçlü ve indüklenebilir bir promotor olan AOX1 promotoru içeren pPICZA ekspresyon vektörü kullanılarak ekspresyonu yapılmış ve en yüksek lipaz enzimi üretimi gösteren klon belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen klon ile 400 mL indüksiyon besiyerinde 72 saat boyunca üretim gerçekleştirilmiş ve toplanan süpernatant örneğinde enzim aktivitesi, toplam protein ve SDS-PAGE analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Rekombinant lipaz enzimi Ni-NTA afinite kromatografisi ile saflaştırılmıştır. Saflaştırma işleminin her aşamasından alınan örneklerde SDS-PAGE analizi yapılmış ve her aşamada elde edilen örneklerde saflaştırma verimi hesaplanmıştır. Saflaştırma işleminden sonra analiz edilen örnekte, en yüksek üretim gösteren klonun 25.02 mg L-1 lipaz üretim seviyesine ulaştığı belirlenmiştir.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2022Farklı Şekillerde Üretilen Işığın Triticum aestivum L. (Buğday) ve Hordeum vulgare L. (Arpa) Üzerindeki Etkileri
Osma, Etem; Sahin, Mustafa; Kılıç, Elçin
Tarımsal uygulamada kullanılan farklı aydınlatma elemanları ile farklı niteliklerde ışıklar üretmektedir. Bu durum canlılar üzerinde farklı etkiler oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, aydınlatma uygulamalarında ışık üretim yöntemlerinden en fazla kullanılan termik, deşarja dayanan ve elektrolüminesans yol ile üretilen ışığın Triticum aestivum L. (Buğday) ve Hordeum vulgare L. (Arpa) üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, LED, enkandesan, sodyum buharlı, civa buharlı ve metal halojenli deşarj ışık kaynaklarının kullanıldığı farklı aydınlatma ortamları oluşturulmuş ve ışık kaynağı haricinde diğer tüm değişkenlerin aynı olması sağlanmıştır. Sonrasında bu ortamlarda buğday ve arpa bitkileri yetiştirilmiş ve 15 gün sonunda hasat edilmiştir. Hasat işlemleri tamamlandıktan sonra bitkilerin yaş ağırlıkları, boyları, elektrolit sızıntı, klorofil ile karoten miktarları, Süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) ve Katalaz (CAT) enzim aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS İstatistik Paket Programı’nda değerlendirilerek çalışılan ışık parametreleri altında yetiştirilen bitkiler arasındaki farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Farklı lambalar altında yetiştirilen buğday ve arpalarda elde edilen veriler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu gözlenmiştir.
- ArticleAçık Erişim2022Küresel Gıda Güvenliği Endeksi Kapsamında COVID-19 Pandemisinin Türkiye’nin Gıda Güvenliğine Yönelik Etkisi
Manga, Muge; Karakoç, Duygu Yıldız
Herkesin yeterli ve sağlıklı gıdaya kesintisiz biçimde fiziksel ve ekonomik erişimi olarak tanımlanan gıda güvenliği, Covid-19 pandemisiyle birlikte endişe verici hale gelmiştir. Enflasyon, işsizlik, gelir, uluslararası ticaret, tarımsal politikalar, kentleşme gibi birçok makroekonomik değişken ya da kuraklık ve aşırı hava olayları gibi iklim faktörleri gıda güvenliğine yönelik tehditler oluştururken Covid-19 pandemisinin gıdanın üretimi, dağıtımı ve tüketimi gibi aşamalarına verdiği zarar bu tehditleri belirginleştirmektedir. Bu doğrultuda mevcut çalışmada Covid-19 pandemi sürecinin Türkiye’deki gıda güvenliğine yönelik ortaya çıkardığı etkilerin saptanması hedeflenmektedir. Bu amaç kapsamında “Küresel Gıda Güvenliği Endeksi” temel alınarak Türkiye’deki parametreler üzerinden Covid-19 pandemisinin gıda güvenliğine yönelik etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Covid-19 Pandemi sürecinin etkisinin daha açık bir biçimde ortaya konulması amacıyla araştırılması planlanan dönem Covid-19 pandemi öncesi (2018-2019 yılları arası) ve pandemi süreci (2020-2021 yılları arası) dönem olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Covid-19 pandemisinin Türkiye’de gıda güvenliğine yönelik verdiği olumsuz etkiler saptanmış aynı zamanda Türkiye’nin gıda güvenliği alanında güçlü ve zayıf olduğu yönler ortaya konmuştur.
